use YourDatabase  --指定要生成数据字典的数据库
go

SELECT  
表名=case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else ‘‘ end, 
表说明=case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,‘‘) else ‘‘ end,
字段序号=a.colorder, 
字段名=a.name, 
标识=case when COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,‘IsIdentity‘)=1 then ‘√‘else ‘‘ end, 
主键=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype=‘PK‘ and name in (
  SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(
   SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid 
   ))) then ‘√‘ else ‘‘ end, 
类型=b.name, 
占用字节数=a.length, 
长度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,‘PRECISION‘), 
小数位数=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,‘Scale‘),0), 
允许空=case when a.isnullable=1 then ‘√‘else ‘‘ end, 
默认值=isnull(e.text,‘‘), 
字段说明=isnull(g.[value],‘‘) 
FROM syscolumns a 
left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype 
inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype=‘U‘ and d.name<>‘dtproperties‘ 
left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id 
left join sys.extended_properties g on a.id=g.major_id and a.colid=g.minor_id 
left join sys.extended_properties f on d.id=f.major_id and f.minor_id =0 
--where d.name=‘要查询的表‘ --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件   
order by a.id,a.colorder

-- 数据字典
SELECT
    (CASE
        WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name
        ELSE ‘‘
    END) 表名
   ,a.colorder 字段序号
   ,a.name 字段名
   ,(CASE
        WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, ‘IsIdentity‘) = 1 THEN ‘√‘
        ELSE ‘‘
    END) 标识
   ,(CASE
        WHEN (SELECT
                    COUNT(*)
                FROM sysobjects
                WHERE (name IN (SELECT
                        name
                    FROM sysindexes
                    WHERE (id = a.id)
                    AND (indid IN (SELECT
                            indid
                        FROM sysindexkeys
                        WHERE (id = a.id)
                        AND (colid IN (SELECT
                                colid
                            FROM syscolumns
                            WHERE (id = a.id)
                            AND (name = a.name))
                        ))
                    ))
                )
                AND (xtype = ‘PK‘))
            > 0 THEN ‘√‘
        ELSE ‘‘
    END) 主键
   ,b.name 类型
   ,a.length 占用字节数
   ,COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, ‘PRECISION‘) AS 长度
   ,ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, ‘Scale‘), 0) AS 小数位数
   ,(CASE
        WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN ‘√‘
        ELSE ‘‘
    END) 允许空
   ,ISNULL(e.text, ‘‘) 默认值
   ,ISNULL(g.[value], ‘‘) AS 字段说明
FROM syscolumns a
LEFT JOIN systypes b
    ON a.xtype = b.xusertype
INNER JOIN sysobjects d
    ON a.id = d.id
        AND d.xtype = ‘U‘
        AND d.name <> ‘dtproperties‘
LEFT JOIN syscomments e
    ON a.cdefault = e.id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties g
    ON a.id = g.major_id
        AND a.colid = g.major_id
ORDER BY a.id, a.colorder

USE information_schema;

SELECT
    T.TABLE_SCHEMA AS ‘数据库名称‘,
    T.TABLE_NAME AS ‘表名‘,
    T.TABLE_TYPE AS ‘表类型‘,
    T. ENGINE AS ‘数据库引擎‘,
    C.ORDINAL_POSITION AS ‘字段编号‘,
    C.COLUMN_NAME AS ‘字段名‘,
    C.COLUMN_TYPE AS ‘数据类型‘,
    C.IS_NULLABLE AS ‘允许为空‘,
    C.COLUMN_KEY AS ‘键类型‘,
    C.EXTRA AS ‘自增属性‘,
    C.CHARACTER_SET_NAME AS ‘编码名称‘,
    C.COLUMN_COMMENT AS ‘字段说明‘
FROM
    COLUMNS C
INNER JOIN TABLES T ON C.TABLE_SCHEMA = T.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND C.TABLE_NAME = T.TABLE_NAME
WHERE
    T.TABLE_SCHEMA = ‘mysql‘  --指定要生成数据字典的数据库