Android学习总结——Broadcast

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Android学习总结——Broadcast

2024-08-11 13:22:54 224人阅读

一.利用BroadcastReceiever监听短信

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.example.boradcast">    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:supportsRtl="true"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">        <activity android:name=".MainActivity"            android:screenOrientation="landscape"            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <receiver android:name=".MyBoradcast">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name ="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"></action>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>    </application></manifest>

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    tools:context="com.example.boradcast.MainActivity">    <TextView        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="Hello World!" /></RelativeLayout>

MainActivity:

package com.example.boradcast;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;public class MainActivity extends Activity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    }}

MyBoradcast:

package com.example.boradcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/17. */public class MyBoradcast extends BroadcastReceiver {    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Toast.makeText(context,"你有新信息",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }}

总结：android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"> 去除状态栏和标题栏

     <action android:name ="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"></action> 广播接受者关注的是什么事件

     android:screenOrientation="landscape" 横屏

 
二.自定义广播的发送和接收
发送：
activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    tools:context="com.example.broadcastsender.MainActivity">    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:id="@+id/btn_StartBroadcast"        android:text="发送广播"/></RelativeLayout>

MainActivity:

package com.example.broadcastsender;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private Button btnStartBroad;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        btnStartBroad=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_StartBroadcast);        btnStartBroad.setOnClickListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View view) {        switch (view.getId()){            case R.id.btn_StartBroadcast:                Intent intent=new Intent();                //设置action，便于接收方使用                intent.setAction("com.xch");                intent.putExtra("key","发送广播了！");                //发送广播                sendBroadcast(intent);                break;        }    }}

接收：

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.example.broadcastreceive">    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:supportsRtl="true"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcast">            <intent-filter>                <!--此处action为发送方设置的action-->                <action android:name="com.xch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>    </application></manifest>

MyBroadcast：

package com.example.broadcastreceive;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/31. */public class MyBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver{    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        String str=intent.getExtras().getString("key");        Toast.makeText(context,str,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }}

总结：自定义广播发送和接收可以利用Intent，需要注意的是要设置一个action，便于接收：如下

intent.setAction("com.xch");

结果：

技术分享

三：广播接收者的优先级别

 1.在AndroidManifest.xml中设置优先级别，具体为在intent-filter标签中设置android:priority="1000";这里设置1000，如果我们要让这个接受者为最高级别，则其他接收者级别应该设置得比这个低。

 2.在代码中发送方应该发送有序的广播，之前的sendBroadcast(intent);是无序的，这里我们应该用：sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);

 3.在接收方拦截掉比当前优先级别低的广播：abortBroadcast();

具体代码如下：
发送广播：

package com.example.broadcastsender;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private Button btnStartBroad;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        btnStartBroad=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_StartBroadcast);        btnStartBroad.setOnClickListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View view) {        switch (view.getId()){            case R.id.btn_StartBroadcast:                Intent intent=new Intent();                //设置action，便于接收方使用                intent.setAction("com.xch");                intent.putExtra("key","发送广播了！");                //发送无序的广播                //sendBroadcast(intent);                //发送有序的广播                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);                break;        }    }}

接收广播：

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.example.broadcastreceive">    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:supportsRtl="true"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcast">            <!--设置广播优先级：intent-filter标签下的android:priority=""-->            <intent-filter android:priority="1000">                <action android:name="com.xch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>    </application></manifest>

MyBroadcast：

package com.example.broadcastreceive;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/31. */public class MyBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver{    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        String str=intent.getExtras().getString("key");        Toast.makeText(context,str,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        //拦截掉比当前优先级别低的广播        abortBroadcast();    }}

Android学习总结——Broadcast

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