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Android学习总结——Broadcast
一.利用BroadcastReceiever监听短信
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.boradcast"> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:screenOrientation="landscape" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name=".MyBoradcast"> <intent-filter> <action android:name ="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"></action> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application></manifest>
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="com.example.boradcast.MainActivity"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Hello World!" /></RelativeLayout>
MainActivity:
package com.example.boradcast;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); }}MyBoradcast:
package com.example.boradcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/17. */public class MyBoradcast extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { Toast.makeText(context,"你有新信息",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }}总结：android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"> 去除状态栏和标题栏
<action android:name ="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"></action> 广播接受者关注的是什么事件
android:screenOrientation="landscape" 横屏
二.自定义广播的发送和接收
发送：
activity_main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.example.broadcastsender.MainActivity"> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btn_StartBroadcast" android:text="发送广播"/></RelativeLayout>MainActivity:package com.example.broadcastsender;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private Button btnStartBroad; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); btnStartBroad=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_StartBroadcast); btnStartBroad.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()){ case R.id.btn_StartBroadcast: Intent intent=new Intent(); //设置action，便于接收方使用 intent.setAction("com.xch"); intent.putExtra("key","发送广播了！"); //发送广播 sendBroadcast(intent); break; } }}接收：
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.broadcastreceive"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcast"> <intent-filter> <!--此处action为发送方设置的action--> <action android:name="com.xch"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application></manifest>MyBroadcast：package com.example.broadcastreceive;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/31. */public class MyBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String str=intent.getExtras().getString("key"); Toast.makeText(context,str,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }}
总结：自定义广播发送和接收可以利用Intent，需要注意的是要设置一个action，便于接收：如下
intent.setAction("com.xch");
<action android:name="com.xch"/>
结果：
三： 广播接收者的优先级别
1.在AndroidManifest.xml中设置优先级别，具体为在intent-filter标签中设置android:priority="1000";这里设置1000，如果我们要让这个接受者为最高级别，则其他接收者级别应该设置得比这个低。
2.在代码中发送方应该发送有序的广播，之前的sendBroadcast(intent);是无序的，这里我们应该用：sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);
3.在接收方拦截掉比当前优先级别低的广播：abortBroadcast();
具体代码如下：
发送广播：
package com.example.broadcastsender;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private Button btnStartBroad; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); btnStartBroad=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_StartBroadcast); btnStartBroad.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()){ case R.id.btn_StartBroadcast: Intent intent=new Intent(); //设置action，便于接收方使用 intent.setAction("com.xch"); intent.putExtra("key","发送广播了！"); //发送无序的广播 //sendBroadcast(intent); //发送有序的广播 sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null); break; } }}接收广播：
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.broadcastreceive"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcast"> <!--设置广播优先级：intent-filter标签下的android:priority=""--> <intent-filter android:priority="1000"> <action android:name="com.xch"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application></manifest>MyBroadcast：package com.example.broadcastreceive;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by 杨雄超 on 2016/8/31. */public class MyBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String str=intent.getExtras().getString("key"); Toast.makeText(context,str,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //拦截掉比当前优先级别低的广播 abortBroadcast(); }}
Android学习总结——Broadcast
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