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unity探索者之socket传输protobuf字节流(二)
上一篇主要说的是protobuf字节流的序列化和解析,将protobuf对象序列化为字节流后虽然可以直接传递,但是实际在项目中却不可能真的只是传递protobuf字节流,因为socket的tcp通讯中会出现几个很常见的问题,就是粘包和少包。所谓粘包,简单点说就是socket会将多个较小的包合并到一起发送。因为tcp是面向连接的,发送端为了将多个发往接收端的包,更有效的发到对方,使用了优化方法(Nagle算法),将多次间隔较小且数据量小的数据,合并成一个大的数据块,然后进行封包。少包则是指缓存区满后,soket将不完整的包发送到接收端(按我的理解,粘包和少包其实是一个问题)。这样接收端一次接收到的数据就有可能是多个包,为了解决这个问题,在发送数据之前,需要将包的长度也发送出去。于是,包的结构就应该是 消息长度+消息内容。
这一篇,就来说说数据的拼接,干货来了
首先的拼接数据包
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 构建消息数据包 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <param name="protobufModel"></param> 5 /// <param name="packetCode"></param> 6 byte[] BuildPackage(IExtensible protobufModel, int packetCode) 7 { 8 byte[] b; 9 if (protobufModel != null) 10 b = ProtobufSerilizer.Serialize(protobufModel); 11 else 12 b = new byte[0]; 13 14 ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.Allocate(b.Length + 4 + 4); 15 buf.WriteInt(b.Length + 4); 16 buf.WriteInt(packetCode); 17 18 if (protobufModel != null) 19 buf.WriteBytes(b); 20 return buf.GetBytes(); 21 }
代码中使用的ByteBuffer工具java中有提供,但是c#中是没有的,源码摘至https://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_42170_37516,不过作者并未在工具中添加获取所有字节码的方法,所以自己添加了一个GetBytes()方法
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 4 /// <summary> 5 /// 字节缓冲处理类,本类仅处理大字节序 6 /// 警告,本类非线程安全 7 /// </summary> 8 public class ByteBuffer 9 { 10 //字节缓存区 11 private byte[] buf; 12 //读取索引 13 private int readIndex = 0; 14 //写入索引 15 private int writeIndex = 0; 16 //读取索引标记 17 private int markReadIndex = 0; 18 //写入索引标记 19 private int markWirteIndex = 0; 20 //缓存区字节数组的长度 21 private int capacity; 22 23 //对象池 24 private static List<ByteBuffer> pool = new List<ByteBuffer>(); 25 private static int poolMaxCount = 200; 26 //此对象是否池化 27 private bool isPool = false; 28 29 /// <summary> 30 /// 构造方法 31 /// </summary> 32 /// <param name="capacity">初始容量</param> 33 private ByteBuffer(int capacity) 34 { 35 buf = new byte[capacity]; 36 this.capacity = capacity; 37 } 38 39 /// <summary> 40 /// 构造方法 41 /// </summary> 42 /// <param name="bytes">初始字节数组</param> 43 private ByteBuffer(byte[] bytes) 44 { 45 buf = bytes; 46 this.capacity = bytes.Length; 47 this.readIndex = 0; 48 this.writeIndex = bytes.Length + 1; 49 } 50 51 /// <summary> 52 /// 构建一个capacity长度的字节缓存区ByteBuffer对象 53 /// </summary> 54 /// <param name="capacity">初始容量</param> 55 /// <returns>ByteBuffer对象</returns> 56 public static ByteBuffer Allocate(int capacity) 57 { 58 return new ByteBuffer(capacity); 59 } 60 61 /// <summary> 62 /// 构建一个以bytes为字节缓存区的ByteBuffer对象,一般不推荐使用 63 /// </summary> 64 /// <param name="bytes">初始字节数组</param> 65 /// <returns>ByteBuffer对象</returns> 66 public static ByteBuffer Allocate(byte[] bytes) 67 { 68 return new ByteBuffer(bytes); 69 } 70 71 /// <summary> 72 /// 获取一个池化的ByteBuffer对象,池化的对象必须在调用Dispose后才会推入池中,否则此方法等同于Allocate(int capacity)方法,此方法为线程安全的 73 /// </summary> 74 /// <param name="capacity">ByteBuffer对象的初始容量大小,如果缓存池中没有对象,则对象的容量大小为此值,否则为池中对象的实际容量值</param> 75 /// <returns></returns> 76 public static ByteBuffer GetFromPool(int capacity) 77 { 78 lock (pool) 79 { 80 ByteBuffer bbuf; 81 if (pool.Count == 0) 82 { 83 bbuf = Allocate(capacity); 84 bbuf.isPool = true; 85 return bbuf; 86 } 87 int lastIndex = pool.Count - 1; 88 bbuf = pool[lastIndex]; 89 pool.RemoveAt(lastIndex); 90 if (!bbuf.isPool) 91 { 92 bbuf.isPool = true; 93 } 94 return bbuf; 95 } 96 } 97 98 /// <summary> 99 /// 根据length长度,确定大于此leng的最近的2次方数,如length=7,则返回值为8 100 /// </summary> 101 /// <param name="length">参考容量</param> 102 /// <returns>比参考容量大的最接近的2次方数</returns> 103 private int FixLength(int length) 104 { 105 int n = 2; 106 int b = 2; 107 while (b < length) 108 { 109 b = 2 << n; 110 n++; 111 } 112 return b; 113 } 114 115 /// <summary> 116 /// 翻转字节数组,如果本地字节序列为低字节序列,则进行翻转以转换为高字节序列 117 /// </summary> 118 /// <param name="bytes">待转为高字节序的字节数组</param> 119 /// <returns>高字节序列的字节数组</returns> 120 private byte[] flip(byte[] bytes) 121 { 122 if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian) 123 { 124 Array.Reverse(bytes); 125 } 126 return bytes; 127 } 128 129 /// <summary> 130 /// 确定内部字节缓存数组的大小 131 /// </summary> 132 /// <param name="currLen">当前容量</param> 133 /// <param name="futureLen">将来的容量</param> 134 /// <returns>将来的容量</returns> 135 private int FixSizeAndReset(int currLen, int futureLen) 136 { 137 if (futureLen > currLen) 138 { 139 //以原大小的2次方数的两倍确定内部字节缓存区大小 140 int size = FixLength(currLen) * 2; 141 if (futureLen > size) 142 { 143 //以将来的大小的2次方的两倍确定内部字节缓存区大小 144 size = FixLength(futureLen) * 2; 145 } 146 byte[] newbuf = new byte[size]; 147 Array.Copy(buf, 0, newbuf, 0, currLen); 148 buf = newbuf; 149 capacity = newbuf.Length; 150 } 151 return futureLen; 152 } 153 154 /// <summary> 155 /// 将bytes字节数组从startIndex开始的length字节写入到此缓存区 156 /// </summary> 157 /// <param name="bytes">待写入的字节数据</param> 158 /// <param name="startIndex">写入的开始位置</param> 159 /// <param name="length">写入的长度</param> 160 public void WriteBytes(byte[] bytes, int startIndex, int length) 161 { 162 int offset = length - startIndex; 163 if (offset <= 0) return; 164 int total = offset + writeIndex; 165 int len = buf.Length; 166 FixSizeAndReset(len, total); 167 for (int i = writeIndex, j = startIndex; i < total; i++, j++) 168 { 169 buf[i] = bytes[j]; 170 } 171 writeIndex = total; 172 } 173 174 /// <summary> 175 /// 将字节数组中从0到length的元素写入缓存区 176 /// </summary> 177 /// <param name="bytes">待写入的字节数据</param> 178 /// <param name="length">写入的长度</param> 179 public void WriteBytes(byte[] bytes, int length) 180 { 181 WriteBytes(bytes, 0, length); 182 } 183 184 /// <summary> 185 /// 将字节数组全部写入缓存区 186 /// </summary> 187 /// <param name="bytes">待写入的字节数据</param> 188 public void WriteBytes(byte[] bytes) 189 { 190 WriteBytes(bytes, bytes.Length); 191 } 192 193 /// <summary> 194 /// 将一个ByteBuffer的有效字节区写入此缓存区中 195 /// </summary> 196 /// <param name="buffer">待写入的字节缓存区</param> 197 public void Write(ByteBuffer buffer) 198 { 199 if (buffer == null) return; 200 if (buffer.ReadableBytes() <= 0) return; 201 WriteBytes(buffer.ToArray()); 202 } 203 204 /// <summary> 205 /// 写入一个int16数据 206 /// </summary> 207 /// <param name="value">short数据</param> 208 public void WriteShort(short value) 209 { 210 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 211 } 212 213 /// <summary> 214 /// 写入一个ushort数据 215 /// </summary> 216 /// <param name="value">ushort数据</param> 217 public void WriteUshort(ushort value) 218 { 219 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 220 } 221 222 /// <summary> 223 /// 写入一个int32数据 224 /// </summary> 225 /// <param name="value">int数据</param> 226 public void WriteInt(int value) 227 { 228 //byte[] array = new byte[4]; 229 //for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--) 230 //{ 231 // array[i] = (byte)(value & 0xff); 232 // value = http://www.mamicode.com/value >> 8;>233 //} 234 //Array.Reverse(array); 235 //Write(array); 236 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 237 } 238 239 /// <summary> 240 /// 写入一个uint32数据 241 /// </summary> 242 /// <param name="value">uint数据</param> 243 public void WriteUint(uint value) 244 { 245 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 246 } 247 248 /// <summary> 249 /// 写入一个int64数据 250 /// </summary> 251 /// <param name="value">long数据</param> 252 public void WriteLong(long value) 253 { 254 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 255 } 256 257 /// <summary> 258 /// 写入一个uint64数据 259 /// </summary> 260 /// <param name="value">ulong数据</param> 261 public void WriteUlong(ulong value) 262 { 263 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 264 } 265 266 /// <summary> 267 /// 写入一个float数据 268 /// </summary> 269 /// <param name="value">float数据</param> 270 public void WriteFloat(float value) 271 { 272 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 273 } 274 275 /// <summary> 276 /// 写入一个byte数据 277 /// </summary> 278 /// <param name="value">byte数据</param> 279 public void WriteByte(byte value) 280 { 281 int afterLen = writeIndex + 1; 282 int len = buf.Length; 283 FixSizeAndReset(len, afterLen); 284 buf[writeIndex] = value; 285 writeIndex = afterLen; 286 } 287 288 /// <summary> 289 /// 写入一个byte数据 290 /// </summary> 291 /// <param name="value">byte数据</param> 292 public void WriteByte(int value) 293 { 294 byte b = (byte)value; 295 WriteByte(b); 296 } 297 298 /// <summary> 299 /// 写入一个double类型数据 300 /// </summary> 301 /// <param name="value">double数据</param> 302 public void WriteDouble(double value) 303 { 304 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 305 } 306 307 /// <summary> 308 /// 写入一个字符 309 /// </summary> 310 /// <param name="value"></param> 311 public void WriteChar(char value) 312 { 313 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 314 } 315 316 /// <summary> 317 /// 写入一个布尔型数据 318 /// </summary> 319 /// <param name="value"></param> 320 public void WriteBoolean(bool value) 321 { 322 WriteBytes(flip(BitConverter.GetBytes(value))); 323 } 324 325 /// <summary> 326 /// 读取一个字节 327 /// </summary> 328 /// <returns>字节数据</returns> 329 public byte ReadByte() 330 { 331 byte b = buf[readIndex]; 332 readIndex++; 333 return b; 334 } 335 336 /// <summary> 337 /// 读取一个字节并转为int类型的数据 338 /// </summary> 339 /// <returns>int数据</returns> 340 public int ReadByteToInt() 341 { 342 byte b = ReadByte(); 343 return (int)b; 344 } 345 346 /// <summary> 347 /// 获取从index索引处开始len长度的字节 348 /// </summary> 349 /// <param name="index"></param> 350 /// <param name="len"></param> 351 /// <returns></returns> 352 private byte[] Get(int index, int len) 353 { 354 byte[] bytes = new byte[len]; 355 Array.Copy(buf, index, bytes, 0, len); 356 return flip(bytes); 357 } 358 359 /// <summary> 360 /// 从读取索引位置开始读取len长度的字节数组 361 /// </summary> 362 /// <param name="len">待读取的字节长度</param> 363 /// <returns>字节数组</returns> 364 private byte[] Read(int len) 365 { 366 byte[] bytes = Get(readIndex, len); 367 readIndex += len; 368 return bytes; 369 } 370 371 /// <summary> 372 /// 读取一个uint16数据 373 /// </summary> 374 /// <returns>ushort数据</returns> 375 public ushort ReadUshort() 376 { 377 return BitConverter.ToUInt16(Read(2), 0); 378 } 379 380 /// <summary> 381 /// 读取一个int16数据 382 /// </summary> 383 /// <returns>short数据</returns> 384 public short ReadShort() 385 { 386 return BitConverter.ToInt16(Read(2), 0); 387 } 388 389 /// <summary> 390 /// 读取一个uint32数据 391 /// </summary> 392 /// <returns>uint数据</returns> 393 public uint ReadUint() 394 { 395 return BitConverter.ToUInt32(Read(4), 0); 396 } 397 398 /// <summary> 399 /// 读取一个int32数据 400 /// </summary> 401 /// <returns>int数据</returns> 402 public int ReadInt() 403 { 404 return BitConverter.ToInt32(Read(4), 0); 405 } 406 407 /// <summary> 408 /// 读取一个uint64数据 409 /// </summary> 410 /// <returns>ulong数据</returns> 411 public ulong ReadUlong() 412 { 413 return BitConverter.ToUInt64(Read(8), 0); 414 } 415 416 /// <summary> 417 /// 读取一个long数据 418 /// </summary> 419 /// <returns>long数据</returns> 420 public long ReadLong() 421 { 422 return BitConverter.ToInt64(Read(8), 0); 423 } 424 425 /// <summary> 426 /// 读取一个float数据 427 /// </summary> 428 /// <returns>float数据</returns> 429 public float ReadFloat() 430 { 431 return BitConverter.ToSingle(Read(4), 0); 432 } 433 434 /// <summary> 435 /// 读取一个double数据 436 /// </summary> 437 /// <returns>double数据</returns> 438 public double ReadDouble() 439 { 440 return BitConverter.ToDouble(Read(8), 0); 441 } 442 443 /// <summary> 444 /// 读取一个字符 445 /// </summary> 446 /// <returns></returns> 447 public char ReadChar() 448 { 449 return BitConverter.ToChar(Read(2), 0); 450 } 451 452 /// <summary> 453 /// 读取布尔型数据 454 /// </summary> 455 /// <returns></returns> 456 public bool ReadBoolean() 457 { 458 return BitConverter.ToBoolean(Read(1), 0); 459 } 460 461 /// <summary> 462 /// 从读取索引位置开始读取len长度的字节到disbytes目标字节数组中 463 /// </summary> 464 /// <param name="disbytes">读取的字节将存入此字节数组</param> 465 /// <param name="disstart">目标字节数组的写入索引</param> 466 /// <param name="len">读取的长度</param> 467 public void ReadBytes(byte[] disbytes, int disstart, int len) 468 { 469 int size = disstart + len; 470 for (int i = disstart; i < size; i++) 471 { 472 disbytes[i] = this.ReadByte(); 473 } 474 } 475 476 /// <summary> 477 /// 获取一个字节 478 /// </summary> 479 /// <param name="index"></param> 480 /// <returns></returns> 481 public byte GetByte(int index) 482 { 483 return buf[index]; 484 } 485 486 /// <summary> 487 /// 获取全部字节 488 /// </summary> 489 /// <returns></returns> 490 public byte[] GetBytes() 491 { 492 return buf; 493 } 494 495 /// <summary> 496 /// 获取一个双精度浮点数据,不改变数据内容 497 /// </summary> 498 /// <param name="index">字节索引</param> 499 /// <returns></returns> 500 public double GetDouble(int index) 501 { 502 return BitConverter.ToDouble(Get(0, 8), 0); 503 } 504 505 /// <summary> 506 /// 获取一个浮点数据,不改变数据内容 507 /// </summary> 508 /// <param name="index">字节索引</param> 509 /// <returns></returns> 510 public float GetFloat(int index) 511 { 512 return BitConverter.ToSingle(Get(0, 4), 0); 513 } 514 515 /// <summary> 516 /// 获取一个长整形数据,不改变数据内容 517 /// </summary> 518 /// <param name="index">字节索引</param> 519 /// <returns></returns> 520 public long GetLong(int index) 521 { 522 return BitConverter.ToInt64(Get(0, 8), 0); 523 } 524 525 /// <summary> 526 /// 获取一个整形数据,不改变数据内容 527 /// </summary> 528 /// <param name="index">字节索引</param> 529 /// <returns></returns> 530 public int GetInt(int index) 531 { 532 return BitConverter.ToInt32(Get(0, 4), 0); 533 } 534 535 /// <summary> 536 /// 获取一个短整形数据,不改变数据内容 537 /// </summary> 538 /// <param name="index">字节索引</param> 539 /// <returns></returns> 540 public int GetShort(int index) 541 { 542 return BitConverter.ToInt16(Get(0, 2), 0); 543 } 544 545 546 /// <summary> 547 /// 清除已读字节并重建缓存区 548 /// </summary> 549 public void DiscardReadBytes() 550 { 551 if (readIndex <= 0) return; 552 int len = buf.Length - readIndex; 553 byte[] newbuf = new byte[len]; 554 Array.Copy(buf, readIndex, newbuf, 0, len); 555 buf = newbuf; 556 writeIndex -= readIndex; 557 markReadIndex -= readIndex; 558 if (markReadIndex < 0) 559 { 560 markReadIndex = readIndex; 561 } 562 markWirteIndex -= readIndex; 563 if (markWirteIndex < 0 || markWirteIndex < readIndex || markWirteIndex < markReadIndex) 564 { 565 markWirteIndex = writeIndex; 566 } 567 readIndex = 0; 568 } 569 570 /// <summary> 571 /// 清空此对象,但保留字节缓存数组(空数组) 572 /// </summary> 573 public void Clear() 574 { 575 buf = new byte[buf.Length]; 576 readIndex = 0; 577 writeIndex = 0; 578 markReadIndex = 0; 579 markWirteIndex = 0; 580 capacity = buf.Length; 581 } 582 583 /// <summary> 584 /// 释放对象,清除字节缓存数组,如果此对象为可池化,那么调用此方法将会把此对象推入到池中等待下次调用 585 /// </summary> 586 public void Dispose() 587 { 588 readIndex = 0; 589 writeIndex = 0; 590 markReadIndex = 0; 591 markWirteIndex = 0; 592 if (isPool) 593 { 594 lock (pool) 595 { 596 if (pool.Count < poolMaxCount) 597 { 598 pool.Add(this); 599 } 600 } 601 } 602 else 603 { 604 capacity = 0; 605 buf = null; 606 } 607 } 608 609 /// <summary> 610 /// 设置/获取读指针位置 611 /// </summary> 612 public int ReaderIndex 613 { 614 get 615 { 616 return readIndex; 617 } 618 set 619 { 620 if (value < 0) return; 621 readIndex = value; 622 } 623 } 624 625 /// <summary> 626 /// 设置/获取写指针位置 627 /// </summary> 628 public int WriterIndex 629 { 630 get 631 { 632 return writeIndex; 633 } 634 set 635 { 636 if (value < 0) return; 637 writeIndex = value; 638 } 639 } 640 641 /// <summary> 642 /// 标记读取的索引位置 643 /// </summary> 644 public void MarkReaderIndex() 645 { 646 markReadIndex = readIndex; 647 } 648 649 /// <summary> 650 /// 标记写入的索引位置 651 /// </summary> 652 public void MarkWriterIndex() 653 { 654 markWirteIndex = writeIndex; 655 } 656 657 /// <summary> 658 /// 将读取的索引位置重置为标记的读取索引位置 659 /// </summary> 660 public void ResetReaderIndex() 661 { 662 readIndex = markReadIndex; 663 } 664 665 /// <summary> 666 /// 将写入的索引位置重置为标记的写入索引位置 667 /// </summary> 668 public void ResetWriterIndex() 669 { 670 writeIndex = markWirteIndex; 671 } 672 673 /// <summary> 674 /// 可读的有效字节数 675 /// </summary> 676 /// <returns>可读的字节数</returns> 677 public int ReadableBytes() 678 { 679 return writeIndex - readIndex; 680 } 681 682 /// <summary> 683 /// 获取可读的字节数组 684 /// </summary> 685 /// <returns>字节数据</returns> 686 public byte[] ToArray() 687 { 688 byte[] bytes = new byte[writeIndex]; 689 Array.Copy(buf, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length); 690 return bytes; 691 } 692 693 /// <summary> 694 /// 获取缓存区容量大小 695 /// </summary> 696 /// <returns>缓存区容量</returns> 697 public int GetCapacity() 698 { 699 return this.capacity; 700 } 701 702 /// <summary> 703 /// 简单的数据类型 704 /// </summary> 705 public enum LengthType 706 { 707 //byte类型 708 BYTE, 709 //short类型 710 SHORT, 711 //int类型 712 INT 713 } 714 715 /// <summary> 716 /// 写入一个数据 717 /// </summary> 718 /// <param name="value">待写入的数据</param> 719 /// <param name="type">待写入的数据类型</param> 720 public void WriteValue(int value, LengthType type) 721 { 722 switch (type) 723 { 724 case LengthType.BYTE: 725 this.WriteByte(value); 726 break; 727 case LengthType.SHORT: 728 this.WriteShort((short)value); 729 break; 730 default: 731 this.WriteInt(value); 732 break; 733 } 734 } 735 736 /// <summary> 737 /// 读取一个值,值类型根据type决定,int或short或byte 738 /// </summary> 739 /// <param name="type">值类型</param> 740 /// <returns>int数据</returns> 741 public int ReadValue(LengthType type) 742 { 743 switch (type) 744 { 745 case LengthType.BYTE: 746 return ReadByteToInt(); 747 case LengthType.SHORT: 748 return (int)ReadShort(); 749 default: 750 return ReadInt(); 751 } 752 } 753 754 /// <summary> 755 /// 写入一个字符串 756 /// </summary> 757 /// <param name="content">待写入的字符串</param> 758 /// <param name="lenType">写入的字符串长度类型</param> 759 public void WriteUTF8String(string content, LengthType lenType) 760 { 761 byte[] bytes = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content); 762 int max; 763 if (lenType == LengthType.BYTE) 764 { 765 WriteByte(bytes.Length); 766 max = byte.MaxValue; 767 } 768 else if (lenType == LengthType.SHORT) 769 { 770 WriteShort((short)bytes.Length); 771 max = short.MaxValue; 772 } 773 else 774 { 775 WriteInt(bytes.Length); 776 max = int.MaxValue; 777 } 778 if (bytes.Length > max) 779 { 780 WriteBytes(bytes, 0, max); 781 } 782 else 783 { 784 WriteBytes(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); 785 } 786 } 787 788 /// <summary> 789 /// 读取一个字符串 790 /// </summary> 791 /// <param name="len">需读取的字符串长度</param> 792 /// <returns>字符串</returns> 793 public string ReadUTF8String(int len) 794 { 795 byte[] bytes = new byte[len]; 796 this.ReadBytes(bytes, 0, len); 797 return System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); 798 } 799 800 /// <summary> 801 /// 读取一个字符串 802 /// </summary> 803 /// <param name="lenType">字符串长度类型</param> 804 /// <returns>字符串</returns> 805 public string ReadUTF8String(LengthType lenType) 806 { 807 int len = ReadValue(lenType); 808 return ReadUTF8String(len); 809 } 810 811 /// <summary> 812 /// 复制一个对象,具有与原对象相同的数据,不改变原对象的数据 813 /// </summary> 814 /// <returns></returns> 815 public ByteBuffer Copy() 816 { 817 return Copy(0); 818 } 819 820 public ByteBuffer Copy(int startIndex) 821 { 822 if (buf == null) 823 { 824 return new ByteBuffer(16); 825 } 826 byte[] target = new byte[buf.Length - startIndex]; 827 Array.Copy(buf, startIndex, target, 0, target.Length); 828 ByteBuffer buffer = new ByteBuffer(target.Length); 829 buffer.WriteBytes(target); 830 return buffer; 831 } 832 }
当然,c#中虽然没有ByteBuffer,但也有拼接字节数组的方法,比如
1 void Send(byte[] data) 2 { 3 byte[] bytes = new byte[data.Length + 4]; 4 byte[] length = BitConverter.GetBytes(4); 5 //因为不同系统间通信一律采用网络字节序,而网络字节序为大端序 6 //但是c#中使用的是小端序,所以此处需要将端序转换下,关于端序的定义,大家可以自己上网查查,此处就不多说了 7 if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian) 8 Array.Reverse(length); 9 Array.Copy(length, 0, bytes, 0, 4); 10 Array.Copy(data, 0, bytes, 4, data.Length); 11 mSocket.Send(bytes);12 }
字节数组拼接好后,就可以使用socket的send方法发送了,不过这一篇先继续讲完接收数据的处理
接收数据的顺序是先接收消息长度,然后根据消息长度接收指定长度的消息
1 void ReceiveMessage() 2 { 3 //上文说过,一个完整的消息是 消息长度+消息内容 4 //所以先创建一个长度4的字节数组,用于接收消息长度 5 byte[] recvBytesHead = GetBytesReceive(4); 6 //将消息长度字节组转为int数值 7 int bodyLength = IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(BitConverter.ToInt32(recvBytesHead, 0)); 8 //根据消息长度接收指定长度的字节组,这个字节组就是完整的消息内容 9 byte[] recvBytesBody = GetBytesReceive(bodyLength); 10 //最后反序列化消息的内容 11 IExtensible message = ProtobufSerilizer.DeSerialize<LoginRes>(messageBody); 12 }
GetBytesRecive方法用于接收消息,并解决粘包、少包的问题,代码如下
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 接收数据并处理 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <param name="length"></param> 5 /// <returns></returns> 6 byte[] GetBytesReceive(int length) 7 { 8 //创建指定长度的字节组 9 byte[] recvBytes = new byte[length]; 10 //设置每次接收包的最大长度为1024个字节 11 int packageMaxLength = 1024; 12 //使用循环来保证接收的数据是完整的,如果剩余长度大于0,证明接收未完成 13 while (length > 0) 14 { 15 //创建字节组,用于存放需要接收的字节流 16 byte[] receiveBytes = new byte[length < packageMaxLength ? length : packageMaxLength]; 17 int iBytesBody = 0; 18 //根据剩余需接收的长度来设置接收数据的长度 19 if (length >= receiveBytes.Length) 20 iBytesBody = mSocket.Receive(receiveBytes, receiveBytes.Length, 0); 21 else 22 iBytesBody = mSocket.Receive(receiveBytes, length, 0); 23 receiveBytes.CopyTo(recvBytes, recvBytes.Length - length); 24 //减去已接收的长度 25 length -= iBytesBody; 26 } 27 return recvBytes; 28 }
到这里,消息的简单发送和接收就基本搞定了,但是,实际项目中,我们的消息数量肯定不会只有一条,如果是长链接的项目,更是需要一直接收和发送消息,该怎么办?
众所周知,unity的UI上的显示只能在主线程中执行,可是如果我们在主线程一直接收和发送消息,那体验将会极差,所以我们必须另外开启线程来负责消息的接收和发送,下一篇就是使用多线程来完成socket通讯
unity探索者之socket传输protobuf字节流(二)