Spool 目录  （把sql语句都记录在txt文件中）spool  e:\xxx.txtSpool off 结束SQL> --清除屏幕信息SQL> clear screenSQL> --查看表空间SQL> select * from v$tablespace; SQL> --设置sql语句显示的长度SQL> set linesize 500;SQL> select * from v$tablespace;SQL> --创建表空间SQL> create tablespace   t11  2  datafile ‘E:\U2\t11.dbf‘  3  size 200m  4  autoextend on next 20  maxsize unlimited;表空间已创建。SQL> select * from v$tablespace;SQL> --查看表空间 是否是 自动扩容SQL> select tablespace_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;SQL> --取消自动扩容SQL> alter  database datafile ‘E:\U2\t11.dbf‘  autoextend off;数据库已更改。SQL> --开启SQL> alter  database datafile ‘E:\U2\t11.dbf‘  autoextend on;数据库已更改。SQL> --删除表空间SQL> drop  tablespace t11;表空间已删除。SQL> select * from v$tablespace;SQL> --只是删除了表空间  但是数据文件还在SQL> --删除表空间的同时，删除数据文件 SQL> drop  tablespace t11 including contents and datafiles;

SQL> --创建用户 并且分配默认的表空间  如果没有指定 则在users表空间中SQL> create  user wym identified by wym default tablespace t10 ;用户已创建。SQL> --授权SQL> grant connect,resource to t11;授权成功。SQL> --切换用户SQL> conn  wym/wym;SQL> conn / as sysdba;已连接。SQL> --使用dba  查询所有的用户名以及默认的表空间   SQL> select username,default_tablespace from dba_users;--更换用户的默认表空间alter user 用户名  default tablespace 表空间的名称！--修改用户名密码SQL> alter user 用户名 identified by 新密码SQL> --删除用户  以及相关的所有信息SQL> drop  user t11 cascade;

create table DEPT(  deptno NUMBER(2) not null,  dname  VARCHAR2(20),  loc    VARCHAR2(13));  alter table DEPT  add constraint PK_DEPT primary key (DEPTNO);create table TEACHER(  tno       NUMBER(4) not null,  tname     VARCHAR2(30) not null,  tid       CHAR(18),  gendar    CHAR(3),  birthdate DATE,  job       VARCHAR2(20),  hiredate  DATE,  sal       NUMBER(7,2),  deptno    NUMBER(2),  mgrno     NUMBER(4),  comm      NUMBER(7,2)); insert into DEPT (deptno, dname, loc)values (40, ‘人力部‘, ‘北京海淀‘);insert into DEPT (deptno, dname, loc)values (30, ‘产品部‘, ‘北京海淀‘);insert into DEPT (deptno, dname, loc)values (20, ‘招生部‘, ‘上海虹桥‘);insert into DEPT (deptno, dname, loc)values (10, ‘研究院‘, ‘北京海淀‘);insert into DEPT (deptno, dname, loc)values (50, ‘系统部‘, ‘北京昌平‘);commit;insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1002, ‘赵辉‘, ‘110101760609001   ‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘09-06-1976‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘23-05-2006 02:40:40‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 29370.95, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1003, ‘杨利乐‘, ‘110101198705256045‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘25-05-1987‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7134.32, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1004, ‘王益辉‘, ‘110101199108154770‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘15-08-1991‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘16-01-2012 03:12:43‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 30737.36, 20, null, 2300.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1006, ‘秦璐璐‘, ‘110101199004153068‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘14-04-1990‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘20-06-2012 00:47:09‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 9013.25, 10, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1007, ‘梁改焕‘, ‘110101196911206548‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘20-11-1969‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘13-06-2006 23:07:02‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 8664.16, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1008, ‘冯爱仙‘, ‘110101196804021521‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘02-04-1968‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘06-06-2006 13:41:50‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 29936.29, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1009, ‘秦亚杰‘, ‘110101196312163531‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘16-12-1963‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘13-07-2005 06:32:30‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24991.44, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1010, ‘刘浩星‘, ‘110101198806283516‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘28-06-1988‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 22645.92, null, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1011, ‘秦春叶‘, ‘110101197103033540‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘03-03-1971‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘07-07-2007 16:02:04‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 31653.23, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1012, ‘陈水花‘, ‘110101192811043026‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘04-11-1928‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘29-01-2005 23:21:59‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 29773.37, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1013, ‘马付妮‘, ‘110101195806133522‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘13-06-1958‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘17-11-2004 08:54:04‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 17041.60, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1015, ‘刘得安‘, ‘110101195210083518‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘08-10-1952‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘13-03-2005 23:25:37‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 30356.99, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1016, ‘高利芹‘, ‘110101198307276020‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘27-07-1983‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 25751.36, null, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1017, ‘刘志刚‘, ‘110101197806164493‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘16-06-1978‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘10-05-2008 13:46:33‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 22344.73, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1018, ‘高心立‘, ‘110101194102076011‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘07-02-1941‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘03-03-2005 15:17:07‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 19981.02, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1019, ‘徐丽‘, ‘11010119790809354X‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘09-08-1979‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘09-12-2009 18:37:22‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 10950.33, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1021, ‘刘志红‘, ‘110101196504284452‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘28-04-1965‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘20-09-2011 10:51:33‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7122.60, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1022, ‘孔鹏飞‘, ‘110101198603304014‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘30-03-1986‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘人力资源师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7045.28, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1023, ‘李建坡‘, ‘110101731107301   ‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘07-11-1973‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘04-07-2009 06:28:20‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 21133.91, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1024, ‘冯爱敏‘, ‘110101196907283840‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘18-07-1969‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘12-09-2005 22:41:06‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 3360.91, 20, null, 50000.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1025, ‘薛栓成‘, ‘110101400710051   ‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘10-07-1940‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘03-09-2007 14:55:06‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 12136.65, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1026, ‘牛伟伟‘, ‘11010119851120602X‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘20-11-1985‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 6622.66, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1027, ‘郭香云‘, ‘110101196010154525‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘15-10-1960‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘03-05-2005 13:01:22‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 26436.18, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1028, ‘朱花枝‘, ‘110101195605154028‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘15-05-1956‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘11-09-2007 07:41:01‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 10095.22, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1029, ‘李岗‘, ‘110101196505163095‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘16-05-1965‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘09-11-2007 17:26:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 23928.84, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1030, ‘李军会‘, ‘110101197706152524‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘15-06-1977‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘12-05-2007 19:48:21‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 3492.19, 20, null, 25000.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1031, ‘孙龙举‘, ‘110101198908306037‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘30-08-1989‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 4323.84, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1032, ‘韩朝旭‘, ‘110101199003270513‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘27-03-1900‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘人力资源师‘, to_date(‘11-09-2010 17:54:30‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 13740.92, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1033, ‘孙少光‘, ‘110101198809274535‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘27-09-1988‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 19778.62, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1035, ‘邓香敏‘, ‘110101196607163109‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘16-07-1966‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘人力资源师‘, to_date(‘12-04-2007 17:47:14‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 29463.38, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1037, ‘霍振方‘, ‘110101198411070014‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘07-11-1984‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 23731.31, 40, 1087, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1038, ‘许双鸽‘, ‘110101781217004   ‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘17-12-1978‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘05-09-2007 18:45:00‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 16512.52, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1040, ‘张春红‘, ‘110101197806176089‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘17-06-1978‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘21-11-2004 06:52:30‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 31728.83, 10, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1041, ‘卢玉莲‘, ‘110101510606004   ‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘06-06-1951‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘人力资源师‘, to_date(‘30-03-2009 17:05:45‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 17596.43, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1042, ‘李军会‘, ‘110101197706152524‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘15-06-1977‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘13-06-2008 03:24:47‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 8443.59, 50, 1008, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1043, ‘朱水娃‘, ‘110101195210033512‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘03-10-1952‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘11-10-2009 03:40:53‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 9123.09, 30, 1008, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1045, ‘高大荣‘, ‘110101195504073528‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘07-04-1955‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘07-12-2005 14:56:05‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 4000.00, 10, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1046, ‘秦付根‘, ‘110101195301034035‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘03-01-1953‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘10-12-2004 22:51:51‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 16420.33, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1047, ‘樊增妮‘, ‘110101410715352   ‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘15-07-1941‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘02-12-2005 14:41:54‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 13316.01, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1048, ‘宋素敏‘, ‘11010119720111458X‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘11-02-1972‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘26-09-2004 12:15:57‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 2142.92, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1049, ‘李记‘, ‘110101194803256012‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘25-03-1948‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘23-03-2006 19:12:45‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 13866.09, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1050, ‘秦单风‘, ‘110101198911153625‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘15-11-1989‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘21-10-2012 05:31:34‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 21419.38, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1051, ‘秦占豪‘, ‘110101198509034011‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘03-09-1985‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 31564.79, 40, 1087, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1054, ‘张利娟‘, ‘110101197901173062‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘17-01-1979‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘08-05-2011 22:37:13‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7419.99, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1055, ‘陈向琼‘, ‘11010119871010354X‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘10-10-1987‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 4000.00, 10, 1087, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1056, ‘杨晓磊‘, ‘110101199105106079‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘10-05-1991‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘05-04-2012 22:16:05‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 20812.41, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1057, ‘黄芳菊‘, ‘110101196611133520‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘13-11-1966‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘04-07-2008 17:36:20‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 12711.46, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1058, ‘李红勤‘, ‘110101197209084047‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘08-09-1972‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘01-03-2007 05:57:34‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 21119.95, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1060, ‘薛栓成‘, ‘110101400710051   ‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘10-07-1940‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘22-08-2007 08:06:47‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24544.66, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1061, ‘高发娃‘, ‘110101192905226032‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘22-05-1929‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘12-12-2004 22:49:04‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 23458.34, 10, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1062, ‘李新昌‘, ‘110101196403106013‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘10-03-1964‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘01-04-2011 18:00:33‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 18605.46, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1065, ‘赵永刚‘, ‘110101197507310014‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘31-07-1975‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘05-12-2009 15:00:29‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 3155.96, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1067, ‘冯世伟‘, ‘110101198811154532‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘15-11-1988‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 17854.88, 40, 1087, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1068, ‘张延付‘, ‘110101197005233514‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘23-05-1970‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘21-05-2009 10:16:16‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24294.43, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1070, ‘陈粉‘, ‘110101195801206040‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘20-01-1958‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘29-06-2011 21:27:04‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 17708.56, 20, null, 600.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1071, ‘张根祥‘, ‘110101194412126513‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘12-12-1944‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘06-10-2006 12:14:34‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 8802.52, null, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1074, ‘李秋彩‘, ‘110101197411186020‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘18-11-1974‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘09-04-2005 01:11:29‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 19315.97, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1075, ‘李建玲‘, ‘110101198110164423‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘16-10-1981‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 9023.25, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1076, ‘张仙‘, ‘110101530824316   ‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘24-08-1953‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘09-05-2011 11:15:29‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 8654.83, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1077, ‘朱金典‘, ‘110101196810023531‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘02-10-1968‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘11-01-2008 11:13:31‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 6687.97, 20, null, 2700.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1079, ‘孙玉环‘, ‘110101195006056047‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘05-06-1950‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘17-11-2008 12:48:12‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7490.24, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1080, ‘邢中景‘, ‘110101198208284519‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘28-08-1982‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24990.57, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1081, ‘韩巧真‘, ‘110101198404190026‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘19-04-1984‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘人力资源师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 9880.26, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1084, ‘杜巧琴‘, ‘110101196201036089‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘03-01-1962‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘13-01-2011 16:11:23‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 21655.36, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1085, ‘席妞娃‘, ‘110101194601154026‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘15-01-1946‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘15-08-2008 06:36:11‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24615.12, 20, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1087, ‘薛素粉‘, ‘110101196701044528‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘04-01-1967‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘讲师‘, to_date(‘10-09-2007 06:07:14‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 12357.56, null, 1008, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1088, ‘王雪英‘, ‘110101193311264521‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘26-11-1933‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘18-02-2006 23:37:15‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 23670.53, 10, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1089, ‘刘秀菊‘, ‘110101530414306   ‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘14-04-1953‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘11-09-2004 18:17:49‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 22608.20, null, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1090, ‘刘芳芳‘, ‘110101198912216025‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘21-12-1989‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘10-10-2012 00:24:11‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 9749.45, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1091, ‘郝方方‘, ‘110101198605165580‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘16-05-1986‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 5944.72, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1092, ‘赵利萍‘, ‘110101196712063564‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘06-12-1967‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘01-08-2006 17:26:08‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 4575.09, 30, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1093, ‘杨联星‘, ‘110101195312284013‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘28-12-1953‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘考试专员‘, to_date(‘27-10-2009 08:41:47‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 24545.93, 40, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1094, ‘冯焕‘, ‘110101194205093524‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘09-05-1942‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘运维工程师‘, to_date(‘27-09-2010 18:25:55‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 21391.42, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1096, ‘杨晓雨‘, ‘110101198910070043‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘07-10-1989‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘营销专员‘, to_date(‘07-08-2013 05:49:14‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 4161.31, 20, null, 2322.00);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1097, ‘柴帅友‘, ‘110101198510254038‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘25-10-1985‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘网络营销师‘, to_date(‘24-11-2011 16:08:38‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 7805.94, 50, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1098, ‘韩国强‘, ‘110101621016003   ‘, ‘男‘, to_date(‘16-10-1962‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘研发‘, to_date(‘01-09-2007 12:30:52‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 13755.87, null, null, null);insert into TEACHER (TNO, TNAME, TID, GENDAR, BIRTHDATE, JOB, HIREDATE, SAL, DEPTNO, MGRNO, COMM)values (1099, ‘王参妮‘, ‘11010119490831352X‘, ‘女‘, to_date(‘31-08-1949‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy‘), ‘岗位分析师‘, to_date(‘11-10-2005 13:17:18‘, ‘dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss‘), 26627.94, 30, null, null);commit;

--创建表create table teacher(tNo number(4) not null,tName varchar2(20) not null,birthday date);--查询当前用户下面所有的表select * from tab;--查询表中的数据select * from teacher;--01.给表中新增两个字段alter table teacher add(sal number(7,2),wechat varchar2(20));--02.修改字段的属性alter table teacher modify(tName varchar2(10));--03.删除一个字段alter table teacher drop column wechat;--04.新增主键alter table teacher add constraint pk_teacher_tno  primary key(tno);--05.添加唯一约束alter  table teacher add constraint uk_teacher_tname unique(tname);--06.增加一个性别字段alter table teacher add(sax char(2));--07.修改字段的名称alter  table  teacher   rename column sax to sex;--08.增加sex字段的检查约束alter table teacher add constraint ck_teacher_sex check(sex in(‘男‘,‘女‘));--09.删除检查约束alter table teacher drop constraint ck_teacher_sex;--10.创建外键约束 在student 从表中创建create  table  student(sNo  number(4) not null primary key,tNum  number(4) not null)alter  table  student add constraint fk_teacher_student foreign key(tNum)references teacher(tNo);

--sql  分类DDL 数据定义语言  create  alter drop  truncateDML 数据操作语言  insert delete update  selectTCL  事务控制语言  commit rollback DCL 数据控制语言grant revoke--创建序列create sequence sq_teacher_tno  --序列的名称start with 10   --开始的位置increment by 1   --递增的序列值maxvalue 9999999999   --设置最大值--是否循环  cycle  |  nocycle  --是否保存到内存中   cache| nocache--查询创建的序列信息select * from user_sequences;--查询序列的当前值select SQ_TEACHER_TNO.Currval from dual;--查询序列的下个值select SQ_TEACHER_TNO.nextval from dual;--使用序列新增数据insert into teacher(tno,tname)  values(SQ_TEACHER_TNO.Nextval,‘小黑2‘)--dual确实是一个表,只有一个字段select * from dual;select 99*99 from dual;select sysdate from dual;select to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy-MM-dd hh:mi:ss‘) from dual;--sql标准 规定！  select 语句中必须要有from ! 就是用dual来--当作一个伪表！也就是查询的信息不存在任何一个表中的时候！

--导入sql  语句  01.cmd   02.sqlplus 用户名/密码  03.@ sql语句的地址  --01.查询老师的姓名和对应导师的姓名   自连接select t1.tname as 老师姓名,t2.tname as 导师的姓名from teacher t1,teacher t2where t1.mgrno=t2.tno--02. 查询老师姓名，部门名称和部门编号select tname,dname,dept.deptnofrom teacher,dept where teacher.deptno=dept.deptno--03.查询 姓 王 的老师信息  _代表一个字符  %select * from teacherwhere tname like ‘王%‘select * from teacherwhere tname like ‘王_‘--04.查询陈老师和王老师的薪水和姓名select tname,sal from teacherwhere tname like ‘陈%‘ or tname like ‘王%‘--05.给所有姓王的老师 增加薪水update teacher set sal=sal+20000where tname like ‘王%‘--06.删除所有的teacher表中的数据  ! 表结构还在delete  from teacher--07.删除表！ 包含数据和表结构drop table dept--08.回忆外键约束  建立在从表中alter table teacher add constraint fk_teacher_deptnoforeign key(deptno)references dept(deptno)--09.查询女姓老师的编号和姓名select tno,tname from teacherwhere gendar=‘女‘--10.查询薪水在10K-20k之间的老师编号，姓名  薪水select tno,tname,sal from teacherwhere sal between 10000 and 20000--11.查询职位是 讲师或者研发的老师姓名  按照薪水的降序排列select tname,sal,job from teacherwhere job in(‘讲师‘,‘研发‘)order by sal desc--12.查询部门所有数据的insert语句select ‘insert into dept values(‘||deptno||‘,‘‘‘||dname||‘‘‘,‘‘‘||loc||‘‘‘);‘from dept

--子查询  查询的结果集 被当作 另一个查询语句的表 --01.查询招生部 所有男老师的姓名select  tname,dname from teacher,deptwhere teacher.deptno=dept.deptnoand teacher.gendar=‘男‘  and dept.dname=‘招生部‘--子查询实现select  tname,deptno from teacherwhere deptno=(select deptno from dept where dname=‘招生部‘)and gendar=‘男‘--02.查询老师姓名和对应的部门名称   使用子查询？？？！  --不使用别名 会默认把子查询语句作为列名select tname,(select dname from dept where deptno=teacher.deptno) as 部门from  teacher--03.查询在招生部以及人力部门的老师信息select * from teacherwhere deptno in(select deptno from dept where dname in(‘招生部‘,‘人力部‘))--使用exists 代替in   使用not exists 代替 not in--exists 并不是返回一个结果集  返回true 或者falseselect * from teacherwhere  exists (select deptno from dept where  deptno=teacher.deptno and dname in(‘招生部‘,‘人力部‘))

--01. 子查询   查询招生部门所有的男老师姓名select tname,(select dname from dept where deptno=teacher.deptno) as 部门名称from teacherwhere deptno=(select deptno from dept where dname=‘招生部‘)and gendar=‘男‘--01. 使用内连接  01 查询招生部门所有的男老师姓名select tname,dnamefrom teacher t,dept dwhere t.deptno=d.deptnoand gendar=‘男‘ and dname=‘招生部‘--01. 使用内连接  02查询招生部门所有的男老师姓名select tname,dnamefrom teacher t inner join dept don t.deptno=d.deptnowhere gendar=‘男‘ and dname=‘招生部‘--02.自连接  查询老师的姓名 和导师的姓名select t1.tname 老师姓名,t2.tname 导师姓名from teacher t1,teacher t2where t1.mgrno=t2.tno--03.使用左外链接查询老师的姓名，对应导师的姓名 以及部门select  t1.tname 老师姓名,t2.tname 导师姓名,d.dname 部门名称from  teacher t1 left join teacher t2on t1.mgrno=t2.tnoleft join  dept don t1.deptno=d.deptno--使用内连接select  t1.tname 老师姓名,t2.tname 导师姓名,d.dname 部门名称from teacher t1,teacher t2,dept dwhere  t1.mgrno=t2.tno and t1.deptno=d.deptno--04.左外链接  以左表为准   右表中没有匹配的数据 返回空select * from teacher t1 left join dept don t1.deptno=d.deptno--05.右外链接  以右表为准   左表中没有匹配的数据  不显示select * from teacher t1 right join dept don t1.deptno=d.deptno

--01.substr 字符串的截取  从第1个位置查询 到第3个位置结束select substr(‘world‘,1,3) from dual;--从第1个位置查询之后的所有select substr(‘world‘,1) from dual;--会把字符串转换成数字  如果不能转换就不能查询select substr(‘world‘,‘1‘) from dual;--02.instr 查询字符在 字符串中的下标！  从1开始 没有 返回0select instr(‘world‘,‘o‘) from dual;--03.to_char把日期转换成指定格式的字符串  hh24小时制select to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) from dual;select to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy"年"-MM"月"-dd"日" hh24:mi:ss‘) from dual;--04.to_date把字符串转换成指定格式的日期select to_date(‘2017-02-28 11:16:56‘,‘yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) from dual;--05.nvl(e1,e2) e1代表列名 e2替换空的值--如果e1位空则返回e2, 如果不会空直接返回当前的值select nvl(mgrno,500) from teacher--06.nvl2(e1,e2,e3) 如果e1位空则返回e3 不为空返回e2select nvl2(mgrno,10000,500) from teacher--07.decode(value,if1,then1,if2,then2.....,else)-- 如果value的值等于if1，返回then1-- 如果value的值等于if2，返回then2--如果value的值不等于任何if，则返回elseselect decode(mgrno,null,0,1008,5000,1) from teacher

--  聚合函数--查询总记录数 count(1) 替换count(*)select count(1)  from teacher--查询薪水总和select sum(sal)  from teacher--查询最高薪水select max(sal)  from teacher--查询最低薪水select min(sal)  from teacher--查询平均薪水select avg(sal)  from teacher--查询各个部门的 编号，薪水（平均，最高，总和）-- 按照部门的总薪水进行  降序排列select deptno,avg(sal),max(sal),sum(sal)from teachergroup by deptnoorder by sum(sal) desc-- 再增加一个条件  （部门人数在10人以上）select deptno,avg(sal),max(sal),sum(sal)from teachergroup by deptnohaving count(deptno)>10order by sum(sal) desc--验证我们的  部门编号 为空的select count(1)  from teacher where deptno is null 

--分析函数--01.rank()：具有相等值的  排位相同，但是之后的排名跳跃select sal,tname from teacher order by salselect sal,tname,rank()  over(order by sal) 薪水排名from teacher--02.dense_rank()：具有相等值的  排位相同，之后的排名连续select sal,tname,dense_rank()  over(order by sal) 薪水排名from teacher--03.row_number():不管值是否相等，排名都是连续的select sal,tname,row_number()  over(order by sal) 薪水排名from teacher-- 查询各个部门（按照部门查询）的教师薪水 降序后的结果-- partition by deptno 按照部门进行分组select deptno,tname,sal,rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal desc) 薪水排名from teacher--  rank()/dense rank()/ row_number()  over(partition by 分组的字段  order by 排序的字段 desc（降序）/asc(默认升序))

-- 联合查询--01.union 并集（两个结果集中所有的数据） 重复数据显示一次select  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1020unionselect  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1025--02.union  all并集（两个结果集中所有的数据） 重复数据显示多次select  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1020union allselect  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1025--03.intersect 交集（取两个结果集中公共的数据）select  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1020intersect select  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1025--04.补集 minus  a>b  取a-bselect  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1025minusselect  tno  from  teacher  where  tno<1020--伪列：没有存储在真正的表中，但是，可以在表中查询，不能进行增删改操作！-- rowid:表中行的存储地址！ A-Za-z0-9+/ 第二位变成B  依次类推select rowid from teacherselect rowid,tname from teacher where rowid=‘AAASRxAAGAAAAJ7AAA‘--rownum：查询返回结果集中 行的编号！  分页的时候使用--rownum只能对=1或者<n进行操作！--对于>n这种结果怎么查询？--01.建立临时表--02.让伪列rownum成为临时表中真正的列--03.使用伪列的别名进行操作--查询教师表中 薪水最高的前5名select tname,rownum from teacher order by sal desc--上面的sql执行后 有rownum 是乱序的--那么我们就重新分配rownum--怎么重新分配？  再次查询  查询的表就是上面的sqlselect tname,rownum from (select * from teacher order by sal desc)where rownum<6--执行上面的sql后 发现 rownum 有序了  而且是薪水的降序排列select * from (select * from teacher order by sal desc)where rownum<6  -- 得到薪水的前5名--查询教师表中第5名的select * from (select * from teacher order by sal desc)where rownum=5    -- 不可行select * from(select  t.*,dense_rank() over(order by sal desc) ranks from teacher t)where ranks=5-- 查询6-10条信息  --01.使用分析函数select * from(select  t.*,dense_rank() over(order by sal desc) ranks from teacher t)where ranks>5 and ranks<11--02.三层嵌套select * from teacher order by sal desc-- rownum是乱序 但是薪水已经降序排列了select t.*,rownum rw from (select * from teacher order by sal desc) t-- 我们把上面的sql　当成一个临时表-- rownum 进行了重新排序！--接下来  就开始查询select * from (select t.*,rownum rw  from(select * from teacher order by sal desc) t)where rw>5 and rw<11

-- View:视图（虚表），不占用物理空间！ --  如果没有权限 -- 使用dba登录  grant  create any  view to 用户名;create or replace  view  teacher_viewas select tname,sal from teacher--  查询视图select * from teacher_view

--问题描述：在scott用户下创建视图的时候，报错：权限不足。（其他用户以此类推）--解决方法：--1，以dba用户登录sqlplus / as sysdba  --2，赋予scott用户创建VIEW的权限grant create view to scott  --3，以scott用户登录oracleconn scott/tiger  --4，创建视图成功CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myview AS      SELECT * FROM emp where deptno = 20;  

--PL/SQL (Procedural  Language) 过程化sql语言！ 在原本的sql语句上 添加了 逻辑判断--循环等操作！   在数据库 执行pl/sql程序时，pl/sql和sql语句时分别进行解析和执行的！--语法结构     :=  就是赋值语句--01.declare   可选部分  声明 ： 变量， 异常，游标...--02.begin     必要部分   书写：sql语句 和pl/sql语句--03.exception  可选部分   针对出现异常时候的处理--04.end       必要部分 -- 根据指定老师的编号查询薪水  输出一个结果declare   v_name  teacher.tname%type;  v_sal   teacher.sal%type;  v_result  varchar2(30);begin    select t.tname,t.sal into v_name,v_sal from teacher t where  tno=1002;   --根据薪水   得到不同的返回结果    if v_sal>=2000 and v_sal<=10000 then      v_result:=‘还可以吧‘;    elsif v_sal>10000 and v_sal<=40000 then      v_result:=‘真可以‘;    elsif v_sal>40000 then      v_result:=‘牛牛牛‘;    else       v_result:=‘咩咩‘;    end if;      dbms_output.put_line(v_name||‘:‘||v_sal||‘=====‘||v_result);        --根据 v_result的值 输出不同的结果    case v_result      when ‘还可以吧‘ then         dbms_output.put_line(v_name||‘工资在2k到10k‘);      when  ‘真可以‘ then          dbms_output.put_line(v_name||‘工资在10k到40k‘);      when ‘牛牛牛‘ then         dbms_output.put_line(v_name||‘工资在40k以上‘);        else             dbms_output.put_line(v_name||‘工资2k以下‘);      end case;       end;

--循环结构--01.loop 语法   loop     执行的语句;     exit when 条件;   end loop;   declare i number;begin  i:=1;  loop    dbms_output.put_line(i);    i:=i+1;    exit when i>50;   end loop;end;    --02.while  语法  while 条件  loop   执行的语句;  end loop;declare i number;begin  i:=1;  while i<=50 loop    dbms_output.put_line(i);    i:=i+1;     end loop;end;--03.for 语法for 变量 in  范围（上限，下限）loop  执行的语句; end loop;declare i number;begin for i in 1..50   loop    dbms_output.put_line(i);    end loop;end;

--游标:是系统给我们用户 开设一个数据缓冲区！ 存放的是sql语句执行的结果！--每个游标区都有一个名字，用户通过游标一行一行的获取记录！--01.隐式游标  在我们Pl/sql中，程序执行sql语句时 自动创建！ ====>sql--02.显示游标  可以返回多行的查询！--03.REF游标   用于处理运行时才能确定的动态sql 查询结果--隐式游标属性   --01.sql%found   影响了一行或者多行 都返回 true   --02.sql%notfound   没有影响行数   返回 true   --03.sql%rowcount    sql语句影响的行数   --04.sql%isopen    游标是否打开，始终为falsedeclare  tname  teacher.tname%type; --声明一个变量  cursor teacher_cursor  is  select tname from teacher; --声明游标begin   open teacher_cursor;  --打开游标    fetch teacher_cursor into tname;   --循环输出tname   while teacher_cursor%found     loop       dbms_output.put_line(‘教师的姓名====‘||tname);       fetch teacher_cursor into tname;     end loop;   close teacher_cursor;--关闭游标end;  

--触发器  :old 代表之前的值  :new 更改之后现在的值  这两个值  只能在 for each row 中使用 update语句  :old   :newinsert语句  :newdelete语句  :old   --创建一个teacher_log （只要有人动teacher表，数据就会记录在teacher_log表中）create table teacher_log(logid number not null,old_value varchar2(200),create_date date,log_type number,tno number)--给logid设置主键alter  table teacher_log add constraint pk_teacher_logid primary key(logid);--创建序列create sequence sq_teacher_logidminvalue 1maxvalue 999999999start with 1increment by 1cache 20;--创建触发器 or replace 如果存在 则 修改create or replace  trigger tr_teacherafter insert or update or delete --会在增删改之后 触发on teacher for each row--声明declarev_old_value teacher_log.old_value%type;v_type      teacher_log.log_type%type;v_tno       teacher_log.tno%type;begin  if inserting then    v_type:=1; --新增    v_tno :=:new.tno;    v_old_value:=:new.tno||‘=====‘||:new.tname;   elsif deleting then    v_type:=2; --删除    v_tno :=:old.tno;    v_old_value:=:old.tno||‘=====‘||:old.tname;   else    v_type:=3; --修改    v_tno :=:old.tno;    v_old_value:=:old.tno||‘=====‘||:old.tname||‘====‘||:new.sal;  end if;  --将记录写入到 teacher_log insert into teacher_log values (sq_teacher_logid.nextval,v_old_value,sysdate,v_type,v_tno); end tr_teacher;

--函数 functioncreate or replace function fn_teacher_tid(f_tid varchar2) return varchar2isf_result  teacher.tid%type;begin    if length(f_tid)!=18  then      dbms_output.put_line(‘身份证不正确‘);      else       dbms_output.put_line(‘身份证正确‘);      end if;    --给返回值赋值    f_result:=substr(f_tid,1,6)||‘********‘||substr(f_tid,15);    return f_result;end fn_teacher_tid;  --调用函数select fn_teacher_tid(110101198603304014) from dual;

--存储过程   一组完成特定功能的sql语句集-- 新增教师   身份证不满足要求 报错create or  replace   procedure pro_add_teacher(p_tno teacher.tno%type,p_tname  teacher.tname%type,p_tid  teacher.tid%type,p_sal  teacher.sal%type)ise_tid_validate exception;begin  if length(p_tid)!=18  --判断身份证号不满足18位    then  --抛出异常      raise e_tid_validate;  end if;    --新增  insert into teacher(tno,tname,tid,sal)  values(p_tno,p_tname,p_tid,p_sal);  --手动提交事务  commit;  --对异常进行处理exception    when e_tid_validate then      dbms_output.put_line(‘请输入正确的身份证号‘);      when others then          dbms_output.put_line(‘其他的异常‘);end pro_add_teacher;      --调用存储过程  call pro_add_teacher(2001,‘小黑黑‘,‘123456789123456789‘,5000);