JAVA 并发编程之线程管理2

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JAVA 并发编程之线程管理2

2024-08-05 09:23:14 219人阅读

今天，我们注重分析下Thread类。这个类有一些信息的属性。这些属性可以用来标识线程，显示线程的状态或者控制线程的优先级。

ID：保存了线程的唯一标识。

Name:保存了线程的名称

Priority:保存了线程的优先级。

Status:保存了线程的状态。java中线程的状态有：new,runnable,blocked,waiting,time waiting或者terminated.

现在，编写一个程序为10个线程指定名称和优先级，并且输出他们的状态信息直到线程结束。每个线程都将计算一个数字的乘法表。

1.创建一个名为Calculator的类，并实现了Runnable接口。

public class Calculator implements Runnable{}

2.声明一个名int类型私有变量number，并编写类的构造器，来为属性number设置值。

private int number;
       public Calculator(int number){
           this.number=number;
   }

3.编写run方法。这个方法来执行我们创建线程的指令。

public void run(){
           for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
               System.out.printf("%s: %d * %d =%d \n",Thread.currentThread().getName(),number,i,i*number);
           }
   }

4.编写一个名为Main的主类。同时创建main()方法。

public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args){}}

5.创建一个容量为10的线程数组，用来存储线程；创建一个容量为10的Thread.Status数组，以用来存放这10个线程运行的状态。

Thread threads[]=new Thread[10];
Thread.State status[]=new Thread.State[10];

6.创建一个容量为10的Calculator对象数组，为每个对象都设置不同的数字，然后用他们作为Thread构造器的参数来创建10个线程对象，并且将5个线程优先级设置为最高，另外5个线程优先级设置为最低。

   for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
           threads[i]=new Thread(new Calculator(i));
           if((i%2)==0){
               threads[i].setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
           }else{
               threads[i].setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
           }
           threads[i].setName("Thread"+i);
           }
7.创建一个PrintWriter对象，用来把线程的状态演变写入到文件中。

try(FileWriter file=new FileWriter(".\\data\\log.txt");
PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(file);){

8.把这10个线程的状态写入到文件中，现有的线程状态都是NEW，

     for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                       pw.println("Main : Status of Thread"+i+":"
                               +threads[i].getState());
                       status[i]=threads[i].getState();
                   }

9.开始执行这个10个线程

    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                       threads[i].start();
                   }
10.直到10个线程都运行完成，我们可以查看他们的状态。所有任务一个线程的状态发生了变化，我们就会讲它写入文件中

      boolean finish=false;
               while (!finish) {
                       for (int i=0; i<10; i++){
                            if (threads[i].getState()!=status[i]) {
                                writeThreadInfo(pw, threads[i],status[i]);
                                   status[i]=threads[i].getState();
                               }
                           }
         finish=true;
               for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                   finish=finish&&(threads[i].getState()==State.TERMINATED);
                   }

               }

11.编写writerThreadInfo()方法，用来写下线成的ID，名称，优先级，旧的状态和新的状态。

      private static void writeThreadInfo(PrintWriter pw, Thread thread, State state) {
       pw.printf("Main : Id %d - %s\n",thread.getId(),thread.getName());
       pw.printf("Main : Priority: %d\n",thread.getPriority());
       pw.printf("Main : Old State: %s\n",state);
       pw.printf("Main : New State: %s\n",thread.getState());
       pw.printf("Main : ************************************\n");
   }

12.运行结果：

Main : Status of Thread0:NEW

Main : Status of Thread1:NEW

Main : Status of Thread2:NEW

Main : Status of Thread3:NEW

Main : Status of Thread4:NEW

Main : Status of Thread5:NEW

Main : Status of Thread6:NEW

Main : Status of Thread7:NEW

Main : Status of Thread8:NEW

Main : Status of Thread9:NEW

Main : Id 9 - Thread0
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 11 - Thread2
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 12 - Thread3
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 13 - Thread4
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 16 - Thread7
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 17 - Thread8
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: NEW
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 13 - Thread4
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 9 - Thread0
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 13 - Thread4
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 12 - Thread3
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 11 - Thread2
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 11 - Thread2
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 17 - Thread8
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 16 - Thread7
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 17 - Thread8
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 17 - Thread8
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 12 - Thread3
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 12 - Thread3
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 9 - Thread0
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 9 - Thread0
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: BLOCKED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 15 - Thread6
Main : Priority: 10
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 14 - Thread5
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 18 - Thread9
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 16 - Thread7
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 16 - Thread7
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: RUNNABLE
Main : New State: TERMINATED
Main : ************************************
Main : Id 10 - Thread1
Main : Priority: 1
Main : Old State: BLOCKED
Main : New State: RUNNABLE
Main : ************************************

JAVA 并发编程之线程管理2

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