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一对一关联映射

人和身份证之间就是一个典型的一对一关联关系。实现一对一关联关系映射的方式有两种一种是基于外键,一种是基于主键,下面我们先看基于外键的关联方式

首先看他们的实体类

Person类

package entity; public class Person {    private Integer id;    private String name;    private IdCard idCard;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public IdCard getIdCard() {        return idCard;    }    public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) {        this.idCard = idCard;    }}

然后看IdCard类

package entity; public class IdCard {    private Integer id;    private String number;    private Person person;         public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getNumber() {        return number;    }    public void setNumber(String number) {        this.number = number;    }    public Person getPerson() {        return person;    }    public void setPerson(Person person) {        this.person = person;    }          }

这里在Person类和IdCard类中分别有一个对方类型的属性。

然后看他们之间的关联关系映射,首先看Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping>    <class name="entity.Person" table="Person" schema="MYHR">        <id name="id" type="int">            <column name="ID" />            <generator class="assigned" />        </id>        <property name="name" type="string">            <column name="NAME" not-null="true" />        </property>        <!-- idCard属性,IdCard类型,表达本类与IdCard的一对一关联 -->        <!-- 采用基于外键的一对一,本方无外键方 -->        <!-- property-ref属性:对方映射中外键类对应的属性名 -->        <one-to-one name="idCard" class="entity.IdCard" property-ref="person">         </one-to-one>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

 

然后看一下IdCard.hbm.xml文档

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="entity.IdCard" table="IdCard" schema="MYHR">        <id name="id">            <column name="ID"/>            <generator class="assigned" />        </id>        <property name="number">            <column name="NAME" not-null="true" />        </property>        <!-- person属性,Person类型,表示与Person类的一对一关联关系 -->        <!-- 采用基于外键的一对一关联方式,本方有外键 -->        <many-to-one name="person" column="personId" class="entity.Person" unique="true"></many-to-one>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

 

这样Person和IdCard之间的一对一关联关系就搭建好了

 

测试类

package test; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.Transaction; import entity.IdCard;import entity.Person;import factory.HibernateSessionFactory; public class Test {     private Session session = null;    private Transaction tran = null;    @org.junit.Test    public void save() {        session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();        tran = session.beginTransaction();        try{            //新建对象            Person p = new Person();            p.setId(1);            p.setName("张三");                         IdCard idCard = new IdCard();            idCard.setId(1);            idCard.setNumber("10001");                         p.setIdCard(idCard);            idCard.setPerson(p);                         session.save(p);            session.save(idCard);                         tran.commit();        }catch(Exception e){            tran.rollback();        }    }     @org.junit.Test    public void Get() {        session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();        tran = session.beginTransaction();        try{            Person person = (Person) session.get(Person.class, 1);            IdCard idCard = person.getIdCard();            System.out.println(person.getName()+"身份证号:"+idCard.getNumber());            tran.commit();        }catch(Exception e){            tran.rollback();        }    }    //解除关系    @org.junit.Test    public void RemoveRelation() {        session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();        tran = session.beginTransaction();        try{            //从有外键方接触关联关系可以,不可以从无外键方解除            IdCard idCard = (IdCard)session.get(IdCard.class, 1);            idCard.setPerson(null);            tran.commit();        }catch(Exception e){            tran.rollback();        }    }    //删除    @org.junit.Test    public void DeleteRelation() {        session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();        tran = session.beginTransaction();        try{            //如果没有关联对方,可以直接删除。             //如果有关联对方,且可以维护关联关系,他就会先删除关联关系,在删除自己。            //如果有关联关系,且不能维护关联关系,所以会执行删除自己,并且抛出异常。            IdCard idCard = (IdCard)session.get(IdCard.class, 1);            session.delete(idCard);            tran.commit();        }catch(Exception e){            tran.rollback();        }    }}

这就是基于外键方式,基于主键的方式只需要在以上基础修改一下映射文件即可,下面分别看一下修改后的映射文件

首先看Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="entity">    <class name="entity.Person" table="Person" schema="MYHR">        <id name="id" type="int">            <column name="ID" />            <generator class="assigned" />        </id>        <property name="name" type="string">            <column name="NAME" not-null="true" />        </property>        <!-- idCard属性,IdCard类型,表达本类与IdCard的一对一关联 -->        <!-- 采用基于主键的一对一,本方无外键方 -->        <one-to-one name="idCard" class="entity.IdCard"/>           </class></hibernate-mapping>

然后看IdCard.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package="entity">    <class name="entity.IdCard" table="IdCard" schema="MYHR">        <id name="id" type="int">            <column name="ID" />            <!-- 当使用基于主键的一对一映射时,有外键方的主键生成策略是foreign, -->            <!-- 参数property:生成主键值时所根据的对象 -->            <generator class="foreign">                <param name="property">person</param>            </generator>        </id>        <property name="number" type="string">            <column name="NAME" not-null="true" />        </property>        <!-- person属性,Person类型,表示与Person类的一对一关联关系 -->        <!-- 采用基于主键的一对一关联方式,本方有外键 -->        <one-to-one name="person" class="entity.Person"            constrained="true" />    </class></hibernate-mapping>

 

一对一关联映射