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c++开始学习2

慕课学习C++远征之离港篇

1、引用

 基本类型引用:int a = 3; int &b = a;

 结构体类型引用:typedef struct { int x; int y;}Coor;

         Coor c1; Coor &c = c1; c.x = 10; c.y = 20; cout << c1.x << c1.y;

 指针类型引用:int a = 10; int *p = &a; int *&q = p; *q = 20; cout << a << endl;

 函数引用:fun(int &a, int &b){ }   

      int x = 10, int y = 20;

        fun(x, y)

2、const

 基本类型:const int a = 10; // a为常量

 指针:const int *p = NULL; int const *p = NULL; 等价

    int * const p = NULL;

    const int * const p = NULL; int const * const p = NULL; 等价

 引用:int x = 10; const int &y = x; // x = 20;正确     // y = 20;错误

3、函数特性

 默认值,函数重载(同名函数),内联函数

4、内存管理

 申请:new,new *p = new int; new *arr = new int[10];块内存申请与释放。申请要判断是否为空(空为错)

 释放:delete,delete p; delete []arr; 释放要设空指针

c++开始学习2