环境描述

　　Windows 2012 R2，SharePoint 2013(没有sp1补丁)，sql server 2012

错误描述

　　搜索服务正常，但是爬网一直在Crawling Full，但是爬不到任何东西，而且不会停止，爬了一宿什么都没有爬到：

　　爬网不止，爬了一宿什么都没有爬到，错误如下：

 　　去15/logs里面找日志；
Non-OAuth request. IsAuthenticated=True, UserIdentityName=0#.w|domain\user, ClaimsCount=125 b5b2d49c-feb7-e08b-ecf7-28204da68508

UserAgent not available, file operations may not be optimized.    at Microsoft.SharePoint.SPFileStreamManager.CreateCobaltStreamContainer(SPFileStreamStore spfs, ILockBytes ilb, Boolean copyOnFirstWrite, Boolean disposeIlb)     at Microsoft.SharePoint.SPFileStreamManager.SetInputLockBytes(SPFileInfo& fileInfo, SqlSession session, PrefetchResult prefetchResult)     at Microsoft.SharePoint.CoordinatedStreamBuffer.SPCoordinatedStreamBufferFactory.CreateFromDocumentRowset(Guid databaseId, SqlSession session, SPFileStreamManager spfstm, Object[] metadataRow, SPRowset contentRowset, SPDocumentBindRequest& dbreq, SPDocumentBindResults& dbres)     at Microsoft.SharePoint.SPSqlClient.GetDocumentContentRow(Int32 rowOrd, Object ospFileStmMgr, SPDocumentBindRequest& dbreq, SPDocumentBindResults& dbres...

The crawler could not communicate with the server. Check that the server is available and that the firewall access is configured correctly.

　　事件查看器报错；
WebHost failed to process a request.
Sender Information: System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment+HostingManager/63363381
Exception: System.ServiceModel.ServiceActivationException: The service ‘/90ac4adbb96a4e89892b2ad7ab02da51/MetadataWebService.svc‘ cannot be activated due to an exception during compilation.  The exception message is: The farm is unavailable.. ---> System.InvalidOperationException: The farm is unavailable.
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.Claims.SPSecurityTokenServiceManager.get_Local()
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.IdentityModel.SPServiceIssuerNameRegistry..ctor()
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.SPServiceHostOperations.Configure(ServiceHostBase serviceHost, SPServiceAuthenticationMode authenticationMode)
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.Taxonomy.MetadataWebServiceHostFactory.CreateServiceHost(String constructorString, Uri[] baseAddresses)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.CreateService(String normalizedVirtualPath, EventTraceActivity eventTraceActivity)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.ActivateService(ServiceActivationInfo serviceActivationInfo, EventTraceActivity eventTraceActivity)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath, EventTraceActivity eventTraceActivity)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath, EventTraceActivity eventTraceActivity)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.EnsureServiceAvailableFast(String relativeVirtualPath, EventTraceActivity eventTraceActivity)
Process Name: w3wp
Process ID: 6004

解决方法

　　事件查看器错误，参考下面link解决，但是没有解决爬网的问题：

https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/ef415574-2e89-4fd9-8538-c49eef3366c6/searchservicesvc-cannot-be-activated-due-to-an-exception-during-compilation-the-exception?forum=sharepointsearch

　　经过一天的挣扎，终于决定删掉搜索服务，重建！经过重建，发现报错更严重了，搜索主机控制服务连不上了；然后，查看搜索主机控制服务，发现和搜索服务运行账号不是一个，更新成一个以后，搜索服务正常了，爬网也没有问题了！

其他参考

　　解决过程中，发现其他人遇到过类似问题，跟自己原因不同，备注下面给大家一个参考；

http://blog.csdn.net/abrahamcheng/article/details/11216087

SharePoint 2013 搜索报错"Unable to retrieve topology component health. This may be because the admin component is not up and running"