1、错误描写叙述

usage: java org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina [ -config {pathname} ] [ -nonaming ]  { -help | start | stop }
2014-7-12 11:48:27 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.29 using APR version 1.4.8.
2014-7-12 11:48:27 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
信息: OpenSSL successfully initialized (OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013)
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 1334 ms
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
2014-7-12 11:48:28 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.53
2014-7-12 11:48:29 org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci onStartup
信息: JSR 356 WebSocket (Java WebSocket 1.0) support is not available when running on Java 6. To suppress this message, run Tomcat on Java 7, remove the WebSocket JARs from $CATALINA_HOME/lib or add the WebSocketJARs to the tomcat.util.scan.DefaultJarScanner.jarsToSkip property in $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties. Note that the deprecated Tomcat 7 WebSocket API will be available. 
2014-7-12 11:48:30 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
信息: Deploying web application archive D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\blazeds.war
2014-7-12 11:48:31 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\docs
2014-7-12 11:48:31 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\examples
2014-7-12 11:48:32 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2014-7-12 11:48:32 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
2014-7-12 11:48:32 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: attributeAdded('org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache', 'org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache@98cbf7')
2014-7-12 11:48:32 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\FirstSSH
2014-7-12 11:48:35 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: No Spring WebApplicationInitializer types detected on classpath
2014-7-12 11:48:35 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
2014-7-12 11:48:35 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader initWebApplicationContext
信息: Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started
2014-7-12 11:48:35 org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Sat Jul 12 11:48:35 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
2014-7-12 11:48:36 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]
2014-7-12 11:48:36 org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer loadProperties
信息: Loading properties file from class path resource [jdbc.mysql.properties]
2014-7-12 11:48:36 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader initWebApplicationContext
严重: Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean definition with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Could not resolve placeholder 'spring.security.mapping.directory' in string value "${spring.security.mapping.directory}"
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PlaceholderConfigurerSupport.doProcessProperties(PlaceholderConfigurerSupport.java:211)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.processProperties(PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.java:220)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyResourceConfigurer.postProcessBeanFactory(PropertyResourceConfigurer.java:86)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:264)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:161)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:609)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4973)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5467)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
2014-7-12 11:48:36 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean definition with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Could not resolve placeholder 'spring.security.mapping.directory' in string value "${spring.security.mapping.directory}"
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PlaceholderConfigurerSupport.doProcessProperties(PlaceholderConfigurerSupport.java:211)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.processProperties(PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.java:220)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyResourceConfigurer.postProcessBeanFactory(PropertyResourceConfigurer.java:86)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:264)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:161)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:609)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4973)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5467)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
2014-7-12 11:48:36 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: 初始化上下文 '/FirstSSH' 的 Mojarra 2.0.3 (FCS b03)
2014-7-12 11:48:37 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048：有 PostConstruct/PreDestroy 凝视。标有这些凝视的 ManagedBeans 方法将表示凝视已处理。

2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Error listenerStart
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Context [/FirstSSH] startup failed due to previous errors
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader checkThreadLocalMapForLeaks
严重: The web application [/FirstSSH] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1] (value [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1@1885088]) and a value of type [java.util.HashMap] (value [{com.sun.faces.patternCache={ = }}]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. Threads are going to be renewed over time to try and avoid a probable memory leak.
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\host-manager
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\manager
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\ROOT
2014-7-12 11:48:37 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\StudentSystem
2014-7-12 11:48:39 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: 初始化上下文 '/StudentSystem' 的 Mojarra 2.0.3 (FCS b03)
2014-7-12 11:48:39 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048：有 PostConstruct/PreDestroy 凝视。
标有这些凝视的 ManagedBeans 方法将表示凝视已处理。
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Unable to locate configuration files of the name struts-plugin.xml, skipping
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Unable to locate configuration files of the name struts.xml, skipping
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ActionFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ResultFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ConverterFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.InterceptorFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ValidatorFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (jakarta) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser)
2014-7-12 11:48:40 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-7-12 11:48:40 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-7-12 11:48:40 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 11923 ms

2、错误原因

<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
			<list>
				<value>${spring.security.mapping.directory}</value>
				<value>${hibernate.mapping.directory}</value>
			</list>
		</property>

3、解决的方法