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Nginx负载均衡+mysql主从复制、读写分离+tomcat项目

Nginx负载均衡+mysql主从复制、读写分离+tomcat项目


架构:(因为资源有限,只有两台虚机)

1 192.168.137.3 Nginx、Mysql(主)、Tomcat1、Tomcat2

2 192.168.137.5 Mysql(从)


系统版本:centos 7


192.168.137.3

1、先安装 Nginx ,方便以后用


2、安装mysql

file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64


yum remove mariadb-libs


[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 

准备中...                          ################################# [100%]

正在升级/安装...

   1:MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.linux_glibc################################# [100%]

Can‘t locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/bin/mysql_install_db line 42.

BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/bin/mysql_install_db line 42.

[root@localhost local]# yum install ‘perl(Data::Dumper)‘

[root@localhost local]# rpm -e MySQL-server

[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 

准备中...                          ################################# [100%]

正在升级/安装...

   1:MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.linux_glibc################################# [100%]

一定要记得初始化!!!!!真是醉了

[root@localhost ~]# mysql_install_db


[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf


[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start                          

Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).


[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf  并在配置文件中添加log-error = /var/log/mysql.log ;log文件在初始化时生成

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start                 

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!


/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123123‘




3、安装tomcat


安装jdk

解压进入目录

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_09

CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/

PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH


[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_09]# vi /etc/profile

[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_09]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_09]# java -version

java version "1.7.0_09"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_09-b05)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.5-b02, mixed mode)


安装tomcat

解压进入目录

[root@localhost local]# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.44 tomcat

[root@localhost local]# vi /etc/profile

export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat


安装tomcat2

解压进入目录

[root@localhost local]# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.44 tomcat2

[root@localhost local]# vi /etc/profile

export TOMCAT_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat2


修改相应的端口

比如8081


关闭firewalld 客户端测试


192.168.137.5安装mysql(同上面安装一样)


4、配置mysql读写分离,先要设置主从

主mysql:


#GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,RELOAD,SUPER ON  *.* TO ‘cp‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123123‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;

注意:以上这行不能使用!!!!在配置读写分离的时候,操作数据库权限不够,用以下语句!!!!!!


grant all privileges on *.* to ‘cp‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘123123‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;



从mysql:

编辑配置文件

server-id = 222

relay-log = /data/relaylogs/relay-bin



mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.137.3‘,MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER=‘cp‘,MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123123‘,MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000004‘,MASTER_LOG_POS=2186726;


ERROR 29 (HY000): File ‘/data/relaylogs/relay-bin.index‘ not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)

上述原因是:/data/relaylogs/relay-bin.index这个文件没有找到,需要touch这个文件!!!!


上述命令成功后,start slave

然后用:show slave status\G  查看是否正确


问题1:在更改已经存在的库,从mysql报错Slave_SQL_Running: No


解决办法:

mysql> reset slave ;

mysql> stop slave ;

mysql> set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1;

mysql> start slave ;


问题2:在master上已经存在的数据库,无法同步到slave上


解决办法:

重新配置主从!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


重新配置主从---接着上面的操作

1、进入主库,进行锁表,防止数据写入

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

2、在从库上,直接备份远程数据库到本地目录下

mysqldump -h 192.168.137.3 -ucp -p123123 --databases erpBack >erpBack.bak.sql

3、在从库上,停止slave

mysql> stop slave ;

4、新建erpBack库,并导入数据

mysql> create database erpBack ;

mysql> use erpBack ;

mysql> source /root/erpBack.bak.sql

5、在主库上,解锁表;并查看二进制日志信息;并记录

mysql> unlock tables ;

mysql> show master status;

6、在从库上,重新配置连接信息

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.137.3‘,MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER=‘cp‘,MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123123‘,MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000006‘,MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

7、启动slave;查看主从状态

mysql> start slave ;

mysql> show slave status\G

8、在主库上,更新erpBack库数据;并在从库上查看是否运行正常!!

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes


问题3:第二天重启系统后,show slave status\G  显示错误:

Slave_IO_Running: No

Slave_SQL_Running: No

启动start slave,显示错误:

ERROR 29 (HY000): File ‘/data/relaylogs/relay-bin.index‘ not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)


解决:show master status; 重新配置主从

mysql> reset slave ;重置slave,再重新配置slave


mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.137.3‘,MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER=‘cp‘,MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123123‘,MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000009‘,MASTER_LOG_POS=467;


mysql> start slave ;

mysql> show slave status\G 查看是否正确



配置mysql读写分离,利用amoeba


https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/files/


下载最新版;并解压

unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.4-BETA-distribution.zip

mv amoeba-mysql-3.0.4-BETA amoeba

cd amoeba

chmod +x bin/


vi conf/amoeba.xml


#设置客户端连接的参数:端口、用户名、密码等信息

<property name="user">root</property>

<property name="password">root</property>


#设置主从的写与读;原配置文件以下内容是注释掉的,这里需要开启

<property name="writePool">server1</property>

<property name="readPool">server2</property>


vi conf/dbServers.xml

#这里设置连接主从数据库的参数:端口、数据库、用户名、密码


<!-- mysql port -->

                        <property name="port">3306</property>


                        <!-- mysql schema -->

                        <property name="schema">erpBack</property>


                        <!-- mysql user -->

                        <property name="user">cp</property>


                        <property name="password">123123</property>

eg:这里需要注意,主从mysql都需要开启远程访问功能,并设置的用户名与密码相同!!


#设置主从的ip地址;注意:本机的话也IP地址代替


        <dbServer name="server1"  parent="abstractServer">

                <factoryConfig>

                        <!-- mysql ip -->

                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.137.3</property>

                </factoryConfig>

        </dbServer>


        <dbServer name="server2"  parent="abstractServer">

                <factoryConfig>

                        <!-- mysql ip -->

                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.137.5</property>

                </factoryConfig>

        </dbServer>

启动amoeba

bin/launcher &


查看logs

tail -f logs/net.log

客户端测试:

mysql -h 192.168.137.3 -P8066 -uroot -proot



配置Nginx代理

#servers

    upstream  test.com {

ip_hash;

server    127.0.0.1:8080;

server    127.0.0.1:8081;

    }

#以上是每个请求按访问ip的hash结果分配,这样每个访客固定访问一个后端服务器,可以解决session的问题。


proxy_pass http://test.com;

proxy_redirect default;


最后,在客户端测试!



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Nginx负载均衡+mysql主从复制、读写分离+tomcat项目