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Javascript操作样式


1、修改样式

修改元素的样式是className属性

class是Javascript的一个保留字,属性不能用关键字、保留字,所以就变成了className了。

修改元素的样式

this.style.backgroundColor="red";

obj.style.cssFloat="right";

注意

(1)在css中的属性名在Javascript中操作的时候,属性名可能不一样,主要集中在那些属性名中含有-的属性,因为Javascript中-是不能做属性、类名的。

(2)不要写成

div1.style.width=80px;

而是应该写成(带有双引号)

div1.style.width="80px";


2、示例代码


2.1、示例代码:开关灯

方法一:使用style.backgroundColor

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload = function(){
            document.getElementById(‘btnOn‘).onclick=function(){
                document.body.style.backgroundColor = "";
            };
            document.getElementById(‘btnOff‘).onclick=function(){
                document.body.style.backgroundColor = "black";
            };
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="button" id="btnOn" value="http://www.mamicode.com/开灯"/>
    <input type="button" id="btnOff" value="http://www.mamicode.com/关灯"/>
</body>
</html>

方法二:使用className

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        .cls{
            background-color: black;
        }
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload = function(){
            document.getElementById(‘btnOn‘).onclick=function(){
                document.body.className="";
            };
            document.getElementById(‘btnOff‘).onclick=function(){
                document.body.className="cls";
            };
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="button" id="btnOn" value="http://www.mamicode.com/开灯"/>
    <input type="button" id="btnOff" value="http://www.mamicode.com/关灯"/>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享


2.2、示例代码:把层飘起来(使用cssFloat)

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload = function(){
            document.getElementById(‘btn‘).onclick=function(){
                document.getElementById(‘dv‘).style.cssFloat = "right";
            };
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="button" id="btn" value="http://www.mamicode.com/飘"/>
    <div id="dv" style="width:300px;height:180px;border:solid 1px red;"></div>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享


2.3、示例代码:在表格中,被点击的行高亮显示(背景为红色)


方式一

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload = function(){
            var tableObj = document.getElementById(‘tb‘);
            tableObj.style.borderCollapse = "collapse";
            tableObj.style.width = "300px";
            tableObj.style.height = "200px";
            tableObj.style.textAlign = "center";
            var trObjs = tableObj.getElementsByTagName(‘tr‘);
            for(var i=0;i<trObjs.length;i++)
            {
                trObjs[i].onclick = function(){
                    //所有行的背景色都设置为默认值
                    for(var j=0;j<trObjs.length;j++)
                    {
                        trObjs[j].style.backgroundColor = "";
                    }
                    //将当前点击的行的背景色设置为红色
                    this.style.backgroundColor = "red";
                };
            }
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <table id="tb" border="1">
        <tr><td>姓名</td><td>年龄</td></tr>
        <tr><td>lucy</td><td>12</td></tr>
        <tr><td>lily</td><td>12</td></tr>
        <tr><td>tom</td><td>13</td></tr>
        <tr><td>cat</td><td>1</td></tr>
        <tr><td>dog</td><td>2</td></tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享


方式二

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload = function(){
            var tableObj = document.getElementById(‘tb‘);
            tableObj.style.borderCollapse = "collapse";
            tableObj.style.width = "300px";
            tableObj.style.height = "200px";
            tableObj.style.textAlign = "center";
            var trObjs = tableObj.getElementsByTagName(‘tr‘);
            for(var i=0;i<trObjs.length;i++)
            {
                trObjs[i].onmouseover = function(){
                    this.style.backgroundColor = "red";
                };
                trObjs[i].onmouseout = function(){
                    this.style.backgroundColor = "white";
                };
            }
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <table id="tb" border="1">
        <tr><td>姓名</td><td>年龄</td></tr>
        <tr><td>lucy</td><td>12</td></tr>
        <tr><td>lily</td><td>12</td></tr>
        <tr><td>tom</td><td>13</td></tr>
        <tr><td>cat</td><td>1</td></tr>
        <tr><td>dog</td><td>2</td></tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享


2.4、示例代码:评估密码强度


密码的安全级别要求:

    弱密码:只由数字、字母或其他符号中的一种组成

    中度密码:由数字、字母或其他字符中的两种组成

    强密码:由数字、字母或其他字符3种以上组成

    密码少于6位安全级别降为1级


通过正则表达式的test方法

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function checkPassword(pwd)
        {
            var securityLevel = 0;
            var reg1 = /[0-9]/;
            var reg2 = /[a-zA-Z]/;
            var reg3 = /[^0-9a-zA-Z]/;
            if(reg1.test(pwd)){securityLevel++;}
            if(reg2.test(pwd)){securityLevel++;}
            if(reg3.test(pwd)){securityLevel++;}
            if(pwd.length>0 &&pwd.length<6){securityLevel = 1;}
            return securityLevel;
        }
        var setId = setInterval(function(){
            var pwd = document.getElementById(‘txt‘).value;
            var lvl = checkPassword(pwd);

            var tableObj = document.getElementById(‘tb‘);
            var tdObjs = tableObj.getElementsByTagName(‘td‘);
            for(var j=0;j<tdObjs.length;j++)
            {
                tdObjs[j].style.backgroundColor = "";
            }
            for(var i=0;i<lvl && i<tdObjs.length;i++)
            {
                tdObjs[i].style.backgroundColor = "red";
            }
        },30);
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" id="txt" value="" style="width:300px;height:30px;font-size: 30px;"/><br/>
    <table id="tb" border="1" style="width:300px;height:30px;margin:5px;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center;">
        <tr><td>弱</td><td>中</td><td>强</td></tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

通过字符串的match方法

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function checkPassword(pwd)
        {
            var securityLevel = 0;
            if(pwd.match(/[0-9]/)){securityLevel++;}
            if(pwd.match(/[a-zA-Z]/)){securityLevel++;}
            if(pwd.match(/[^0-9a-zA-Z]/)){securityLevel++;}
            if(pwd.length>0 &&pwd.length<6){securityLevel = 1;}
            return securityLevel;
        }
        var setId = setInterval(function(){
            var pwd = document.getElementById(‘txt‘).value;
            var lvl = checkPassword(pwd);
            var tableObj = document.getElementById(‘tb‘);
            var tdObjs = tableObj.getElementsByTagName(‘td‘);
            for(var j=0;j<tdObjs.length;j++)
            {
                tdObjs[j].style.backgroundColor = "";
            }
            for(var i=0;i<lvl && i<tdObjs.length;i++)
            {
                tdObjs[i].style.backgroundColor = "red";
            }
        },30);
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" id="txt" value="" style="width:300px;height:30px;font-size: 30px;"/><br/>
    <table id="tb" border="1" style="width:300px;height:30px;margin:5px;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center;">
        <tr><td>弱</td><td>中</td><td>强</td></tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享



2.5、示例代码:在超链接处显示图片

一个a标签

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload=function(){
            var aObj = document.getElementById(‘kakashi‘);
            aObj.onclick = function(){
                var divImg = document.getElementById(‘dv‘);
                if(!divImg)//如果不存在Id为“dv”的元素,则进行添加
                {
                    var divObj = document.createElement("div");
                    divObj.id = "dv";
                    divObj.style.width = "132px";
                    divObj.style.height="153px";
                    divObj.style.border="solid 1px red";
                    divObj.style.position="absolute";
                    divObj.style.left = this.offsetLeft + "px";//注意带上单位“px”
                    divObj.style.top = this.offsetTop+this.offsetHeight+"px";//注意带上单位“px”
                    //创建图片,并加入到div当中
                    var imgObj = document.createElement("img");
                    imgObj.src = "images/kakashi.jpg";
                    imgObj.style.width = "132px";
                    imgObj.style.height = "153px";
                    divObj.appendChild(imgObj);

                    //将div添加到页面当中
                    document.body.appendChild(divObj);
                }
                else////如果存在Id为“dv”的元素,则进行移除
                {
                    document.body.removeChild(divImg);
                }

                return false;
            };
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    忍界大战结束后,<a id="kakashi" href="http://www.baidu.com">卡卡西</a>成为了六代目火影
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享

多个a标签

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload=function(){
            var aObjs = document.getElementsByTagName("a");
            for(var i=0;i<aObjs.length;i++) {
                aObjs[i].onclick = function () {
                    var divImg = document.getElementById(‘dv‘);
                    if (!divImg)//如果不存在Id为“dv”的元素,则进行添加
                    {
                        var divObj = document.createElement("div");
                        divObj.id = "dv";
                        divObj.style.width = "88px";
                        divObj.style.height = "102px";
                        divObj.style.border = "solid 1px red";
                        divObj.style.position = "absolute";
                        divObj.style.left = this.offsetLeft + "px";//注意带上单位“px”
                        divObj.style.top = this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight + "px";//注意带上单位“px”
                        //创建图片,并加入到div当中
                        var imgObj = document.createElement("img");
                        imgObj.src = this.href;
                        imgObj.style.width = "88px";
                        imgObj.style.height = "102px";
                        divObj.appendChild(imgObj);

                        //将div添加到页面当中
                        document.body.appendChild(divObj);
                    }
                    else////如果存在Id为“dv”的元素,则进行移除
                    {
                        document.body.removeChild(divImg);
                    }

                    return false;
                };
            }

        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
忍界大战结束后,<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/kakashi.jpg">卡卡西</a>成为了六代目火影
<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/kakashi.jpg">卡卡西</a>误闯秘密据点被据点的人抓住,
但甲暗中救了<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/kakashi.jpg">卡卡西</a>一命,
当<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/kakashi.jpg">卡卡西</a>再度回到据点时,
秘密据点的人已经全部被<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/dashe.jpg">大蛇丸</a>杀死,
自己跟<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/dashe.jpg">大蛇丸</a>展开了战斗。
<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/dashe.jpg">大蛇丸</a>自知再战下去对自己不利便撤退了,
<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/kakashi.jpg">卡卡西</a>对甲和据点唯一幸存的人说“我从来没有来到过这里,
也没有见到任何人,更没有发现<a href="http://www.mamicode.com/images/dashe.jpg">大蛇丸</a>”,便离开了他们。
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享


2.6、示例代码:搜索关键字

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <title>Javascript测试</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        .cls{
            color:#aaaaaa;
        }
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        onload=function(){
            var searchbox = document.getElementById(‘txt‘);
            var defaultContent = "请输入搜索关键词";
            searchbox.onfocus = function(){
                if((this.value=http://www.mamicode.com/=defaultContent) && (this.className="cls"))
                {
                    this.value = "";
                    this.className="";
                }
            };
            searchbox.onblur=function(){
                if(this.valuehttp://www.mamicode.com/=="")
                {
                    this.value = defaultContent;
                    this.className="cls";
                }
            };
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <input class="cls" type="text" id="txt" value="http://www.mamicode.com/请输入搜索关键词" style="width:300px;height:30px;font-size:30px;"/>
</body>
</html>

效果图

技术分享



Javascript操作样式