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c# .net core 下的网络请求
本文章是在VS2017的环境下，.net core 1.1版本以上。
在这期间，由于.net core 并不基于IIS，我们的过去的网络请求代码在.net core框架下，有可能会出现不兼容，报错的现象。这里大致介绍下在.net core 下如何进行http请求，主要仍然是GET和POST方法，有错误的地方，欢迎指正！
先来说POST,POST我实现了三种方法，前两种基于的原理是完全一致的，后面的有些小小的差异，但他们的本质都是http请求，本质上是无区别的，只是实现方法有所不同。
废话不多说，上代码：
POST异步方法：
/// <summary> /// 异步请求post（键值对形式,可等待的） /// </summary> /// <param name="uri">网络基址("http://localhost:59315")</param> /// <param name="url">网络的地址("/api/UMeng")</param> /// <param name="formData">键值对List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("userid", "29122"));formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("umengids", "29122"));</param> /// <param name="charset">编码格式</param> /// <param name="mediaType">头媒体类型</param> /// <returns></returns> public async Task<string> HttpPostAsync(string uri, string url, List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/null, string charset = "UTF-8", string mediaType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") { string tokenUri = url; var client = new HttpClient(); client.BaseAddress = new Uri(uri); HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formData); content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue(mediaType); content.Headers.ContentType.CharSet = charset; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { content.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } HttpResponseMessage resp = await client.PostAsync(tokenUri, content); resp.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string token = await resp.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); return token; }
POST同步方法：
/// <summary> /// 同步请求post（键值对形式） /// </summary> /// <param name="uri">网络基址("http://localhost:59315")</param> /// <param name="url">网络的地址("/api/UMeng")</param> /// <param name="formData">键值对List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("userid", "29122"));formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("umengids", "29122"));</param> /// <param name="charset">编码格式</param> /// <param name="mediaType">头媒体类型</param> /// <returns></returns> public string HttpPost(string uri, string url, List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/null, string charset = "UTF-8", string mediaType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") { string tokenUri = url; var client = new HttpClient(); client.BaseAddress = new Uri(uri); HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formData); content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue(mediaType); content.Headers.ContentType.CharSet = charset; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { content.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } var res = client.PostAsync(tokenUri, content); res.Wait(); HttpResponseMessage resp = res.Result; var res2 = resp.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); res2.Wait(); string token = res2.Result; return token; }
遗憾的是，同步方法也是基于异步实现的，个人认为这样做会加大系统开销。如果各位有其他的高效实现，请不吝赐教！
接下来是通过流的方式进行POST：
public string Post(string url, string data, Encoding encoding, int type) { try { HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.CreateHttp(new Uri(url)); if (type == 1) { req.ContentType = "application/json;charset=utf-8"; } else if (type == 2) { req.ContentType = "application/xml;charset=utf-8"; } else { req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"; } req.Method = "POST"; //req.Accept = "text/xml,text/javascript"; req.ContinueTimeout = 60000; byte[] postData =http://www.mamicode.com/ encoding.GetBytes(data); Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStreamAsync().Result; reqStream.Write(postData, 0, postData.Length); reqStream.Dispose(); var rsp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponseAsync().Result; var result = GetResponseAsString(rsp, encoding); return result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw; } }
private string GetResponseAsString(HttpWebResponse rsp, Encoding encoding) { Stream stream = null; StreamReader reader = null; try { // 以字符流的方式读取HTTP响应 stream = rsp.GetResponseStream(); reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding); return reader.ReadToEnd(); } finally { // 释放资源 if (reader != null) reader.Dispose(); if (stream != null) stream.Dispose(); if (rsp != null) rsp.Dispose(); } }
这种方式的POST还是将数据写入到流里面，进行POST,之所以写前两个key-value的形式，是为了符合java或者oc的风格，在c#书写的webapi中，由于接收形式是{=value}而不是{key=value}(由webapi的性质决定)，后续我会说如何在webapi中接收（key-value）的形式，适当避免.net后台人员与android和ios的矛盾，从而达到社会主义民主社会的长治久安。
接下来是get，同样同步异步都是由异步实现的，还请各位看官轻喷。
GET：
/// <summary> /// 异步请求get(UTF-8) /// </summary> /// <param name="url">链接地址</param> /// <param name="formData">写在header中的内容</param> /// <returns></returns> public static async Task<string> HttpGetAsync(string url, List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/null) { HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formData); if (formData != null) { content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); content.Headers.ContentType.CharSet = "UTF-8"; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { content.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } } var request = new HttpRequestMessage() { RequestUri = new Uri(url), Method = HttpMethod.Get, }; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { request.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } var resp = await httpClient.SendAsync(request); resp.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string token = await resp.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); return token; }
/// <summary> /// 同步get请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="url">链接地址</param> /// <param name="formData">写在header中的键值对</param> /// <returns></returns> public string HttpGet(string url, List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> formData = http://www.mamicode.com/null) { HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formData); if (formData != null) { content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); content.Headers.ContentType.CharSet = "UTF-8"; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { content.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } } var request = new HttpRequestMessage() { RequestUri = new Uri(url), Method = HttpMethod.Get, }; for (int i = 0; i < formData.Count; i++) { request.Headers.Add(formData[i].Key, formData[i].Value); } var res = httpClient.SendAsync(request); res.Wait(); var resp = res.Result; Task<string> temp = resp.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); temp.Wait(); return temp.Result; }
以上就是这样吧，还有，我是一个经不起批评的人，如果你批评我，我就骂你（玩笑）。请大家不吝赐教！感谢
c# .net core 下的网络请求
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