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Android:通知栏的使用
很久没有使用Android的通知功能了,今天把两年前的代码搬出来一看,发现很多方法都废弃了,代码中各种删除线看的十分不爽。于是乎,打开Google,查看官方文档,学习最新的发送通知栏消息的方法。
本文中的代码均参照谷歌官方文档编写:
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/notifiers/notifications.html
1.首先,获取系统的通知服务:
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);2.发送一个最简单的通知
public void simpleNotice(View view) { //此Builder为android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat.Builder中的,下同。 Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); //系统收到通知时,通知栏上面显示的文字。 mBuilder.setTicker("天津,晴,2~15度,微风"); //显示在通知栏上的小图标 mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.consult_answer); //通知标题 mBuilder.setContentTitle("天气预报"); //通知内容 mBuilder.setContentText("天津,晴,2~15度,微风"); //设置大图标,即通知条上左侧的图片(如果只设置了小图标,则此处会显示小图标) mBuilder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.share_sina)); //显示在小图标左侧的数字 mBuilder.setNumber(6); //设置为不可清除模式 mBuilder.setOngoing(true); //显示通知,id必须不重复,否则新的通知会覆盖旧的通知(利用这一特性,可以对通知进行更新) nm.notify(1, mBuilder.build()); }3.删除一个通知。参数即为通知的id
nm.cancel(1);4.发送一个通知,点击通知后跳转到一个Activity,从这个Activity返回后,进入程序内的某一个页面(一般为主页)
//点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时进入指定页面。 public void resultActivityBackApp(View view) { Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题2"); mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题2"); mBuilder.setContentText("点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时进入指定页面。"); //设置点击一次后消失(如果没有点击事件,则该方法无效。) mBuilder.setAutoCancel(true); //点击通知之后需要跳转的页面 Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivityBackApp.class); //使用TaskStackBuilder为“通知页面”设置返回关系 TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this); //为点击通知后打开的页面设定 返回 页面。(在manifest中指定) stackBuilder.addParentStack(ResultActivityBackApp.class); stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent); PendingIntent pIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); mBuilder.setContentIntent(pIntent); // mId allows you to update the notification later on. nm.notify(2, mBuilder.build()); }同时,需要在manifest中为点击通知后打开的Activity指定父Activity.
<activity android:name=".ResultActivityBackApp" android:parentActivityName=".MainActivity"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY" android:value=http://www.mamicode.com/".MainActivity" />>(其中,activity的属性parentActivityName为API 16中的属性,meta-data中的代码为兼容API 16以下。因此,对于大多数程序,这两个地方都得写。)5.和上述4类似,只是在打开的Activity中返回时回到home页
//点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时回到桌面 public void resultActivityBackHome(View view) { Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题3"); mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题3"); mBuilder.setContentText("点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时回到桌面"); //设置点击一次后消失(如果没有点击事件,则该方法无效。) mBuilder.setAutoCancel(true); Intent notifyIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivityBackHome.class); notifyIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); PendingIntent pIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notifyIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); mBuilder.setContentIntent(pIntent); nm.notify(3, mBuilder.build()); }6.带进度条的通知public void progressNotice(View view) { final Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题4"); mBuilder.setContentTitle("Picture Download") .setContentText("Download in progress") .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); // Start a lengthy operation in a background thread new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { int progress; for (progress = 0; progress <= 100; progress++) { // Sets the progress indicator to a max value, the current completion percentage, // and "determinate" state mBuilder.setProgress(100, progress, false); //不明确进度的进度条 // mBuilder.setProgress(0, 0, true); nm.notify(4, mBuilder.build()); // 模拟延时 try { Thread.sleep(200); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } // When the loop is finished, updates the notification mBuilder.setContentText("Download complete"); // Removes the progress bar mBuilder.setProgress(0, 0, false); nm.notify(4, mBuilder.build()); } } ).start(); }7.扩展布局的通知。按住通知条下滑,可以查看更详细的内容public void expandLayoutNotice(View view) { Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题5"); mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题5"); mBuilder.setContentText("按住通知下拉可显示扩展布局"); NotificationCompat.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new NotificationCompat.InboxStyle(); String[] events = new String[]{"Beijing", "Tianjin", "Shanghai", "Guangzhou"}; // 设置扩展布局的标题 inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("Event tracker details:"); for (String s : events) { inboxStyle.addLine(s); } mBuilder.setStyle(inboxStyle); nm.notify(5, mBuilder.build()); }
8.自定义布局的通知栏。(根据谷歌的官方文档不推荐这么做,因为使用这种方式时,对不同屏幕进行适配需要考虑的因素太多。而且,通知栏应该展示的就是最简明扼要的信息,对于大多数程序默认的布局已经足够了。)//自定义布局的通知 public void customLayoutNotice(View view) { Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题6"); mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题6"); mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_layout_notice); mBuilder.setContent(remoteViews); //为RemoteViews上的按钮设置文字 remoteViews.setCharSequence(R.id.custom_layout_button1, "setText", "Button1"); remoteViews.setCharSequence(R.id.custom_layout_button2, "setText", "Button2"); //为RemoteViews上的按钮设置点击事件 Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, CustomLayoutResultActivity.class); intent1.putExtra("content", "From button1 click!"); PendingIntent pIntentButton1 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent1, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.custom_layout_button1, pIntentButton1); Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, CustomLayoutResultActivity.class); intent2.putExtra("content", "From button2 click!"); PendingIntent pIntentButton2 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 1, intent2, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.custom_layout_button2, pIntentButton2); nm.notify(6, mBuilder.build()); }Android:通知栏的使用
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