/*  第17章 string基本字符序列容器   17.1 string技术原理   17.2 string应用基础   17.3 本章小结*///  第17章 string基本字符序列容器//   17.1 string技术原理 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//   17.2 string应用基础 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//259#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  string s1;  s1.push_back(‘a‘);  s1.push_back(‘b‘);  s1.push_back(‘c‘);  cout << "打印s1: " << s1 << endl;  //  char *cArray = "efgh";  string s2(cArray);  cout << "打印s2: " << s2 << endl;  //字符串的"+"操作  cout << "打印s1+s2: " << s1 + s2 << endl;  //字符串s1后添加字符串s2  cout << "append后,打印s1: " << s1.append(s2) << endl;  //在s1的第2个字符位置前插入字符‘8‘  string::iterator i;  i = s1.begin();  i++;  s1.insert(i, ‘8‘);  cout << "insert后,打印s1: " << s1 << endl;  //字符串的"+="操作  s1 += s2;  cout << "s1+=s2后,打印s1: " << s1 << endl;  return 0;}//260 遍历字符#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  char *cArray = "hello, world!";  string s(cArray);  //数组方式  for(unsigned int j = 0; j < s.size(); j++)    cout << "第" << j << "个字符: " << s[j] << endl;  //迭代器方式  string::reverse_iterator ri, rend;  rend = s.rend();  cout << "反向打印字符" << endl;  for(ri = s.rbegin(); ri != rend; ri++)    cout <<  *ri << ‘ ‘;  cout << endl;  return 0;}//261 erase#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  char *cArray = "a12345678b";  string s(cArray);  s.erase(s.begin());  cout << s << endl; //打印出12345678b  //  s.erase(s.begin() + 3, s.end() - 2);  cout << s << endl; //打印出1238b  //  s.erase(0, 2);  cout << s << endl; //打印38b  //  s.clear();  return 0;}//262 replace#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  char *cArray1 = "hello,boy!";  string s(cArray1);  //  s.replace(6, 3, "gril"); //boy替换为girl  cout << s << endl; //打印hello gril!  //  s.replace(10, 1, 1, ‘.‘); //将"hello gril!"的‘!‘替换为‘.‘  cout << s << endl; //打印hello gril.  //  s.replace(s.begin(), s.begin() + 5, "good morning");  cout << s << endl; //打印good morning girl.  return 0;}//263, find#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  //0123456789012345678901234  string s("dog bird chicken bird cat");  //字符串查找  cout << s.find("bird") << endl; //打印4  cout << (int)s.find("pig") << endl; //打印-1  //字符查找  cout << s.find(‘i‘, 7) << endl; //打印11  //从字符串的末尾开始查找字符串  cout << s.rfind("bird") << endl; //打印17  //从字符串的末尾开始查找字符  cout << s.rfind(‘i‘) << endl; //打印18  //查找第1个属于某子串的字符  cout << s.find_first_of("13r98") << endl; //找到字符r,打印6  //查找第1个不属于某字符串的字符  cout << s.find_first_not_of("dog bird 2006") << endl; //找到字符c,打印9  //查找最后一个属于某子串的字符  cout << s.find_last_of("13r98") << endl; //字符r,打印19  //查找最后一个不属于某字符串的字符  cout << s.find_last_not_of("tea") << endl; //字符c,打印22  return 0;}//263-264, compare#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  string s1("abcdef");  string s2("abc");  cout << s1.compare("abcdef") << endl; //相等,打印0  cout << s1.compare(s2) << endl; //s1 > s2,打印1  cout << s1.compare("abyz") << endl; //s1 < "abyz",打印-1  //  cout << s1.compare(0, 3, s2) << endl; //s1的前3个字符==s2,打印0  return 0;}//264#include <string>#include <iostream>int main(void){  using namespace std;  string s;  cout << s.empty() << endl; //空字符串,返回1  s += "1234567";  cout << s.empty() << endl; //不为空,返回0  cout << s.size() << endl; //7个字符,返回7  cout << s.length() << endl; //返回7  //  const char *cArray = s.c_str();  cout << cArray[2] << endl; //返回字符3  return 0;}//   17.3 本章小结 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------