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UI基础UIView常见属性及方法
1.NSBundle
1> 一个NSBundle代表一个文件夹,利用NSBundle能访问对应的文件夹
2> 利用mainBundle就可以访问软件资源包中的任何资源
3> 模拟器应用程序的安装路径
/Users/aplle/资源库/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/7.1/Applications
2.UIImageView和UIButton
1> 使用场合
* UIImageView: 如果仅仅是显示图片,不需要监听图片的点击
* UIButton: 既要显示图片,又要监听图片的点击
2> 相同:能显示图片
3> 不同点
* UIButton能处理点击事件, UIImageView不能处理点击事件
* UIButton既能显示图片, 又能显示文字
* UIButton能同时显示两张图片
* UIButton继承自UIControl, 因此默认就能处理事件
* UIImageView继承自UIView, 因此默认就不能处理事件
3.Xcode文档安装路径
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Documentation/DocSets
4.Xcode模拟器安装路径
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs
5，UIView的常?见属性
? @property(nonatomic,readonly) UIView *superview;
? 获得?自?己的?父控件对象
? @property(nonatomic,readonly,copy) NSArray *subviews;
? 获得?自?己的所有?子控件对象
? @property(nonatomic) NSInteger tag;
? 控件的ID\标识,?父控件可以通过tag来找到对应的?子控件
? @property(nonatomic) CGAffineTransform transform;
? 控件的形变属性(可以设置旋转?角度、?比例缩放、平移等属性)
在OC中，通过transform属性可以修改对象的平移、缩放比例和旋转角度
常用的创建transform结构体方法分两大类
（1） 创建“基于控件初始位置”的形变
CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation（平移）
CGAffineTransformMakeScale（缩放）
CGAffineTransformMakeRotation（旋转）
（2） 创建“基于transform参数”的形变
CGAffineTransformTranslate
CGAffineTransformScale
CGAffineTransformRotate
补充：
在OC中，所有跟角度相关的数值，都是弧度值，180° = M_PI
正数表示顺时针旋转
负数表示逆时针旋转
提示：由于transform属性可以基于控件的上一次的状态进行叠加形变，例如，先旋转再平移。因此在实际动画开发中，当涉及位置、尺寸形变效果时，大多修改控件的transform属性，而不是frame、bounds、center 。
@property(nonatomic) CGRect frame; 控件所在矩形框在?父控件中的位置和尺?寸(以?父控件的左上?角为坐标原点)
@property(nonatomic) CGRect bounds; 控件所在矩形框的位置和尺?寸(以?自?己左上?角为坐标原点,所以bounds的x\y?一般
为0)
@property(nonatomic) CGPoint center;
控件中点的位置(以?父控件的左上?角为坐标原点)
6，UIView的常?见?方法
? - (void)addSubview:(UIView *)view;
? 添加?一个?子控件view
? - (void)removeFromSuperview;
? 从?父控件中移除
? - (UIView *)viewWithTag:(NSInteger)tag;
? 根据?一个tag标识找出对应的控件(?一般都是?子控件)
7，动画的两种创建方式
1)
//开始动画
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
// 执行动画内容
self.headImageView.bounds=bounds;
// 设置动画时间
[UIView setAnimationDuration:2.0];
// 提交动画
[UIView commitAnimations];
2) // 一般用这种方式
UIView animateKeyframesWithDuration:<#(NSTimeInterval)#> delay:<#(NSTimeInterval)#> options:<#(UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptions)#> animations:<#^(void)animations#> completion:<#^(BOOL finished)completion#>
8,汤姆猫中动画执行代码顺序
// 1,设置图片数组
self.tom.animationImages = images;
// 2.设置播放次数(1次)
self.tom.animationRepeatCount = 1;
// 3.设置播放时间
self.tom.animationDuration = images.count * 0.05;
// 4，开始动画
[self.tom startAnimating];
性能问题
// 加载图片
// imageNamed: 有缓存(传入文件名)
// UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:filename];
解决办法
// imageWithContentsOfFile: 没有缓存(传入文件的全路径)
NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
NSString *path = [bundle pathForResource:filename ofType:nil];
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:path];
动画放完1秒后清除内存
CGFloat delay = self.tom.animationDuration + 1.0;
[self.tom performSelector:@selector(setAnimationImages:) withObject:nil afterDelay:delay];
代码图片浏览器动态代码：
模型类
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface LLPic : NSObject// 图片地址@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *icon;// 图片@property (nonatomic, strong) UIImage *image;// 描述@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *desc;+ (instancetype)picWithDic:(NSDictionary *)dic;- (instancetype)initWithDic:(NSDictionary *)dic;+ (NSArray *)array;@end
#import "LLPic.h"@interface LLPic (){ UIImage *_imageABC;}@end@implementation LLPic+ (NSArray *)array{ NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"images.plist" ofType:nil]; NSArray *arrPic = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path]; NSMutableArray *arrPicMA = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:arrPic.count]; for (NSDictionary *dic in arrPic) { [arrPicMA addObject:[self picWithDic:dic]]; } return arrPicMA;}- (UIImage *)image{ if (!_imageABC) { _imageABC = [UIImage imageNamed:self.icon]; } return _imageABC;}- (instancetype)initWithDic:(NSDictionary *)dic{ if (self = [super init]) { [self setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic]; } return self;}+ (instancetype)picWithDic:(NSDictionary *)dic{ return [[self alloc] initWithDic:dic];}@end
controller
#import "ViewController.h"#import "LLPic.h"@interface ViewController ()// 属性值必须改为strong，如果联系IBOutLet则为week@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *picView;@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *headLab;@property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *imageView;@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *leftBtn;@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *rightBtn;@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *footLab;@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *leftRotationBtn; // 左旋转@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *rightRotationBtn; // 右旋转// 计数器@property (nonatomic, assign) int index;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor]; [self loadPicView];}#pragma mark - 按钮点击事件// 左点击- (void)leftBtnClick{ self.index--; [self loadPicView];}// 右点击- (void)rightBtnClick{ self.index++; [self loadPicView];}// 按钮旋转事件- (void)rotationBtn:(UIButton *)btn{ [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{ if (btn.tag == 20) { self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.imageView.transform, M_PI_4); } else if (btn.tag == 40){ self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.imageView.transform, -M_PI_4); } }];}#pragma mark - 展示界面- (void)loadPicView{ // 1,拿出模型对象 LLPic *pic = self.picView[self.index]; self.headLab.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/%ld", self.index+1, self.picView.count]; self.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:pic.icon]; self.footLab.text = pic.desc; self.leftBtn.enabled = (self.index != 0); self.rightBtn.enabled = (self.index != (self.picView.count-1)); // 2,加载按钮 [self creatRoationBtn]; }#pragma mark - 懒加载控件，代码可读性强，并且提高性能// headLab的加载- (UILabel *)headLab{ if (!_headLab) { _headLab = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 20, 300, 30)]; _headLab.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter; [self.view addSubview:_headLab]; } return _headLab;}// imageView的加载- (UIImageView *)imageView{ if (!_imageView) { _imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(70, 70, 180, 180)]; [self.view addSubview:_imageView]; } return _imageView;}// leftBtn的加载- (UIButton *)leftBtn{ if (!_leftBtn) { _leftBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; _leftBtn.frame = CGRectMake(0,125, 40, 40); [_leftBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [_leftBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; [_leftBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_disable"] forState:UIControlStateDisabled]; // 按钮点击事件 [_leftBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(leftBtnClick) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.view addSubview:_leftBtn]; } return _leftBtn;}// rightBtn的加载- (void)creatRoationBtn{ _rightRotationBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; _rightRotationBtn.frame = CGRectMake(200,400,40, 40); [_rightRotationBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_rotate_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [_rightRotationBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_rotate_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; _rightRotationBtn.tag = 20; [_rightRotationBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rotationBtn:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.view addSubview:_rightRotationBtn]; _leftRotationBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; _leftRotationBtn.frame = CGRectMake(100,400,40, 40); [_leftRotationBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_rotate_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [_leftRotationBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_rotate_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; _leftRotationBtn.tag = 40; [_leftRotationBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rotationBtn:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.view addSubview:_leftRotationBtn];}- (UIButton *)rightBtn{ if (!_rightBtn) { _rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; _rightBtn.frame = CGRectMake(280,125,40, 40); [_rightBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [_rightBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; [_rightBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_disable"] forState:UIControlStateDisabled]; [_rightBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rightBtnClick) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.view addSubview:_rightBtn]; } return _rightBtn;}// 描述lab- (UILabel *)footLab{ if (!_footLab) { _footLab = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 260, 300, 60)]; _footLab.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter; _footLab.numberOfLines = 0; [self.view addSubview:_footLab]; } return _footLab;}#pragma mark - 加载数据模型- (NSArray *)picView{ if (!_picView) { _picView = [LLPic array]; } return _picView;}@end
完成展示：
UI基础UIView常见属性及方法