首页 > 代码库 > 3 项目开发 - 数据库

3 项目开发 - 数据库

1 环境安装

  • 新建虚拟环境:mkvirtualenv mxonline

  • 查看已安装:pip list

  • django安装:pip install django==1.9

  • django离线安装:下载个django压缩包,workon XX 进入虚拟环境,进入解压包执行 python setup.py install

  • 安装mysql驱动:pip install MySQL_python-1.2.5-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl

2 新建项目

  • 虚拟环境位置 C:\Users\Aaron\Envs\mxonline\Scripts\python.exe

技术分享

  •  数据库设置

1 DATABASES = {
2     default: {
3         ENGINE: django.db.backends.mysql,
4         NAME: XX,
5         USER: root,
6         PASSWORD: ‘‘,
7         HOST: 127.0.0.1
8     }
9 }
  • 新建数据库

技术分享

  • 生成django默认表

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. makemigrations

  3. migrate

  •  启动服务并访问

技术分享

 3 新建APP

  • 新建app

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. startapp users

  • 编写users的models

 

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
 7 
 8 
 9 class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
10     nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u昵称, default=‘‘)
11     birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u生日, null=True, blank=True)
12     gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=((male, u), (female, u)), default=female)
13     address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u‘‘)
14     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
15     image = models.ImageField(upload_to=image/%Y/%m, default=uimage/default.png, max_length=100)
16 
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u用户信息
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20 
21     def __unicode__(self):
22         return self.username
23 
24 
25 class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
26     code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u验证码)
27     email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u邮箱)
28     send_type = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=((register, u注册), (forget, u忘记密码)))
29     send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
30 
31     class Meta:
32         verbose_name = u邮箱验证码
33         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
34 
35 
36 class Banner(models.Model):
37     title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u标题)
38     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to=banner/%Y/%m, verbose_name=u轮播图)
39     url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u访问地址)
40     index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u顺序)
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
42 
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u轮播图
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

 

  • 注册app
1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
2     django.contrib.admin,
3     django.contrib.auth,
4     django.contrib.contenttypes,
5     django.contrib.sessions,
6     django.contrib.messages,
7     django.contrib.staticfiles,
8     users
9 ]
  • 重载一个setting的方法

 1 AUTH_USER_MODEL = users.UserProfile 

  • 安装Pillow

  1. 错误信息:users.UserProfile.image: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.

  2. 安装:pip install Pillow

  • 生成users app的表

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. makemigrations users

  3. migrate users

  • 新建app

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. startapp courses

  • 编写courses的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 
 8 class Course(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u课程名称)
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u课程描述)
11     detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u课程详情)
12     degree = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=((cj,初级), (zj,中级), (gj,高级)))
13     learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u学习时长(分钟))
14     students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u学习人数)
15     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u收藏人数)
16     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to=courses/%Y/%m, verbose_name=u封面图)
17     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u点击数)
18     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
19 
20     class Meta:
21         verbose_name = u课程
22         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
23 
24 
25 class Lesson(models.Model):
26     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u课程)
27     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u章节名)
28     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
29 
30     class Meta:
31         verbose_name = u章节
32         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
33 
34 
35 class Video(models.Model):
36     lesson = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u章节)
37     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u视频名)
38     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
39 
40     class Meta:
41         verbose_name = u视频
42         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
43 
44 
45 class CourseResource(models.Model):
46     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u课程)
47     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u资源名称)
48     download = models.FileField(max_length=100, upload_to=course/resource/%Y/%m, verbose_name=u资源文件)
49     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
50 
51     class Meta:
52         verbose_name = u课程资源
53         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
  • 新建app

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. startapp organization

  • 编写organization的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 
 8 class CityDict(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u城市)
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u描述)
11     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
12 
13     class Meta:
14         verbose_name = u城市
15         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
16 
17 
18 class CourseOrg(models.Model):
19     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u机构名称)
20     desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u机构描述)
21     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u点击数)
22     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u收藏数)
23     image = models.ImageField(upload_to=org/%Y/%m, verbose_name=u封面图片)
24     address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u机构地址)
25     city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u所在城市)
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
27 
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name = u课程机构
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31 
32 
33 class Teacher(models.Model):
34     org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u所属机构)
35     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u教师名)
36     work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u工作年限)
37     work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u就职公司)
38     points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u教学特点)
39     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u点击数)
40     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u收藏数)
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
42 
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u教师
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
  • 新建app

  1. 首先执行:Tools > Run manage.py Task 

  2. startapp operation

  • 编写operation的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 from users.models import UserProfile
 8 from courses.models import Course
 9 
10 
11 class UserAsk(models.Model):
12     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u姓名)
13     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u手机)
14     course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u课程名)
15     add_time = models.DateTimeField(datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
16 
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u用户咨询
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20 
21 
22 class CourseComments(models.Model):
23     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u用户)
24     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u课程)
25     comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u评论)
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
27 
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name =u课程评论
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31 
32 
33 class UserFavorite(models.Model):
34     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u用户)
35     fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u数据id)
36     fav_type = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=((1,课程), (2,课程机构), (3,讲师)), verbose_name=u收藏类型)
37     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
38 
39     class Meta:
40         verbose_name =u用户收藏
41         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
42 
43 
44 class UserMessage(models.Model):
45     user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u接收用户)
46     messae = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u消息内容)
47     has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u是否已读)
48     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
49 
50     class Meta:
51         verbose_name =u用户消息
52         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
53 
54 
55 class UserCourse(models.Model):
56     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u用户)
57     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u课程)
58     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u添加时间)
59 
60     class Meta:
61         verbose_name =u用户课程
62         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
  • 注册app
 1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
 2     django.contrib.admin,
 3     django.contrib.auth,
 4     django.contrib.contenttypes,
 5     django.contrib.sessions,
 6     django.contrib.messages,
 7     django.contrib.staticfiles,
 8     users,
 9     course,
10     organization,
11     operation
12 ]
  •  生成数据表

  1. 执行命令:makemigrations

  2. 执行命令:migrate

4 合并APPS

  • 新建apps

    新建python package,名为apps 

  • Mark Directory as > Source Root

  • 配置setting文件,把apps文件夹加入到python的搜索路径下

1 import os
2 import sys
3 # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
4 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
5 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘apps‘))

3 项目开发 - 数据库