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Swing中使用JTable动态获取数据库中的数据并显示
笔者注：本文供新手学习使用，若有一定基础，可以直接看3！
1.创建数据库：
/* Navicat MySQL Data Transfer Source Server : aa Source Server Version : 50519 Source Host : localhost:3306 Source Database : test Target Server Type : MYSQL Target Server Version : 50519 File Encoding : 65001 Date: 2017-05-05 20:59:36 */ SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `user` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` char(4) DEFAULT NULL, `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `address` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘李雷‘, ‘123‘, ‘男‘, ‘23‘, ‘湖北十堰‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘韩梅梅‘, ‘111‘, ‘女‘, ‘23‘, ‘湖北十堰‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘光头强‘, ‘123‘, ‘男‘, ‘22‘, ‘森林‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘4‘, ‘熊大‘, ‘111‘, ‘雄‘, ‘22‘, ‘森林‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘5‘, ‘喜羊羊‘, ‘111‘, ‘雄‘, ‘16‘, ‘青青草原羊村‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘6‘, ‘美羊羊‘, ‘123‘, ‘雌‘, ‘16‘, ‘青青草原羊村‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘7‘, ‘灰太狼‘, ‘111‘, ‘雄‘, ‘18‘, ‘青青草原狼堡‘); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (‘8‘, ‘红太郎‘, ‘123‘, ‘雌‘, ‘18‘, ‘青青草原狼堡‘);
2.创建项目：
2.1按照以下格式创建项目
2.2导入mysql链接数据库jar包(jar包下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/yangs_1235/5049404)
2.2.1在项目内新建一个文件夹lib
2.2.2将jar包赋值到lib目录下，并添加到项目中（反键，如图所示即可）
注：1.DbUtils类主要写JDBC链接数据库代码，代码如下：
package com.zjl.db; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; public class DbUtils { private static final String URL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"; private static final String USER="root"; private static final String PASSWORD="scme";//此处为数据库密码，更改为自己数据库的密码 static{ try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{ return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD); } //关闭方法 public static void close(ResultSet rs, Statement stat, Connection conn) throws SQLException{ if(rs!=null){ rs.close(); }if(stat!=null){ stat.close(); }if(conn!=null){ conn.close(); } } }
2.User类主要是储存数据的实体类，代码如下：
package com.zjl.modle; public class User { private int id,age; private String name,password,sex,address; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } }
3.UserDao主要是进行数据操作的类，代码如下：
package com.zjl.dao; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import com.zjl.db.DbUtils; import com.zjl.modle.User; public class UserDao { private Connection conn=null; private PreparedStatement ps=null; private ResultSet rs=null; //查询所有用户 public List<User> queryAllUser(){ String sql="select * from user"; List<User> list=new ArrayList<User>(); try { conn=DbUtils.getConnection(); ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql); rs=ps.executeQuery(); System.out.println(ps.toString()); while(rs.next()){ User user=new User(); user.setId(rs.getInt(1)); user.setName(rs.getString(2)); user.setPassword(rs.getString(3)); user.setSex(rs.getString(4)); user.setAge(rs.getInt(5)); user.setAddress(rs.getString(6)); list.add(user); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return list; } }
4.Main类是显示数据的窗体类，代码如下：
package com.zjl.view; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.util.List; import javax.swing.GroupLayout; import javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JScrollPane; import javax.swing.JTable; import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder; import javax.swing.border.LineBorder; import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel; import com.zjl.dao.UserDao; import com.zjl.modle.User; public class Main extends JFrame { private JPanel contentPane; private JTable table; private String head[]=null; private Object [][]data=http://www.mamicode.com/null; private UserDao user=new UserDao(); /** * Launch the application. */ public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { try { Main frame = new Main(); frame.setVisible(true); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } /** * Create the frame. */ public Main() { setResizable(false); setTitle("\u673A\u7968\u9884\u8BA2\u7CFB\u7EDF"); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); setBounds(100, 100, 700, 300); Dimension us=this.getSize(); Dimension them=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); int x=(them.width-us.width)/2; int y=(them.height-us.height)/2; this.setLocation(x, y); contentPane = new JPanel(); contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5)); setContentPane(contentPane); JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(); scrollPane.setBounds(0,0,700,250); table = new JTable(); table.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(0, 0, 0))); head=new String[] { "id", "姓名", "密码", "性别", "年龄", "住址", "\u7968\u4EF7", }; DefaultTableModel tableModel=new DefaultTableModel(queryData(),head){ public boolean isCellEditable(int row, int column) { return false; } }; table.setModel(tableModel); scrollPane.setViewportView(table); GroupLayout gl_contentPane = new GroupLayout(contentPane); gl_contentPane.setHorizontalGroup( gl_contentPane.createParallelGroup(Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(scrollPane, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 684, Short.MAX_VALUE) ); gl_contentPane.setVerticalGroup( gl_contentPane.createParallelGroup(Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(gl_contentPane.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(scrollPane, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 195, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addGap(66)) ); contentPane.setLayout(gl_contentPane); } //生成表格数据 /** * @return */ public Object[][] queryData(){ List<User> list=user.queryAllUser(); data=new Object[list.size()][head.length]; for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){ for(int j=0;j<head.length;j++){ data[i][0]=list.get(i).getId(); data[i][1]=list.get(i).getName(); data[i][2]=list.get(i).getPassword(); data[i][3]=list.get(i).getSex(); data[i][4]=list.get(i).getAge(); data[i][5]=list.get(i).getAddress(); } } return data; } }
3.重点代码回顾：
3.1效果展示：
3.2定义一个获取数据的方法
//生成表格数据 /** * @return */ public Object[][] queryData(){ List<User> list=user.queryAllUser(); data=new Object[list.size()][head.length]; for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){ for(int j=0;j<head.length;j++){ data[i][0]=list.get(i).getId(); data[i][1]=list.get(i).getName(); data[i][2]=list.get(i).getPassword(); data[i][3]=list.get(i).getSex(); data[i][4]=list.get(i).getAge(); data[i][5]=list.get(i).getAddress(); } } return data; }
3.3在窗体代码中使用DefaultTableModle绑定数据
String head[]=new String[] {"id", "姓名", "密码", "性别", "年龄", "住址"}; DefaultTableModel tableModel=new DefaultTableModel(queryData(),head); table.setModel(tableModel);//JTable对象设置DefaultTableModle
作为一个带大一自习的学长，我为他们写下了这篇文章，也将这篇文章送给所有学习Swing的朋友们！
Swing中使用JTable动态获取数据库中的数据并显示
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