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Linux/Android——输入子系统input_event传递
在前文 Linux/Android——usb触摸屏驱动 - usbtouchscreen 中记录了如何在kernel中添加input device 类型为touchscreen的驱动，
这在整个输入体系中是最下层的设备驱动部分，往上一层就是linux内核的管理驱动input系统，kernel中的源码位置：/kernel/drivers/input/input.c
撰写不易,转载需注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/jscese/article/details/42099381
到目前已经完全调通，可以正常使用了，现在记录一下这段时间接触到的Android 输入input 系统，先看一张网上的层次图，蛮不错的：
上一篇博客里面的 usbtouchscreen 就是对应上图的I2c module的位置，而在kernel中input的核心就是input.c .
input_dev：
这个结构体表述的是一个输入设备的相关信息，在usbtouchscreen 驱动中的 usbtouch_probe 会初始化input_dev,作为usbtouch设备的一部分.
会对 input_dev 做一系列的初始化，设置参数之类的，具体可参考之前博客
input_dev 结构原型如下，/kernel/include/linux/input.h中定义：
/**
* struct input_dev - represents an input device
* @name: name of the device
* @phys: physical path to the device in the system hierarchy
* @uniq: unique identification code for the device (if device has it)
* @id: id of the device (struct input_id)
* @propbit: bitmap of device properties and quirks
* @evbit: bitmap of types of events supported by the device (EV_KEY,
* EV_REL, etc.)
* @keybit: bitmap of keys/buttons this device has
* @relbit: bitmap of relative axes for the device
* @absbit: bitmap of absolute axes for the device
* @mscbit: bitmap of miscellaneous events supported by the device
* @ledbit: bitmap of leds present on the device
* @sndbit: bitmap of sound effects supported by the device
* @ffbit: bitmap of force feedback effects supported by the device
* @swbit: bitmap of switches present on the device
* @hint_events_per_packet: average number of events generated by the
* device in a packet (between EV_SYN/SYN_REPORT events). Used by
* event handlers to estimate size of the buffer needed to hold
* events.
* @keycodemax: size of keycode table
* @keycodesize: size of elements in keycode table
* @keycode: map of scancodes to keycodes for this device
* @getkeycode: optional legacy method to retrieve current keymap.
* @setkeycode: optional method to alter current keymap, used to implement
* sparse keymaps. If not supplied default mechanism will be used.
* The method is being called while holding event_lock and thus must
* not sleep
* @ff: force feedback structure associated with the device if device
* supports force feedback effects
* @repeat_key: stores key code of the last key pressed; used to implement
* software autorepeat
* @timer: timer for software autorepeat
* @rep: current values for autorepeat parameters (delay, rate)
* @mt: pointer to array of struct input_mt_slot holding current values
* of tracked contacts
* @mtsize: number of MT slots the device uses
* @slot: MT slot currently being transmitted
* @trkid: stores MT tracking ID for the current contact
* @absinfo: array of &struct input_absinfo elements holding information
* about absolute axes (current value, min, max, flat, fuzz,
* resolution)
* @key: reflects current state of device's keys/buttons
* @led: reflects current state of device's LEDs
* @snd: reflects current state of sound effects
* @sw: reflects current state of device's switches
* @open: this method is called when the very first user calls
* input_open_device(). The driver must prepare the device
* to start generating events (start polling thread,
* request an IRQ, submit URB, etc.)
* @close: this method is called when the very last user calls
* input_close_device().
* @flush: purges the device. Most commonly used to get rid of force
* feedback effects loaded into the device when disconnecting
* from it
* @event: event handler for events sent _to_ the device, like EV_LED
* or EV_SND. The device is expected to carry out the requested
* action (turn on a LED, play sound, etc.) The call is protected
* by @event_lock and must not sleep
* @grab: input handle that currently has the device grabbed (via
* EVIOCGRAB ioctl). When a handle grabs a device it becomes sole
* recipient for all input events coming from the device
* @event_lock: this spinlock is is taken when input core receives
* and processes a new event for the device (in input_event()).
* Code that accesses and/or modifies parameters of a device
* (such as keymap or absmin, absmax, absfuzz, etc.) after device
* has been registered with input core must take this lock.
* @mutex: serializes calls to open(), close() and flush() methods
* @users: stores number of users (input handlers) that opened this
* device. It is used by input_open_device() and input_close_device()
* to make sure that dev->open() is only called when the first
* user opens device and dev->close() is called when the very
* last user closes the device
* @going_away: marks devices that are in a middle of unregistering and
* causes input_open_device*() fail with -ENODEV.
* @sync: set to %true when there were no new events since last EV_SYN
* @dev: driver model's view of this device
* @h_list: list of input handles associated with the device. When
* accessing the list dev->mutex must be held
* @node: used to place the device onto input_dev_list
*/
struct input_dev {
const char *name;
const char *phys;
const char *uniq;
struct input_id id;
unsigned long propbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(INPUT_PROP_CNT)];
unsigned long evbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(EV_CNT)];
unsigned long keybit[BITS_TO_LONGS(KEY_CNT)];
unsigned long relbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(REL_CNT)];
unsigned long absbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(ABS_CNT)];
unsigned long mscbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(MSC_CNT)];
unsigned long ledbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(LED_CNT)];
unsigned long sndbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(SND_CNT)];
unsigned long ffbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(FF_CNT)];
unsigned long swbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(SW_CNT)];
unsigned int hint_events_per_packet;
unsigned int keycodemax;
unsigned int keycodesize;
void *keycode;
int (*setkeycode)(struct input_dev *dev,
const struct input_keymap_entry *ke,
unsigned int *old_keycode);
int (*getkeycode)(struct input_dev *dev,
struct input_keymap_entry *ke);
struct ff_device *ff;
unsigned int repeat_key;
struct timer_list timer;
int rep[REP_CNT];
struct input_mt_slot *mt;
int mtsize;
int slot;
int trkid;
struct input_absinfo *absinfo;
unsigned long key[BITS_TO_LONGS(KEY_CNT)];
unsigned long led[BITS_TO_LONGS(LED_CNT)];
unsigned long snd[BITS_TO_LONGS(SND_CNT)];
unsigned long sw[BITS_TO_LONGS(SW_CNT)];
int (*open)(struct input_dev *dev);
void (*close)(struct input_dev *dev);
int (*flush)(struct input_dev *dev, struct file *file);
int (*event)(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value);
struct input_handle __rcu *grab;
spinlock_t event_lock;
struct mutex mutex;
unsigned int users;
bool going_away;
bool sync;
struct device dev;
struct list_head h_list;
struct list_head node;
};我解释可能还会误导，源码上面的注释是最好的解释，都是描述一个input 设备的相关信息.
每一个input设备，都需要初始化一个这样的input_dev结构来描述记录此设备的一些特性，然后通过input_register_device 注册到设备总线上以供后续使用
可以到系统运行目录的/proc/bus/input下 cat devices 查看总线上的已经注册上的input device
input_event：
设备驱动部分往上传递的就是触发的event事件了，还以usbtouchscreen的为例，回调函数为：
/*****************************************************************************
* Generic Part
*/
static void usbtouch_process_pkt(struct usbtouch_usb *usbtouch,
unsigned char *pkt, int len)
{
struct usbtouch_device_info *type = usbtouch->type;
if (!type->read_data(usbtouch, pkt))
return;
input_report_key(usbtouch->input, BTN_TOUCH, usbtouch->touch); // 上报触摸类型 。touch为按下
if (swap_xy) {
input_report_abs(usbtouch->input, ABS_X, usbtouch->y);
input_report_abs(usbtouch->input, ABS_Y, usbtouch->x);
} else {
input_report_abs(usbtouch->input, ABS_X, usbtouch->x);
input_report_abs(usbtouch->input, ABS_Y, usbtouch->y); // 上报绝对坐标值
}
if (type->max_press)
input_report_abs(usbtouch->input, ABS_PRESSURE, usbtouch->press);
input_sync(usbtouch->input); // 同步操作
}可以看到通过 input_report_* 上报事件到input.c中，这也就是上面层次图中的箭头 9 ，初始在/kernel/include/linux/input.h：
static inline void input_report_key(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int code, int value)
{
input_event(dev, EV_KEY, code, !!value);
}
static inline void input_report_rel(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int code, int value)
{
input_event(dev, EV_REL, code, value);
}
static inline void input_report_abs(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int code, int value)
{
input_event(dev, EV_ABS, code, value);
}可以看到不同的report 都调用进了input_event，只是传参不同，接下来的事就全交由input.c 来做了！
/**
* input_event() - report new input event
* @dev: device that generated the event
* @type: type of the event
* @code: event code
* @value: value of the event
*
* This function should be used by drivers implementing various input
* devices to report input events. See also input_inject_event().
*
* NOTE: input_event() may be safely used right after input device was
* allocated with input_allocate_device(), even before it is registered
* with input_register_device(), but the event will not reach any of the
* input handlers. Such early invocation of input_event() may be used
* to 'seed' initial state of a switch or initial position of absolute
* axis, etc.
*/
void input_event(struct input_dev *dev,
unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value)
{
unsigned long flags;
if (is_event_supported(type, dev->evbit, EV_MAX)) { //判断是否是注册时的event类型，驱动probe时注册input_dev时设置了能响应的event类型
spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->event_lock, flags); //自旋锁枷锁
add_input_randomness(type, code, value);
input_handle_event(dev, type, code, value); //进一步处理传上来的这个 event
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->event_lock, flags);//解锁
}
}
可以看到在这里首先就是过滤了事件类型，这个也是在usbtouchscreen中的probe中初始化过的！
类型有如下几种：
/* * Event types */ #define EV_SYN 0x00 #define EV_KEY 0x01 #define EV_REL 0x02 #define EV_ABS 0x03 #define EV_MSC 0x04 #define EV_SW 0x05 #define EV_LED 0x11 #define EV_SND 0x12 #define EV_REP 0x14 #define EV_FF 0x15 #define EV_PWR 0x16 #define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17 #define EV_MAX 0x1f #define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)
input_handle_event：
由上面的input_event 调入进这个handle处理。这里会根据type进行分类处理：
static void input_handle_event(struct input_dev *dev,
unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value)
{
int disposition = INPUT_IGNORE_EVENT; //初始为不做处理
switch (type) {
case EV_SYN:
switch (code) {
case SYN_CONFIG:
disposition = INPUT_PASS_TO_ALL;
break;
case SYN_REPORT:
if (!dev->sync) {
dev->sync = true;
disposition = INPUT_PASS_TO_HANDLERS;
}
break;
...
case EV_KEY:
if (is_event_supported(code, dev->keybit, KEY_MAX) && //按键code是否被keybit支持
!!test_bit(code, dev->key) != value) { //key是键盘当前所有键状态，测试code对应键状态，value传来事件的按键状态。此句表示按键状态应有变化
if (value != 2) {
__change_bit(code, dev->key); //改变key的值以改变按键状态。
if (value)
input_start_autorepeat(dev, code); //如果按键值为按下，则开始重复按键操作。具体会不会重复，input_start_autorepeat还会根据evbit中有没有置位重复事件等判断。
else
input_stop_autorepeat(dev); //如果是松开按键则应停止重复按键相关操作。
}
disposition = INPUT_PASS_TO_HANDLERS;
}
break;
...
case EV_ABS:
if (is_event_supported(code, dev->absbit, ABS_MAX)) //同上面一样看是否支持
disposition = input_handle_abs_event(dev, code, &value); //这个函数可以跟进去看，是做为筛选的，第一次是不会返回INPUT_IGNORE_EVENT ，后面如果有跟上次相同的ABS坐标就会被过滤掉，返回IGNORE
// err("jscese display disposition vlue ==0x%x,code==0x%x, value=http://www.mamicode.com/= 0x%x/n",disposition,code,value);>
这里先记录整个输入系统从设备驱动到上层的关系，以及从kernel中的驱动调用到input系统中的传递过程，虽然看到调用了input.c中的一些函数传递，但是对input核心还是没多少概念，
下篇解析记录一下input这个核心模块～
Linux/Android——输入子系统input_event传递
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