最近接手一个老项目，在老项目中使用了map存储缓存数据，如下：

#include "conf.h"
int Frame::parse()
{

    std::map<string, int64_t> tmpString;
    tmpString.insert(std::map<string, int64_t>::value_type(string("0000"), 12123323));
    tmpString.insert(std::map<string, int64_t>::value_type(string("1111"), 54678456)); //Crashes here.
    tmpString.insert(std::map<string, int64_t>::value_type(string("2222"), 45654548));
}

堆栈如下：

Thread [3] 29672 [core: 2] (Suspended : Signal : SIGSEGV:Segmentation fault)	
	std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::compare(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&) const at 0x354669c47d	
	std::operator< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >() at basic_string.h:2,317 0x449d91	
	std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::operator() at stl_function.h:230 0x44a46b	
	std::_Rb_tree<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::pair<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const, unsigned long>, std::_Select1st<std::pair<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const, unsigned long> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::pair<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const, unsigned long> > >::_M_insert_unique() at stl_tree.h:1,170 0x44ef40	
	std::map<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, unsigned long, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::pair<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const, unsigned long> > >::insert() at stl_map.h:500 0x44e9f5	
	Frame::parse() at AnySDFrame.cpp:220 0x44df6b	

查找了一上午也没找到原因。最后在stackoverflow中找到了相同的问题，结果找到了原因。

在“conf.h”文件中，我定义了一些结构体，并使用了#pragma pack(4)来设置结构体内存对齐，如下：

#include <string> 

#pragma pack (4)

typedef struct 
{ 
....
}

stackoverflow中也说明了器错误的应用头文件，导致了这一问题：

Problem solved.

Thought I‘d add it here on the off chance anyone else ever does the same thing.

I slowly removed files in my project to try and find the offending file. I was thinking that it must be something defined in a header file that was causing issues (like a static). It took a long time but I think I‘ve found it. I had a header file that defines a number of structs. These are serialized to the wire so I had them 1 byte aligned using #pragma pack (push) which I put at the top of the file and #pragma pack (pop) at the bottom. But I then added a couple of #include statements after the first #pragma definition meaning that these includes were aligned incorrectly and caused some nondeterministic behavior. Thanks everyone that had a look. Should probably use the attribute syntax and I wouldn‘t had the problem. Offending code is below for completeness.

例如下代码：

#pragma pack (push)
#pragma pack (1)

#include <string> //Wrong place for includes!
#include <Units.h> 

typedef struct 
{ 
....
}
#pragma pack (pop) 

Thanks to everyone who had a look at initial problem.

参考：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13153047/memory-corruption-due-to-pragma-pack-error-std-map-corruption-crashing-on-in

stl::map的insert插入数据报错:(Suspended : Signal : SIGSEGV:Segmentation fault)