SQL> startup;

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/u01/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora‘

--解决方案

[oracle@CentOS]$ cp /u01/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.91120140367 $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@CentOS]$ cp init.ora.91120140367 init.ora.91120140367.bak

[oracle@CentOS]$ mv init.ora.91120140367 initorcl.ora

SQL> startup

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SQL>  alter system set nls_date_format=‘YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘ scope=spfile;
 alter system set nls_date_format=‘YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘ scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32001: write to SPFILE requested but no SPFILE is in use

可以通过以下语句来确认是否是用spfile来启动的，为空表示用pfile启动
SQL> show parameter spfile;

使用以下语句来修改oracle来使用spfile启动
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup

ORA-01078: 、 LRM-00109: 及 ORA-32001: 报错的解决方案