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Oracle学习(十二)：存储过程/存储函数
1.知识点
--第一个存储过程
/*
打印Hello World
create [or replace] PROCEDURE 过程名(參数列表)
AS
PLSQL子程序体；
调用存储过程:
1. exec sayHelloWorld();
2. begin
sayHelloWorld();
sayHelloWorld();
end;
/
*/
create or replace procedure sayHelloWorld<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>--sayHelloWorld为过程名
as
--declare
--变量说明
begin
dbms_output.put_line(‘Hello World‘);
end;
/
----------------------------------------------
/*
给指定的员工涨100的工资，并打印涨前和涨后的薪水
create [or replace] PROCEDURE 过程名(參数列表) --in为输入參数，out为输出參数
AS
PLSQL子程序体；
SQL> begin
2 raiseSalary(7839);
3 raiseSalary(7566);
4 commit;
5 end;
6 /
涨前:7986 涨后:8086
涨前:5024.53 涨后:5124.53
PL/SQL 过程已成功完毕。
*/
create or replace procedure raiseSalary(eno in number)<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>--带输入參数的存储过程
as
--变量
psal emp.sal%type;
begin
--得到涨前薪水
select sal into psal from emp where empno=eno;
--涨工资
update emp set sal=sal+100 where empno=eno;
--问题：要不要commit？？答：不须要，由于整个事务还没有结束。等调用此存储过程后，再commit
--打印
dbms_output.put_line(‘涨前:‘||psal||‘ 涨后:‘||(psal+100));
end;
/
-------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
查询某个员工的年收入
CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION 函数名(參数列表)
RETURN 函数值类型
AS
PLSQL子程序体；
*/
create or replace function queryEmpIncome(eno in number)
return number<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>
as
--变量
psal emp.sal%type;
pcomm emp.comm%type;
begin
select sal,comm into psal,pcomm from emp where empno=eno;
return psal*12+nvl(pcomm,0);
end;
/
---------------------------------------------------------------------
--OUT參数
/*
查询某个员工的姓名 月薪 职位
*/
create or replace procedure queryEmpInfo(eno in number,
pename out varchar2,
psal out number,
pjob out varchar2)
as
begin
select ename,sal,empjob into pename,psal,pjob from emp where empno=eno;
end;
/
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--查询某个部门中全部员工的全部信息
--1.创建一个包：MYPACKAGE
--2.在该包中定义一个自己定义类型：empcursor 类型为游标，一个存储过程：queryemp
CREATE OR REPLACE
PACKAGE MYPACKAGE AS
type empcursor is ref cursor; --empcursor是一个自己定义类型：引用cursor的类型作为empcursor的类型
procedure queryEmpList(dno in number,empList out empcursor);
END MYPACKAGE;
==============================================
CREATE OR REPLACE
PACKAGE BODY MYPACKAGE AS
procedure queryEmpList(dno in number,empList out empcursor) AS
BEGIN
open empList for select * from emp where deptno=dno;
END queryEmpList;
END MYPACKAGE;
------------------------------------------------------------------
package demo.util;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import oracle.jdbc.OracleCallableStatement;
import oracle.jdbc.OracleTypes;
import org.junit.Test;
/*
*
* 性能:
* Statement < PreparedStatement < CallableStatement
* PreparedStatement：预编译SQL语句。运行的时候告诉參数。至少编辑一次
* CallableStatement：完毕对存储过程/存储函数的调用，没有编译过程，直接调用
*/
public class TestOracle {
/*
* create or replace
procedure queryEmpInfo(eno in number,
pename out varchar2,
psal out number,
pjob out varchar2)
*/
@Test
public void testProcedure(){
//调用存储过程
//{call <procedure-name>[(<arg1>,<arg2>, ...)]}
String sql = "{call queryEmpInfo(?,?,?,?)}";
Connection conn=null;
CallableStatement call = null;
try{
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
call = conn.prepareCall(sql);
//赋值
call.setInt(1, 7839);
//对于out參数。申明
call.registerOutParameter(2, OracleTypes.VARCHAR);
call.registerOutParameter(3, OracleTypes.NUMBER);
call.registerOutParameter(4, OracleTypes.VARCHAR);
//调用
call.execute();
//取出结果
String name = call.getString(2);
double sal = call.getDouble(3);
String job = call.getString(4);
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(sal);
System.out.println(job);
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtils.release(conn, call, null);
}
}
/*
* create or replace
function queryEmpIncome(eno in number)
return number
*/
@Test
public void testFunction(){
//存储函数样例
//{?
= call <procedure-name>[(<arg1>,<arg2>, ...)]}
String sql = "{?
=call queryEmpIncome(?
)}";
Connection conn = null;
CallableStatement call = null;
try{
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
call = conn.prepareCall(sql);
call.registerOutParameter(1, OracleTypes.NUMBER);
call.setInt(2, 7839);
//运行
call.execute();
//取出年收入
double income = call.getDouble(1);
System.out.println(income);
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtils.release(conn, call, null);
}
}
/*
* 问题：
* 1. 光标是否被关？:是。结构集关掉后光标就关掉了。
* 2. 能否在MYSQL上运行？：不能
*/
@Test
public void testCursor(){
String sql = "{call MYPACKAGE.queryEmpList(?,?
)}";
Connection conn = null;
CallableStatement call = null;
ResultSet rs =null;
try {
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
call = conn.prepareCall(sql);
call.setInt(1, 10);
call.registerOutParameter(2, OracleTypes.CURSOR);
//运行
call.execute();
//取出集合
rs = ((OracleCallableStatement)call).getCursor(2);
while(rs.next()){
String name = rs.getString("ename");
String job = rs.getString("job");
System.out.println(name+"的职位是"+job);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtils.release(conn, call, rs);
}
}
}
package demo.util;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JDBCUtils {
private static String driver="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";
private static String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";
private static String user="scott";
private static String password="tiger";
static{
try {
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
}
}
public static Connection getConnection(){
try {
return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/*
* 运行java程序
* java -Xms100M -Xmx200M HelloWorld
*/
public static void release(Connection conn,Statement stmt,ResultSet rs){
if(rs!=null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
rs=null;//垃圾回收：能否够通过代码干预垃圾回收？
}
}
if(stmt!=null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
rs=null;//垃圾回收：能否够通过代码干预垃圾回收？
}
}
if(conn!=null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
rs=null;//垃圾回收：能否够通过代码干预垃圾回收？
}
}
}
}
Oracle学习(十二)：存储过程/存储函数