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linux通过tar.gz源码包安装mysql
mysql版本:5.6 【http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.22.tar.gz】
官方参考:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/installing-source-distribution.html
安装要求:
这里提到的安装要求:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-installation.html
需要工具:CMake http://www.cmake.org
make工具:http://www.gnu.org/software/make/ GNU make 3.75 or newer
ANSI C++ compiler:GCC 4.2.1 or later
Perl : Perl is needed if you intend to run test scripts 【option】
bison : 2.1 or newer
M4:On OpenSolaris and Solaris Express
而这里的安装要求:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/cmake-prerequisites.html
安装CMake的要求:
CMake:Version 2.6.3 or later http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/cmake.html
Unix: Compiler and make utility【gcc,make】, curses
dev package on Linux
All platforms: bison http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-2.5.tar.gz
OpenSolaris/Solaris: m4 http://www.gnu.org/software/m4/
大家可以看到两个要求是一致的(废话肯定一致,两个本来说的就是一个事。只是为了避免大家迷惑才两个都拿来说)
安装mysql配置项:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-configuration-options.html
要注意的就是安装自己用到的字符集,data目录配置,存储引擎的支持【innodb需要明确配置,My_ISAM默认会安装】
字符集 可以在随便一个mysql中执行 SHOW COLLATION 语句,查看所有的。
正式安装:
345 tar zxvf mysql-5.6.22.tar.gz 346 ls 347 cd mysql-5.6.22 348 ls 349 groupadd mysql 350 useradd -r -g mysql mysql 351 cmake . 352 make 353 cmake --help 354 make clean 355 rm CMakeCache.txt 356 make install 357 cd /usr/local/mysql/ 358 chown -R mysql . 359 chgrp -R mysql . 360 scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 361 chown -R root . 362 chown -R mysql data 363 bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 364 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p 365 ls /tmp/ 366 ls /tmp/mysql.sock 367 bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 368 netstat -an |grep 3306 371 ps aux |grep mysql 372 bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 373 less /var/log/mysqld.log 374 mkdir /var/run/mysqld 375 chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld 376 bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 377 bin/mysql -uroot -p 378 ps aux |grep mysql 379 netstat -an |grep 3306 380 bin/mysql -uroot -p 382 ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock 384 bin/mysql -uroot -p 397 cp /etc/init.d/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 398 chkconfig --add mysqld 399 chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on 400 service mysqld stop 401 service mysqld restart 402 pkill mysql 403 service mysqld restart 404 bin/mysql -uroot -p 405 halt 407 service mysqld start
安装完成。
中间遇到的问题:
安装完成后mysql启动不了:
启动mysql时报错:Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysqlSTOPPING server from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid071112 00:22:06 mysqld ended查看日志:#less /var/log/mysqld.log其中有一段如下:071112 0:22:06 [ERROR] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Can‘t create/write to file ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid‘ (Errcode: 2)071112 0:22:06 [ERROR] Can‘t start server: can‘t create PID file: No such file or directory071112 00:22:06 mysqld ended#cd /var/run/#ls
mysqld目录不存在,创建。
374 mkdir /var/run/mysqld
375 chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld
可以正常启动了,但是用客户端连接mysqld 又错:
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqladmin -u root password rootbin/mysqladmin: connect to server at ‘localhost‘ failederror: ‘Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock‘ (2)‘Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: ‘/tmp/mysql.sock‘ exists![root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql -u root -pEnter password:ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock‘ (2)分析:是/tmp/mysql.sock 不存在
由于mysql 默认的mysql.sock 是在/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock,创建符号连接:
382 ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
再重启,可以了。
1 #!/bin/sh 2 # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB 3 # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind 4 5 # MySQL daemon start/stop script. 6 7 # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based 8 # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. 9 # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is 10 # started and shut down when the systems goes down. 11 12 # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux 13 # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 14 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. 15 16 # Comments to support LSB init script conventions 17 ### BEGIN INIT INFO 18 # Provides: mysql 19 # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs 20 # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd 21 # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs 22 # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 23 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 24 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL 25 # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. 26 ### END INIT INFO 27 28 # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you 29 # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: 30 # 31 # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory 32 # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: 33 # [mysqld] 34 # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> 35 # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) 36 # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin 37 # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable 38 # below. 39 # 40 # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes 41 # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. 42 43 # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get 44 # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. 45 46 basedir= 47 datadir= 48 49 # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting 50 # for server start. 51 # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. 52 # 0 means don‘t wait at all 53 # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely 54 service_startup_timeout=900 55 56 # Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE. 57 lockdir=‘/var/lock/subsys‘ 58 lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql" 59 60 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. 61 62 # Set some defaults 63 mysqld_pid_file_path= 64 if test -z "$basedir" 65 then 66 basedir=/usr/local/mysql 67 bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 68 if test -z "$datadir" 69 then 70 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 71 fi 72 sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 73 libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 74 else 75 bindir="$basedir/bin" 76 if test -z "$datadir" 77 then 78 datadir="$basedir/data" 79 fi 80 sbindir="$basedir/sbin" 81 libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" 82 fi 83 84 # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be 85 # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) 86 datadir_set= 87 88 # 89 # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible 90 # 91 lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" 92 if test -f $lsb_functions ; then 93 . $lsb_functions 94 else 95 log_success_msg() 96 { 97 echo " SUCCESS! $@" 98 } 99 log_failure_msg()100 {101 echo " ERROR! $@"102 }103 fi104 105 PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"106 export PATH107 108 mode=$1 # start or stop109 110 [ $# -ge 1 ] && shift111 112 113 other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action114 # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"115 # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility116 # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.117 118 case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in119 *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;120 *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;121 *) echo_n= echo_c=‘\c‘ ;;122 esac123 124 parse_server_arguments() {125 for arg do126 case "$arg" in127 --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘`128 bindir="$basedir/bin"129 if test -z "$datadir_set"; then130 datadir="$basedir/data"131 fi132 sbindir="$basedir/sbin"133 libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"134 ;;135 --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘`136 datadir_set=1137 ;;138 --pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;139 --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;140 esac141 done142 }143 144 wait_for_pid () {145 verb="$1" # created | removed146 pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file147 pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.148 149 i=0150 avoid_race_condition="by checking again"151 152 while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do153 154 case "$verb" in155 ‘created‘)156 # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.157 test -s "$pid_file_path" && i=‘‘ && break158 ;;159 ‘removed‘)160 # wait for this PID-file to disappear161 test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i=‘‘ && break162 ;;163 *)164 echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"165 exit 1166 ;;167 esac168 169 # if server isn‘t running, then pid-file will never be updated170 if test -n "$pid"; then171 if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then172 : # the server still runs173 else174 # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. 175 if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then176 avoid_race_condition=""177 continue # Check again.178 fi179 180 # there‘s nothing that will affect the file.181 log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."182 return 1 # not waiting any more.183 fi184 fi185 186 echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"187 i=`expr $i + 1`188 sleep 1189 190 done191 192 if test -z "$i" ; then193 log_success_msg194 return 0195 else196 log_failure_msg197 return 1198 fi199 }200 201 # Get arguments from the my.cnf file,202 # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]203 if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults204 then205 print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"206 elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults207 then208 print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"209 elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults210 then211 print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"212 else213 # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf214 conf=/etc/my.cnf215 print_defaults=216 if test -r $conf217 then218 subpat=‘^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$‘219 dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e ‘s//\1/‘ $conf`220 for d in $dirs221 do222 d=`echo $d | sed -e ‘s/[ ]//g‘`223 if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"224 then225 print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"226 break227 fi228 if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"229 then230 print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"231 break232 fi233 done234 fi235 236 # Hope it‘s in the PATH ... but I doubt it237 test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"238 fi239 240 #241 # Read defaults file from ‘basedir‘. If there is no defaults file there242 # check if it‘s in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there243 #244 245 extra_args=""246 if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"247 then248 extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"249 else250 if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"251 then252 extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"253 fi254 fi255 256 parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`257 258 #259 # Set pid file if not given260 #261 if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"262 then263 mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid264 else265 case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in266 /* ) ;;267 * ) mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;268 esac269 fi270 271 case "$mode" in272 ‘start‘)273 # Start daemon274 275 # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)276 cd $basedir277 278 echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"279 if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe280 then281 # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script282 # may be overwritten at next upgrade.283 $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &284 wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=http://www.mamicode.com/$?>285 286 # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE287 if test -w "$lockdir"288 then289 touch "$lock_file_path"290 fi291 292 exit $return_value293 else294 log_failure_msg "Couldn‘t find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"295 fi296 ;;297 298 ‘stop‘)299 # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the300 # root password.301 302 if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"303 then304 mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`305 306 if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)307 then308 echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"309 kill $mysqld_pid310 # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.311 wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=http://www.mamicode.com/$?>312 else313 log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"314 rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"315 fi316 317 # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE318 if test -f "$lock_file_path"319 then320 rm -f "$lock_file_path"321 fi322 exit $return_value323 else324 log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"325 fi326 ;;327 328 ‘restart‘)329 # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was330 # running or not, start it again.331 if $0 stop $other_args; then332 $0 start $other_args333 else334 log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."335 exit 1336 fi337 ;;338 339 ‘reload‘|‘force-reload‘)340 if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then341 read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"342 kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"343 touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"344 else345 log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"346 exit 1347 fi348 ;;349 ‘status‘)350 # First, check to see if pid file exists351 if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then 352 read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"353 if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then 354 log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"355 exit 0356 else357 log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"358 exit 1359 fi360 else361 # Try to find appropriate mysqld process362 mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`363 364 # test if multiple pids exist365 pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`366 if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then367 log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"368 exit 5369 elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then 370 if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then 371 log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"372 exit 2373 fi 374 log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"375 exit 3376 else377 log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"378 exit 4379 fi380 fi381 ;;382 *)383 # usage384 basename=`basename "$0"`385 echo "Usage: $basename {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]"386 exit 1387 ;;388 esac389 390 exit 0
参考:
http://blog.csdn.net/itchiang/article/details/9012493
跟两个无关的yum配置连接,我中间做其他事情用到了。
http://www.cnblogs.com/shuaixf/archive/2011/11/30/2268496.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26683523-id-3074744.html
linux通过tar.gz源码包安装mysql