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Python3 basedao.py的优化

  之前一篇Python 封装DBUtils 和pymysql 中写过一个basedao.py,最近几天又重新整理了下思绪,优化了下 basedao.py,目前支持的方法还不多,后续会进行改进、添加。

  主要功能:

    1.查询单个对象:

      所需参数:表名,过滤条件

    2.查询多个对象:
      所需参数:表名,过滤条件

    3.按主键查询:
      所需参数:表名,值

    4.分页查询:
      所需参数:表名,页码,每页记录数,过滤条件

  具体代码如下:  

技术分享
  1 import json, os, sys, time
  2 
  3 import pymysql
  4 from DBUtils import PooledDB
  5 
  6 class BaseDao(object):
  7     """
  8     简便的数据库操作基类
  9     """
 10     __config = {}                   # 数据库连接配置
 11     __conn = None                   # 数据库连接
 12     __cursor = None                 # 数据库游标
 13     __database = None               # 用于临时村塾查询数据库
 14     __tableName = None              # 用于临时存储查询表名
 15     __fields = []                   # 用于临时存储查询表的字段列表
 16     __primaryKey_dict = {}          # 用于存储配置中的数据库中所有表的主键
 17 
 18     def __init__(self, creator=pymysql, host="localhost", user=None, password="", database=None, port=3306, charset="utf8"):
 19         if host is None:
 20             raise Exception("Parameter [host] is None.")
 21         if user is None:
 22             raise Exception("Parameter [user] is None.")
 23         if password is None:
 24             raise Exception("Parameter [password] is None.")
 25         if database is None:
 26             raise Exception("Parameter [database] is None.")
 27         if port is None:
 28             raise Exception("Parameter [port] is None.")
 29         self.__config = dict({
 30             "creator" : creator, "charset":charset,
 31             "host":host, "port":port, 
 32             "user":user, "password":password, "database":database
 33         })
 34         self.__conn = PooledDB.connect(**self.__config)
 35         self.__cursor = self.__conn.cursor()
 36         self.__database = self.__config["database"]
 37         self.__init_primaryKey()
 38         print(get_time(), "数据库连接初始化成功。")
 39         
 40     def __del__(self):
 41         重写类被清除时调用的方法
 42         if self.__cursor:
 43             self.__cursor.close()
 44             print(get_time(), "游标关闭")
 45         if self.__conn:
 46             self.__conn.close()
 47             print(get_time(), "连接关闭")
 48 
 49     def select_one(self, tableName=None, filters={}):
 50         ‘‘‘
 51         查询单个对象
 52         @tableName 表名
 53         @filters 过滤条件
 54         @return 返回字典集合,集合中以表字段作为 key,字段值作为 value
 55         ‘‘‘
 56         self.__check_params(tableName)
 57         sql = self.__query_util(filters)
 58         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
 59         result = self.__cursor.fetchone()
 60         return self.__parse_result(result)
 61 
 62     def select_pk(self, tableName=None, primaryKey=None):
 63         ‘‘‘
 64         按主键查询
 65         @tableName 表名
 66         @primaryKey 主键值
 67         ‘‘‘
 68         self.__check_params(tableName)
 69         filters = {}
 70         filters.setdefault(str(self.__primaryKey_dict[tableName]), primaryKey)
 71         sql = self.__query_util(filters)
 72         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
 73         result = self.__cursor.fetchone()
 74         return self.__parse_result(result)
 75         
 76     def select_all(self, tableName=None, filters={}):
 77         ‘‘‘
 78         查询所有
 79         @tableName 表名
 80         @filters 过滤条件
 81         @return 返回字典集合,集合中以表字段作为 key,字段值作为 value
 82         ‘‘‘
 83         self.__check_params(tableName)
 84         sql = self.__query_util(filters)
 85         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
 86         results = self.__cursor.fetchall()
 87         return self.__parse_results(results)
 88 
 89     def count(self, tableName=None):
 90         ‘‘‘
 91         统计记录数
 92         ‘‘‘
 93         self.__check_params(tableName)
 94         sql = "SELECT count(*) FROM %s"%(self.__tableName)
 95         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
 96         result = self.__cursor.fetchone()
 97         return result[0]
 98 
 99     def select_page(self, tableName=None, pageNum=1, limit=10, filters={}):
100         ‘‘‘
101         分页查询
102         @tableName 表名
103         @return 返回字典集合,集合中以表字段作为 key,字段值作为 value
104         ‘‘‘
105         self.__check_params(tableName)
106         totalCount = self.count()
107         if totalCount / limit == 0 :
108             totalPage = totalCount / limit
109         else:
110             totalPage = totalCount // limit + 1
111         if pageNum > totalPage:
112             print("最大页数为%d"%totalPage)
113             pageNum = totalPage
114         elif pageNum < 1:
115             print("页数不能小于1")
116             pageNum = 1
117         beginindex = (pageNum-1) * limit
118         filters.setdefault("_limit_", (beginindex, limit))
119         sql = self.__query_util(filters)
120         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
121         results = self.__cursor.fetchall()
122         return self.__parse_results(results)
123 
124     def __parse_result(self, result):
125         用于解析单个查询结果,返回字典对象
126         obj = {}
127         for k,v in zip(self.__fields, result):
128             obj[k] = v
129         return obj
130 
131     def __parse_results(self, results):
132         用于解析多个查询结果,返回字典列表对象
133         objs = []
134         for result in results:
135             obj = self.__parse_result(result)
136             objs.append(obj)
137         return objs
138 
139     def __init_primaryKey(self):
140         根据配置中的数据库读取该数据库中所有表的主键集合
141         sql = """SELECT TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME
142                 FROM  Information_schema.columns
143                 WHERE COLUMN_KEY=‘PRI‘ AND TABLE_SCHEMA=‘%s‘"""%(self.__database)
144         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
145         results = self.__cursor.fetchall()
146         for result in results:
147             self.__primaryKey_dict[result[0]] = result[1]
148 
149     def __query_fields(self, tableName=None, database=None):
150         查询表的字段列表, 将查询出来的字段列表存入 __fields 中
151         sql = """SELECT column_name
152                 FROM  Information_schema.columns
153                 WHERE table_Name = ‘%s‘ AND TABLE_SCHEMA=‘%s‘"""%(tableName, database)
154         self.__cursor.execute(sql)
155         fields_tuple = self.__cursor.fetchall()
156         self.__fields = [fields[0] for fields in fields_tuple]
157 
158     def __query_util(self, filters=None):
159         """
160         SQL 语句拼接方法
161         @filters 过滤条件
162         """
163         sql = rSELECT #{FIELDS} FROM #{TABLE_NAME} WHERE 1=1 #{FILTERS}
164         # 拼接查询表
165         sql = sql.replace("#{TABLE_NAME}", self.__tableName)
166         # 拼接查询字段
167         self.__query_fields(self.__tableName, self.__database)
168         FIELDS = ""
169         for field in self.__fields:
170             FIELDS += field + ", "
171         FIELDS = FIELDS[0: len(FIELDS)-2]
172         sql = sql.replace("#{FIELDS}", FIELDS)
173         # 拼接查询条件(待优化)
174         if filters is None:
175             sql = sql.replace("#{FILTERS}", "")
176         else:
177             FILTERS =  ""
178             if not isinstance(filters, dict):
179                 raise Exception("Parameter [filters] must be dict type. ")
180             isPage = False
181             if filters.get("_limit_"):
182                 isPage = True
183                 beginindex, limit = filters.get("_limit_")
184             for k, v in filters.items():
185                 if k.startswith("_in_"):                # 拼接 in
186                     FILTERS += "AND %s IN (" %(k[4:])
187                     values = v.split(",")
188                     for value in values:
189                         FILTERS += "%s,"%value
190                     FILTERS = FILTERS[0:len(FILTERS)-1] + ") "
191                 elif k.startswith("_nein_"):            # 拼接 not in
192                     FILTERS += "AND %s NOT IN (" %(k[4:])
193                     values = v.split(",")
194                     for value in values:
195                         FILTERS += "%s,"%value
196                     FILTERS = FILTERS[0:len(FILTERS)-1] + ") "
197                 elif k.startswith("_like_"):            # 拼接 like
198                     FILTERS += "AND %s like ‘%%%s%%‘ " %(k[6:], v)
199                 elif k.startswith("_ne_"):              # 拼接不等于
200                     FILTERS += "AND %s != ‘%s‘ " %(k[4:], v)
201                 elif k.startswith("_lt_"):              # 拼接小于
202                     FILTERS += "AND %s < ‘%s‘ " %(k[4:], v)
203                 elif k.startswith("_le_"):              # 拼接小于等于
204                     FILTERS += "AND %s <= ‘%s‘ " %(k[4:], v)
205                 elif k.startswith("_gt_"):              # 拼接大于
206                     FILTERS += "AND %s > ‘%s‘ " %(k[4:], v)
207                 elif k.startswith("_ge_"):              # 拼接大于等于
208                     FILTERS += "AND %s >= ‘%s‘ " %(k[4:], v)
209                 elif k in self.__fields:                # 拼接等于
210                     FILTERS += "AND %s = ‘%s‘ "%(k, v)
211             sql = sql.replace("#{FILTERS}", FILTERS)
212             if isPage:
213                 sql += "LIMIT %d,%d"%(beginindex, limit)
214 
215         print(get_time(), sql)
216         return sql
217 
218     def __check_params(self, tableName):
219         ‘‘‘
220         检查参数
221         ‘‘‘
222         if tableName:
223             self.__tableName = tableName
224         else:
225             if self.__tableName is None:
226                 raise Exception("Parameter [tableName] is None.")
227 
228 def get_time():
229     return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
230 
231 if __name__ == "__main__":
232     config = {
233         # "creator": pymysql,
234         # "host" : "127.0.0.1", 
235         "user" : "root", 
236         "password" : "root",
237         "database" : "test", 
238         # "port" : 3306,
239         # "charset" : ‘utf8‘
240     }
241     base = BaseDao(**config)
242     ########################################################################
243     # user = base.select_one("user")
244     # print(user)
245     ########################################################################
246     # users = base.select_all("user")
247     # print(users)
248     ########################################################################
249     # filter1 = {
250     #     "sex":0,
251     #     "_in_id":"1,2,3,4,5",
252     #     "_like_name":"zhang",
253     #     "_ne_name":"wangwu"
254     # }
255     # user_filters = base.select_all(tableName="user", filters=filter1)
256     # print(user_filters)
257     ########################################################################
258     # menu = base.select_one(tableName="menu")
259     # print(menu)
260     ########################################################################
261     # user_pk = base.select_pk("user", 2)
262     # print(user_pk)
263     ########################################################################
264     # filter2 = {
265     #     "_in_id":"1,2,3,4",
266     #     "_like_name":"test"
267     # }
268     # user_limit = base.select_page("user", 2, 10, filter2)  #未实现
269     # print(user_limit)
270     ########################################################################
View Code

  代码中已经给出了几个具体示例,大家可以参考使用。

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Python3 basedao.py的优化