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HTML5重力感应小球冲撞动画实现教程

今天我们来分享一款很酷的HTML5重力感应动画教程,这款动画可以让你甩动页面中的小球,小球的大小都不同,并且鼠标点击空白区域时又可以生成一定数量的小球。当我们甩动小球时,各个小球之间就会发生互相碰撞的效果,并且在运动过程中模拟了重力感应的物理效果。你可以在DEMO演示中来尝试一下。

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接下来我们来分析一下这款超酷的HTML5重力动画实现的思路及源码,主要由HTML代码和Javascript代码组成。

HTML代码:

<div id="canvas"></div>

还是很简单,HTML仅仅是列出了一个canvas容器,今后我们将在这里生成一些列canvas元素,这些小球就在canvas中运动。

另外由于该动画利用了box2d的js脚本库,所以在页面上你也需要引用它:

<script src="box2d.js"></script>

接下来是Javascript代码,在canvas上动态创建大小和样式不一的小球,并发生碰撞效果。

Javascript代码:

var canvas; var delta = [ 0, 0 ]; var stage = [ window.screenX, window.screenY, window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight ];getBrowserDimensions(); var themes = [ [ "#10222B", "#95AB63", "#BDD684", "#E2F0D6", "#F6FFE0" ],        [ "#362C2A", "#732420", "#BF734C", "#FAD9A0", "#736859" ],        [ "#0D1114", "#102C2E", "#695F4C", "#EBBC5E", "#FFFBB8" ],        [ "#2E2F38", "#FFD63E", "#FFB54B", "#E88638", "#8A221C" ],        [ "#121212", "#E6F2DA", "#C9F24B", "#4D7B85", "#23383D" ],        [ "#343F40", "#736751", "#F2D7B6", "#BFAC95", "#8C3F3F" ],        [ "#000000", "#2D2B2A", "#561812", "#B81111", "#FFFFFF" ],        [ "#333B3A", "#B4BD51", "#543B38", "#61594D", "#B8925A" ] ]; var theme; var worldAABB, world, iterations = 1, timeStep = 1 / 15; var walls = []; var wall_thickness = 200; var wallsSetted = false; var bodies, elements, text; var createMode = false; var destroyMode = false; var isMouseDown = false; var mouseJoint; var mouse = { x: 0, y: 0 }; var gravity = { x: 0, y: 1 }; var PI2 = Math.PI * 2; var timeOfLastTouch = 0;init();play(); function init() {    canvas = document.getElementById( ‘canvas‘ );    document.onmousedown = onDocumentMouseDown;    document.onmouseup = onDocumentMouseUp;    document.onmousemove = onDocumentMouseMove;    document.ondblclick = onDocumentDoubleClick;    document.addEventListener( ‘touchstart‘, onDocumentTouchStart, false );    document.addEventListener( ‘touchmove‘, onDocumentTouchMove, false );    document.addEventListener( ‘touchend‘, onDocumentTouchEnd, false );    window.addEventListener( ‘deviceorientation‘, onWindowDeviceOrientation, false ); // init box2d  worldAABB = new b2AABB();    worldAABB.minVertex.Set( -200, -200 );    worldAABB.maxVertex.Set( window.innerWidth + 200, window.innerHeight + 200 );    world = new b2World( worldAABB, new b2Vec2( 0, 0 ), true );    setWalls();    reset();} function play() {    setInterval( loop, 1000 / 40 );} function reset() { var i; if ( bodies ) { for ( i = 0; i < bodies.length; i++ ) { var body = bodies[ i ]            canvas.removeChild( body.GetUserData().element );            world.DestroyBody( body );            body = null;        }    } // color theme theme = themes[ Math.random() * themes.length >> 0 ];    document.body.style[ ‘backgroundColor‘ ] = theme[ 0 ];    bodies = [];    elements = [];    createInstructions(); for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) {        createBall();    }} //  function onDocumentMouseDown() {    isMouseDown = true; return false;} function onDocumentMouseUp() {    isMouseDown = false; return false;} function onDocumentMouseMove( event ) {    mouse.x = event.clientX;    mouse.y = event.clientY;} function onDocumentDoubleClick() {    reset();} function onDocumentTouchStart( event ) { if( event.touches.length == 1 ) {        event.preventDefault(); // Faking double click for touch devices var now = new Date().getTime(); if ( now - timeOfLastTouch  < 250 ) {            reset(); return;        }        timeOfLastTouch = now;        mouse.x = event.touches[ 0 ].pageX;        mouse.y = event.touches[ 0 ].pageY;        isMouseDown = true;    }} function onDocumentTouchMove( event ) { if ( event.touches.length == 1 ) {        event.preventDefault();        mouse.x = event.touches[ 0 ].pageX;        mouse.y = event.touches[ 0 ].pageY;    }} function onDocumentTouchEnd( event ) { if ( event.touches.length == 0 ) {        event.preventDefault();        isMouseDown = false;    }} function onWindowDeviceOrientation( event ) { if ( event.beta ) {        gravity.x = Math.sin( event.gamma * Math.PI / 180 );        gravity.y = Math.sin( ( Math.PI / 4 ) + event.beta * Math.PI / 180 );    }} //  function createInstructions() { var size = 250; var element = document.createElement( ‘div‘ );    element.width = size;    element.height = size;        element.style.position = ‘absolute‘;    element.style.left = -200 + ‘px‘;    element.style.top = -200 + ‘px‘;    element.style.cursor = "default";    canvas.appendChild(element);    elements.push( element ); var circle = document.createElement( ‘canvas‘ );    circle.width = size;    circle.height = size; var graphics = circle.getContext( ‘2d‘ );    graphics.fillStyle = theme[ 3 ];    graphics.beginPath();    graphics.arc( size * .5, size * .5, size * .5, 0, PI2, true );    graphics.closePath();    graphics.fill();    element.appendChild( circle );    text = document.createElement( ‘div‘ );    text.onSelectStart = null;    text.innerHTML = ‘<span style="color:‘ + theme[0] + ‘;font-size:40px;">Hello!</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:15px;"><strong>This is how it works:</strong><br /><br />1. Drag a ball.<br />2.&nbsp;Click&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;background.<br />3. Shake your browser.<br />4. Double click.<br />5. Play!</span>‘;    text.style.color = theme[1];    text.style.position = ‘absolute‘;    text.style.left = ‘0px‘;    text.style.top = ‘0px‘;    text.style.fontFamily = ‘Georgia‘;    text.style.textAlign = ‘center‘;    element.appendChild(text);    text.style.left = ((250 - text.clientWidth) / 2) +‘px‘;    text.style.top = ((250 - text.clientHeight) / 2) +‘px‘; var b2body = new b2BodyDef(); var circle = new b2CircleDef();    circle.radius = size / 2;    circle.density = 1;    circle.friction = 0.3;    circle.restitution = 0.3;    b2body.AddShape(circle);    b2body.userData = {element: element};    b2body.position.Set( Math.random() * stage[2], Math.random() * -200 );    b2body.linearVelocity.Set( Math.random() * 400 - 200, Math.random() * 400 - 200 );    bodies.push( world.CreateBody(b2body) );    } function createBall( x, y ) { var x = x || Math.random() * stage[2]; var y = y || Math.random() * -200; var size = (Math.random() * 100 >> 0) + 20; var element = document.createElement("canvas");    element.width = size;    element.height = size;    element.style.position = ‘absolute‘;    element.style.left = -200 + ‘px‘;    element.style.top = -200 + ‘px‘;    element.style.WebkitTransform = ‘translateZ(0)‘;    element.style.MozTransform = ‘translateZ(0)‘;    element.style.OTransform = ‘translateZ(0)‘;    element.style.msTransform = ‘translateZ(0)‘;    element.style.transform = ‘translateZ(0)‘; var graphics = element.getContext("2d"); var num_circles = Math.random() * 10 >> 0; for (var i = size; i > 0; i-= (size/num_circles)) {  graphics.fillStyle = theme[ (Math.random() * 4 >> 0) + 1];        graphics.beginPath();        graphics.arc(size * .5, size * .5, i * .5, 0, PI2, true);         graphics.closePath();        graphics.fill();    }    canvas.appendChild(element);    elements.push( element ); var b2body = new b2BodyDef(); var circle = new b2CircleDef();    circle.radius = size >> 1;    circle.density = 1;    circle.friction = 0.3;    circle.restitution = 0.3;    b2body.AddShape(circle);    b2body.userData = {element: element};    b2body.position.Set( x, y );    b2body.linearVelocity.Set( Math.random() * 400 - 200, Math.random() * 400 - 200 );    bodies.push( world.CreateBody(b2body) );} //  function loop() { if (getBrowserDimensions()) {        setWalls();    }    delta[0] += (0 - delta[0]) * .5;    delta[1] += (0 - delta[1]) * .5;    world.m_gravity.x = gravity.x * 350 + delta[0];    world.m_gravity.y = gravity.y * 350 + delta[1];    mouseDrag();    world.Step(timeStep, iterations); for (i = 0; i < bodies.length; i++) { var body = bodies[i]; var element = elements[i];        element.style.left = (body.m_position0.x - (element.width >> 1)) + ‘px‘;        element.style.top = (body.m_position0.y - (element.height >> 1)) + ‘px‘; if (element.tagName == ‘DIV‘) { var style = ‘rotate(‘ + (body.m_rotation0 * 57.2957795) + ‘deg) translateZ(0)‘;            text.style.WebkitTransform = style;            text.style.MozTransform = style;            text.style.OTransform = style;            text.style.msTransform = style;            text.style.transform = style;        }    }} // .. BOX2D UTILS function createBox(world, x, y, width, height, fixed) { if (typeof(fixed) == ‘undefined‘) {        fixed = true;    } var boxSd = new b2BoxDef(); if (!fixed) {        boxSd.density = 1.0;    }    boxSd.extents.Set(width, height); var boxBd = new b2BodyDef();    boxBd.AddShape(boxSd);    boxBd.position.Set(x,y); return world.CreateBody(boxBd);} function mouseDrag(){ // mouse press if (createMode) {        createBall( mouse.x, mouse.y );    } else if (isMouseDown && !mouseJoint) { var body = getBodyAtMouse(); if (body) { var md = new b2MouseJointDef();            md.body1 = world.m_groundBody;            md.body2 = body;            md.target.Set(mouse.x, mouse.y);            md.maxForce = 30000 * body.m_mass; // md.timeStep = timeStep; mouseJoint = world.CreateJoint(md);            body.WakeUp();        } else {            createMode = true;        }    } // mouse release if (!isMouseDown) {        createMode = false;        destroyMode = false; if (mouseJoint) {            world.DestroyJoint(mouseJoint);            mouseJoint = null;        }    } // mouse move if (mouseJoint) { var p2 = new b2Vec2(mouse.x, mouse.y);        mouseJoint.SetTarget(p2);    }} function getBodyAtMouse() { // Make a small box. var mousePVec = new b2Vec2();    mousePVec.Set(mouse.x, mouse.y); var aabb = new b2AABB();    aabb.minVertex.Set(mouse.x - 1, mouse.y - 1);    aabb.maxVertex.Set(mouse.x + 1, mouse.y + 1); // Query the world for overlapping shapes. var k_maxCount = 10; var shapes = new Array(); var count = world.Query(aabb, shapes, k_maxCount); var body = null; for (var i = 0; i < count; ++i) { if (shapes[i].m_body.IsStatic() == false) { if ( shapes[i].TestPoint(mousePVec) ) {                body = shapes[i].m_body; break;            }        }    } return body;} function setWalls() { if (wallsSetted) {        world.DestroyBody(walls[0]);        world.DestroyBody(walls[1]);        world.DestroyBody(walls[2]);        world.DestroyBody(walls[3]);        walls[0] = null;         walls[1] = null;        walls[2] = null;        walls[3] = null;    }    walls[0] = createBox(world, stage[2] / 2, - wall_thickness, stage[2], wall_thickness);    walls[1] = createBox(world, stage[2] / 2, stage[3] + wall_thickness, stage[2], wall_thickness);    walls[2] = createBox(world, - wall_thickness, stage[3] / 2, wall_thickness, stage[3]);    walls[3] = createBox(world, stage[2] + wall_thickness, stage[3] / 2, wall_thickness, stage[3]);        wallsSetted = true;} // BROWSER DIMENSIONS function getBrowserDimensions() { var changed = false; if (stage[0] != window.screenX) {        delta[0] = (window.screenX - stage[0]) * 50;        stage[0] = window.screenX;        changed = true;    } if (stage[1] != window.screenY) {        delta[1] = (window.screenY - stage[1]) * 50;        stage[1] = window.screenY;        changed = true;    } if (stage[2] != window.innerWidth) {        stage[2] = window.innerWidth;        changed = true;    } if (stage[3] != window.innerHeight) {        stage[3] = window.innerHeight;        changed = true;    } return changed;}

via:http://www.w2bc.com/Article/4703

HTML5重力感应小球冲撞动画实现教程