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云服务器 ECS Linux 系统下使用 dig 命令查询域名解析
云服务器 ECS Linux 系统可以使用通常自带的 dig 命令来查询域名解析情况。本文对此进行简要说明。
查询域名 A 记录
命令格式：
dig <域名>比如，查询域名 www.aliyun.com 的解析情况：
$ dig www.aliyun.com; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.37.rc1.el6_7.7 <<>> www.aliyun.com;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 15919;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 4;; QUESTION SECTION:;www.aliyun.com. IN A;; ANSWER SECTION:www.aliyun.com. 600 IN CNAME www-adns.aliyun.com.www-adns.aliyun.com. 300 IN CNAME www-adns.aliyun.com.gds.alibabadns.com.www-adns.aliyun.com.gds.alibabadns.com. 247 IN A 140.205.62.8;; AUTHORITY SECTION:gds.alibabadns.com. 82 IN NS gdsns2.alibabadns.com.gds.alibabadns.com. 82 IN NS gdsns1.alibabadns.com.;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:gdsns1.alibabadns.com. 877 IN A 140.205.122.66gdsns1.alibabadns.com. 877 IN A 198.11.138.254gdsns2.alibabadns.com. 877 IN A 140.205.67.254gdsns2.alibabadns.com. 877 IN A 140.205.122.88;; Query time: 49 msec;; SERVER: 10.242.197.247#53(10.242.197.247);; WHEN: Thu Jun 9 18:43:55 2016;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 226查询域名解析在指定 DNS 服务器解析是否生效
命令格式：
dig <域名> @<DNS 服务器地址>比如，查询 www.aliyun.com 在 223.5.5.5 DNS 服务器是否解析生效：
$ dig www.aliyun.com @223.5.5.5; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.37.rc1.el6_7.7 <<>> www.aliyun.com @223.5.5.5;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 29651;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0;; QUESTION SECTION:;www.aliyun.com. IN A;; ANSWER SECTION:www.aliyun.com. 95 IN CNAME www-adns.aliyun.com. # 查询到的解析记录www-adns.aliyun.com. 95 IN CNAME www-adns.aliyun.com.gds.alibabadns.com. # 查询到的解析记录www-adns.aliyun.com.gds.alibabadns.com. 95 IN A 140.205.63.8;; Query time: 0 msec;; SERVER: 223.5.5.5#53(223.5.5.5);; WHEN: Thu Jun 9 18:44:42 2016;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 120查询域名的 CNAME 记录
命令格式：
dig CNAME <域名>比如，查询域名 www.aliyun.com 的 CNAME 记录:
# dig CNAME www.aliyun.com; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> CNAME www.aliyun.com;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4690;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 7;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096;; QUESTION SECTION:;www.aliyun.com. IN CNAME;; ANSWER SECTION:www.aliyun.com. 120 IN CNAME www-intl-adns.aliyun.com. # 查询到的 CNAME 信息;; AUTHORITY SECTION:aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns5.aliyun.com.aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns4.aliyun.com.aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns3.aliyun.com.;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:ns3.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 42.120.250.251ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 110.75.20.27ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 140.205.71.248ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 42.156.241.248ns5.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 140.205.2.187ns5.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 198.11.138.248;; Query time: 10 msec;; SERVER: 10.202.72.118#53(10.202.72.118);; WHEN: Fri Jul 08 11:46:33 CST 2016;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 221查询 IP 反解记录
命令格式：
dig -x <目标 IP 地址>$ dig -x 140.205.62.8; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> -x 140.205.62.8;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 38256;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096;; QUESTION SECTION:;8.62.205.140.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR;; AUTHORITY SECTION:140.in-addr.arpa. 945 IN SOA z.arin.net. dns-ops.arin.net. 2016031910 1800 900 691200 10800;; Query time: 3 msec;; SERVER: 10.202.72.118#53(10.202.72.118);; WHEN: Fri Jul 08 11:51:32 CST 2016;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 108查询域名的 mx 解析记录
命令格式：
dig mx <目标域名>?比如，查询域名 aliyun.com 的 mx 解析记录：
$ dig mx aliyun.com; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.37.rc1.el6_7.7 <<>> mx aliyun.com;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 33606;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 7;; QUESTION SECTION:;aliyun.com. IN MX;; ANSWER SECTION:aliyun.com. 3600 IN MX 10 mx2.mail.aliyun.com.;; AUTHORITY SECTION:aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns4.aliyun.com.aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns3.aliyun.com.aliyun.com. 172800 IN NS ns5.aliyun.com.;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:mx2.mail.aliyun.com. 600 IN A 110.75.48.150ns3.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 42.120.250.251ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 110.75.20.27ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 140.205.71.248ns4.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 42.156.241.248ns5.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 198.11.138.248ns5.aliyun.com. 432000 IN A 140.205.2.187;; Query time: 1 msec;; SERVER: 10.242.197.247#53(10.242.197.247);; WHEN: Thu Jun 9 18:59:44 2016;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 219云服务器 ECS Linux 系统下使用 dig 命令查询域名解析
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