02基于注解开发SpringMVC项目

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02基于注解开发SpringMVC项目

2024-10-23 15:13:38 208人阅读

1 所需jar包

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项目结构如下：

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2 web.xml配置文件的内容如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-appversion="2.5"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3 springmvc-servlet.xml的内容如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

<context:component-scanbase-package="com.rl.controller"/>

<bean

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

<propertyname="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>

<propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/>

</bean>

<beanid="multipartResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

<propertyname="maxUploadSize"value="1024000"></property>

</bean>

<mvc:interceptors>

<mvc:interceptor>

<mvc:mappingpath="/**"/>

<beanclass="com.rl.interceptor.MyInterceptor"/>

</mvc:interceptor>

</mvc:interceptors>

</beans>

4 Test1Controller.java的内容如下：

package com.rl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/test1") //当前Controller的namespace,防止不同的Controller中方名重复的问题

public class Test1Controller {

/**

* 浏览器中的访问地址是：http://localhost:8080/springmvc2/test1/toAjax.do

* @return

@RequestMapping("/toAjax.do")

public String toAjax() {

return "ajax";

}

5 TestController的内容如下：

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.sql.Date;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

import com.rl.model.User;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("test")

//当前Controller的namespace,防止不同Controller中方法名重复的问题

public class TestController {

public TestController() {

System.out.println("Controller被创建....");

}

/**

* desc:返回值类型是String,含义是ModelAndView中的viewname

* @RequestMapping:请求方法的映射，内容最好和方法名称一致

* @author 涂作权

* @return

@RequestMapping("/hello.do")

public String hello() {

return "index";

}

/**

* desc:HttpServletRequest可以直接定义在方法的参数列表中来使用

* @param request

* @author 涂作权

* @return

@RequestMapping("/getParam.do")

public String getParam(HttpServletRequest request) {

String name = request.getParameter("name");

System.out.println(name);

return "index";

}

/**

* desc:在参数的列表中来直接定义要接收的参数，参数名(形象)一定要

* 和请求中传递的参数名(实参)一致，数据类型会自动的转换，如果数据

* 类型转换出错会报400错误？？？

* @param name

* @param id

* @param age

* @param address

* @param birthday

* @author 涂作权

* @return

@RequestMapping("/getParam1.do")

public String getParam1(String name, Integer id, Integer age,

String address, Date birthday) {

System.out.println("姓名：" + name + " id：" + id.getClass() + " 年龄："

+ age + " 地址： " + address + "生日：" + birthday);

return "index";

}

/**

* desc:多选的接收在参数列表中定义数组来接收，参数名（形参）一定要和请求中传递的参数名(实参)一致，数据类型会自动的转换，

* 如果以字符串来接收的话会接收到一个以逗号分隔的一个字符串

* @author 涂作权

* @param favor

* @return

@RequestMapping("/getParam2.do")

public String getParam2(String[] favor) {

System.out.println(favor);

for (String fa : favor) {

System.out.println(fa);

}

return "index";

}

/**

* desc:接收实体对象，直接在参数列表中定义要接收的实体类就可以了，每次访问的时候springmvc会自动创建相关参数的实体对象，对象中

* 的属性值是通过请求传递过来并且注入到对象中

* @author 涂作权

* @param person

* @param user

* @param name

* @return

@RequestMapping("/getParamByObj.do")

public String getParamByObj(Person person, User user, String name) {

System.out.println(person);

System.out.println(user);

return "index";

}

/**

* 不建议使用 desc:返回值类型定义成ModelAndView，把数据和视图注入到ModelAndView中返回即可

* @return

* @author 涂作权

* @throws Exception

@RequestMapping("/returnData.do")

public ModelAndView returnData() throws Exception {

Person p = new Person();

p.setId(1);

p.setName("zhangsan");

p.setAge(22);

p.setAddress("beijing");

p.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("2013-08-05"));

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

// 相当于request.setAttribute("person", p);

map.put("person", p);

return new ModelAndView("index", map);

}

/**

* 不建议使用 desc:返回值是String类型：viewName,参数是map,是ModelAndView中 map,不是接收参数的。

* @author 涂作权

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

@RequestMapping("/returnData1.do")

public String returnData1(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {

Person p = new Person();

p.setId(1);

p.setName("zhangsan");

p.setAge(22);

p.setAddress("beijing");

p.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("2013-08-05"));

// 相当于request.setAttribute("person", p);

map.put("person", p);

return "index";

}

/**

* 在参数列表中定义Model来给页面返回数据 desc:建议使用

* @author 涂作权

* @param model

* @return

* @throws Exception

@RequestMapping("/returnData2.do")

public String returnData2(Model model) throws Exception {

Person p = new Person();

p.setId(1);

p.setName("zhangsan");

p.setAge(22);

p.setAddress("beijing");

p.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("2013-08-05"));

// 相当于request.setAttribute("person", p);

model.addAttribute("person", p);

return "index";

}

/**

* desc：method=RequestMethod.POST该方法只能使用method指定的请求方式来指定

@RequestMapping(value = http://www.mamicode.com/"/getParamByObjWithMethod.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String getParamByObjWithMethod(Person person) {

System.out.println(person);

return "success";

}

/**

* desc:在参数列表中直接来定义HttpServletResponse，并且方法的返回值要定义void为ajax提供调用

* @author 涂作权

* @param name

* @param response

@RequestMapping("/ajax.do")

public void ajax(String name, HttpServletResponse response) {

String result = "hello" + name;

try {

response.getWriter().write(result);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

/**

* desc:直接在参数列表中来定义PrintWriter建议使用

* @param name

* @param out

@RequestMapping("/ajax1.do")

public void ajax1(String name, PrintWriter out){

String result = "hello " + name;

out.write(result);

}

@RequestMapping("/toAjax.do")

public String toAjax(){

return "ajax";

}

/**

* 在同一个Controller中重定向语法 return后面 redirect:当前

* Controller中方法的@RequestMapping的值

* @return

@RequestMapping("/redirectToAjax.do")

public String redirectToAjax(){

return "redirect:toAjax.do";

}

/**

* controller之间的重定向redirect:后面要有"/",代表从项目的根目录开始

* @return

* @author 涂作权

@RequestMapping("/redirectToAjax1.do")

public String redirectToAjax1(){

return "redirect:/test1/toAjax.do";

}

/**

* 单纯的转发

* @author 涂作权

* @return

@RequestMapping("/toForm.do")

public String toForm(){

return "form";

}

/**

* 用于转换数据类型

* @param binder

@InitBinder

public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder){

binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class,

new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));

}

6 UploadController的内容如下：

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/upload")

//当前Controller的namespace，防止不同Controller中方法名重复的问题

public class UploadController {

@RequestMapping("/uploadPic.do")

public String uploadPic(Person person, HttpServletRequest request)

throws Exception {

// 把request转换成MultipartHttpServletRequest

MultipartHttpServletRequest mr = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;

// 获得文件，这里的pic是表单中的file字段对应的属性名称

MultipartFile mf = mr.getFile("pic");

// 获得文件的字节数组

byte[] fbyte = mf.getBytes();

// 获得当前时间的最小精度

String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS")

.format(new Date());

// 追加三位随机数

Random random = new Random();

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

fileName = fileName + random.nextInt(10);

}

// 获得原始文件名

String oriFileName = mf.getOriginalFilename();

// 获得后缀名

String suffix = oriFileName.substring(oriFileName.lastIndexOf("."));

// 拿到服务器的根目录

String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext()

.getRealPath("/");

// 创建文件输出流

OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath + "/upload/"

+ fileName + suffix));

out.write(fbyte);

out.flush();

out.close();

return "success";

}

@InitBinder

public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder) {

binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(

new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));

}

7 MyInterceptor的内容如下：

package com.rl.interceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

/**

* 执行时机：在视图解析器解析完毕之后，页面一旦报错异常会抛到该方法中，

* try{}catch后面的finally,用于系统监控

public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception ex)

throws Exception {

System.out.println("afterCompletion...................");

System.out.println("----------------------------------");

ex.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("----------------------------------");

}

/**

* 执行时机：Controller执行完毕,视图解析器解析之前来执行

* 注意：此案例中如果是测试异步，这里的mv是null，此处会报错。

* 解决办法是注释掉springmvc-servlet.xml中的拦截器的配置内容

public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

Object arg2, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {

Map<String, Object> map = mv.getModel();

map.put("test", "append something...");

System.out.println("postHandle...");

}

/**

* 返回值数据类型是布尔类型：true放行， false是阻止访问

* 执行时机：Controller执行之前

* 最常用的应用场景就是权限的拦截

public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

Object obj) throws Exception {

System.out.println("preHandle...");

System.out.println(obj.getClass().getName());

return true;

}

8 Person的内容如下：

package com.rl.model;

import java.util.Date;

publicclass Person {

Integer id;

String name;

Integer age;

String address;

Date birthday;

/**

* @return the id

public Integer getId() {

returnid;

}

/**

* @param id the id to set

publicvoid setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

/**

* @return the name

public String getName() {

returnname;

}

/**

* @param name the name to set

publicvoid setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

/**

* @return the age

public Integer getAge() {

returnage;

}

/**

* @param age the age to set

publicvoid setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

/**

* @return the address

public String getAddress() {

returnaddress;

}

/**

* @param address the address to set

publicvoid setAddress(String address) {

this.address = address;

}

/**

* @return the birthday

public Date getBirthday() {

returnbirthday;

}

/**

* @param birthday the birthday to set

publicvoid setBirthday(Date birthday) {

this.birthday = birthday;

}

9 User的内容如下

package com.rl.model;

publicclass User {

Integer id;

String name;

/**

* @return the id

public Integer getId() {

returnid;

}

/**

* @param id the id to set

publicvoid setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

/**

* @return the name

public String getName() {

returnname;

}

/**

* @param name the name to set

publicvoid setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return"User [id=" +id +", name=" +name +"]";

}

10 ajax.jsp的内容如下：

<%@page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

<!DOCTYPEHTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>

<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">

<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">

<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">

<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">

<scripttype="text/javascript"src="js/jquery.js"></script>

<scripttype="text/javascript">

$(function(){

$("#mybutton").click(function(){

console.log("test");

varmytext = $("#mytext").val();

$.ajax({

url:"test/ajax1.do",

type:"post",

dataType:"text",

data:{

name:mytext

success:function(responseText){

alert(responseText);

error:function(){

alert("system error");

}

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<inputtype="text"id="mytext"/>

<inputid="mybutton"type="button"value="click"/>

</body>

</html>

11 form.jsp的内容如下：

<%@page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPEHTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP ‘form.jsp‘ starting page</title>

</head>

<body>

<formaction="upload/uploadPic.do"method="post"enctype="multipart/form-data">

id：<inputname="id"type="text"/><br>

name：<inputname="name"type="text"/><br>

age：<inputname="age"type="text"/><br>

address：<inputname="address"type="text"/><br>

birthday：<inputname="birthday"type="text"/><br>

pic:<inputtype="file"name="pic"/><br>

<inputvalue="submit"type="submit"/>

</form>

</body>

</html>

12 index.jsp的内容如下：

<%@page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"prefix="fmt"%>

<!DOCTYPEHTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>${person.id}</h1>

<h1>${person.name}</h1>

<h1>${person.age}</h1>

<h1>${person.address}</h1>

</body>

</html>

13 success.jsp的内容如下：

<%@page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPEHTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP ‘success.jsp‘ starting page</title>

</head>

<body>

success<br>

</body>

</html>

02基于注解开发SpringMVC项目

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