在javaEE项目中，需要将工程部署到远程服务器上，如果部署的频率比较高，手动部署的方式就比较麻烦，可以利用Ant工具实现快捷的部署。这篇博文详细介绍了ant配置的步骤（http://www.cnblogs.com/GloriousOnion/archive/2012/12/18/2822817.html），但是在tomcat7以上不适用，需要修改配置，具体如下：

1.配置tomcat的用户角色

tomcat7中的用户角色有：

manager-gui — Access to the HTML interface.
manager-status — Access to the "Server Status" page only.
manager-script — Access to the tools-friendly plain text interface that isdescribed in this document, and to the "Server Status" page.
manager-jmx — Access to JMX proxy interface and to the "ServerStatus" page.

我们要用到的是manager-script，在tomcat-users.xml 中进行配置。加入以下代码：

<role rolename="manager-script" />

<user username="用户名"password="密码"  roles="manager-script">

2.配置Ant环境

3.编写build.xml文件

<project name="工程名"default="redeploy" basedir=".">

 <!-- Configure the directory into which the web application is built-->

 <property name="build"value="http://www.mamicode.com/${basedir}/build"/>

 <!-- Configure the context path for this application -->

 <property name="path" value="http://www.mamicode.com/应用的名称"/>

 <!-- Configure properties to access the Manager application -->

 <property name="url"     value="http://你的域名/manager/text"/>

 <property name="username" value="http://www.mamicode.com/步骤1中配置的用户名"/>

 <property name="password" value="http://www.mamicode.com/步骤1中配置的密码"/>

 <!-- Configure the custom Ant tasks for the Manager application-->

 <taskdef name="deploy"   classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask"/>

 <taskdef name="list"     classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ListTask"/>

 <taskdef name="reload"   classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ReloadTask"/>

 <taskdef name="findleaks"classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.FindLeaksTask"/>

 <taskdef name="resources"classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ResourcesTask"/>

 <taskdef name="start"    classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask"/>

 <taskdef name="stop"     classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask"/>

 <taskdef name="undeploy" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.UndeployTask"/>

 <!-- Executable Targets -->

 <target name="compile" description="Compile webapplication">

   <!-- ... construct web application in ${build} subdirectory, and

           generated a ${path}.war ... -->

             <deletedir="${build}"/>

            <mkdir dir="${build}"/>

             <wardestfile="${build}/school.war"webxml="WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml">

              <classesdir="WebRoot/WEB-INF/classes">

                  <excludename="**/*.xml"/> 

              </classes>

              <libdir="WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib" />

           <fileset dir="WebRoot"> 

                <includename="**/**.*" /> 

               <excludename="**/*.jar"/> 

                <excludename="**/*.class"/>

           </fileset>

          </war>

 </target>

 <target name="deploy" description="Install webapplication" depends="compile">

   <deploy url="${url}" username="${username}"password="${password}" path="${path}"war="${build}/school.war"/>

 </target>

 <target name="reload" description="Reload webapplication" depends="compile">

   <reload  url="${url}"username="${username}" password="${password}"path="${path}"/>

 </target>

 <target name="undeploy" description="Remove webapplication">

   <undeploy url="${url}" username="${username}"password="${password}" path="${path}"/>

 </target>

       <targetname="redeploy" description="Remove and Install webapplication">   

           <antcalltarget="undeploy"/>

              <antcalltarget="deploy"/>

       </target>

</project>

最后运行该文件，你的工程就可以部署到远程tomcat上了。

具体的说明可参考官方的文档：

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/manager-howto.html#Executing_Manager_Commands_With_Ant 

利用ant进行远程tomcat部署