#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

void main ()
{
time_t rawtime;
struct tm * timeinfo;

time ( &rawtime );
timeinfo = localtime ( &rawtime );
printf ( "\007The current date/time is: %s", asctime (timeinfo) );

exit(0);
}

=================
#include <time.h> -- 必须的时间函数头文件
time_t -- 时间类型（time.h 定义）
struct tm -- 时间结构，time.h 定义如下：
int tm_sec;
int tm_min;
int tm_hour;
int tm_mday;
int tm_mon;
int tm_year;
int tm_wday;
int tm_yday;
int tm_isdst;

time ( &rawtime ); -- 获取时间，以秒计，从1970年1月一日起算，存于rawtime
localtime ( &rawtime ); -- 转为当地时间，tm 时间结构
asctime （）-- 转为标准ASCII时间格式：
星期 月 日 时：分：秒 年
=========================================
你要的格式可这样输出：
printf ( "%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n",1900+timeinfo->tm_year, 1+timeinfo->tm_mon,
timeinfo->tm_mday,timeinfo->tm_hour,timeinfo->tm_min,timeinfo->tm_sec);

就是直接打印tm，tm_year 从1900年计算，所以要加1900，
月tm_mon，从0计算，所以要加1

Example

/* TIMES.C illustrates various time and date functions including:
* time _ftime ctime asctime
* localtime gmtime mktime _tzset
* _strtime _strdate strftime
*
* Also the global variable:
* _tzname
*/

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/timeb.h>
#include <string.h>

void main()
{
char tmpbuf[128], ampm[] = "AM";
time_t ltime;
struct _timeb tstruct;
struct tm *today, *gmt, xmas = { 0, 0, 12, 25, 11, 93 };

/* Set time zone from TZ environment variable. If TZ is not set,
* the operating system is queried to obtain the default value
* for the variable.
*/
_tzset();

/* Display operating system-style date and time. */
_strtime( tmpbuf );
printf( "OS time:\t\t\t\t%s\n", tmpbuf );
_strdate( tmpbuf );
printf( "OS date:\t\t\t\t%s\n", tmpbuf );

/* Get UNIX-style time and display as number and string. */
time( <ime );
printf( "Time in seconds since UTC 1/1/70:\t%ld\n", ltime );
printf( "UNIX time and date:\t\t\t%s", ctime( <ime ) );

/* Display UTC. */
gmt = gmtime( <ime );
printf( "Coordinated universal time:\t\t%s", asctime( gmt ) );

/* Convert to time structure and adjust for PM if necessary. */
today = localtime( <ime );
if( today->tm_hour > 12 )
{
strcpy( ampm, "PM" );
today->tm_hour -= 12;
}
if( today->tm_hour == 0 ) /* Adjust if midnight hour. */
today->tm_hour = 12;

/* Note how pointer addition is used to skip the first 11
* characters and printf is used to trim off terminating
* characters.
*/
printf( "12-hour time:\t\t\t\t%.8s %s\n",
asctime( today ) + 11, ampm );

/* Print additional time information. */
_ftime( &tstruct );
printf( "Plus milliseconds:\t\t\t%u\n", tstruct.millitm );
printf( "Zone difference in seconds from UTC:\t%u\n",
tstruct.timezone );
printf( "Time zone name:\t\t\t\t%s\n", _tzname[0] );
printf( "Daylight savings:\t\t\t%s\n",
tstruct.dstflag ? "YES" : "NO" );

/* Make time for noon on Christmas, 1993. */
if( mktime( &xmas ) != (time_t)-1 )
printf( "Christmas\t\t\t\t%s\n", asctime( &xmas ) );

/* Use time structure to build a customized time string. */
today = localtime( <ime );

/* Use strftime to build a customized time string. */
strftime( tmpbuf, 128,
"Today is %A, day %d of %B in the year %Y.\n", today );
printf( tmpbuf );
}



Output

OS time: 21:51:03
OS date: 05/03/94
Time in seconds since UTC 1/1/70: 768027063
UNIX time and date: Tue May 03 21:51:03 1994
Coordinated universal time: Wed May 04 04:51:03 1994
12-hour time: 09:51:03 PM
Plus milliseconds: 279
Zone difference in seconds from UTC: 480
Time zone name:
Daylight savings: YES
Christmas Sat Dec 25 12:00:00 1993

Today is Tuesday, day 03 of May in the year 1994.

用C获得当前系统时间（转）