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EF架构~通过EF6的DbCommand拦截器来实现数据库读写分离~续~添加事务机制

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上一讲中简单介绍了一个EF环境下通过DbCommand拦截器来实现SQLSERVER的读写分离,只是一个最简单的实现,而如果出现事务情况,还是会有一些问题的,因为在拦截器中我们手动开启了Connection链接,而在一个WEB请求时,如果你的一个变量即用到了read库又用到了write库,就会导致到sqlserver端的spid(system process id,系统进程ID,sqlserver里可能是某个数据库进程序的ID)发生变化 ,而对于这种变化,原本是本地的事务就会自动提升为分布式事务,对MSDTC不了解的同学,可能看我的相关文章,所以,我们使用拦截实现读写分离后,在程序里,你的读和写的仓储对象要分别定义,不能共享,而且,你在事务里所以写的仓储对象都要使用同一个数据上下文!

当你按着我说的做后,本地事务就不会提升为msdtc了,如图:

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今天我在DbCommand拦截器进行了优化,下面共享一下代码,如是测试不是真实一项目代码

    /// <summary>    /// SQL命令拦截器    /// </summary>    public class SqlCommandInterceptor : DbCommandInterceptor    {        /// <summary>        /// 读库,从库集群,写库不用设置走默认的EF框架        /// </summary>        string readConn = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["readDb"] ?? string.Empty;        private string GetReadConn()        {            var readArr = readConn.Split(new char[] { , }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);            var resultConn = string.Empty;            if (readArr != null && readArr.Any())            {                resultConn = readArr[Convert.ToInt32(Math.Floor((double)new Random().Next(0, readArr.Length)))];            }            return resultConn;        }        //linq to entity生成的update,delete        public override void NonQueryExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<int> interceptionContext)        {            base.NonQueryExecuting(command, interceptionContext);//update,delete等写操作直接走主库        }        /// <summary>        /// 执行sql语句,并返回第一行第一列,没有找到返回null,如果数据库中值为null,则返回 DBNull.Value        /// </summary>        /// <param name="command"></param>        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>        public override void ScalarExecuting(DbCommand command,           DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext)        {            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(GetReadConn()))//如果配置了读写分离,就去实现            {                if (!command.CommandText.StartsWith("insert", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))                {                    command.Connection.Close();                    command.Connection.ConnectionString = GetReadConn();                    command.Connection.Open();                }            }            base.ScalarExecuting(command, interceptionContext);        }        /// <summary>        /// linq to entity生成的select,insert        /// 发送到sqlserver之前触发        /// warning:在select语句中DbCommand.Transaction为null,而ef会为每个insert添加一个DbCommand.Transaction进行包裹        /// </summary>        /// <param name="command"></param>        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>        public override void ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext)        {            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(GetReadConn()))//如果配置了读写分离,就去实现            {                if (!command.CommandText.StartsWith("insert", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))                {                    command.Connection.Close();                    command.Connection.ConnectionString = GetReadConn();                    command.Connection.Open();                }            }            base.ReaderExecuted(command, interceptionContext);        }        /// <summary>        /// 发送到sqlserver之后触发        /// </summary>        /// <param name="command"></param>        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>        public override void ReaderExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext)        {            base.ReaderExecuted(command, interceptionContext);        }    }

运行程序可以设置一些测试代码

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 public ActionResult Index()        {            IUnitOfWork db = new backgroundEntities();            IRepository<WebManageUsers> readUser = new BackgroundRepositoryBase<WebManageUsers>();            var a = readUser.GetModel().ToList();//读库            using (var trans = new TransactionScope())//事务写库            {                IRepository<WebManageUsers> userWrite = new BackgroundRepositoryBase<WebManageUsers>(db);                IRepository<WebManageMenus> menuWrite = new BackgroundRepositoryBase<WebManageMenus>(db);                var entity = new WebManageUsers              {                  WebSystemID = 0,                  CreateDate = DateTime.Now,                  DepartmentID = 3,                  Description = "",                  Email = "",                  LoginName = "test",                  Mobile = "",                  Operator = "",                  Password = "",                  RealName = "test",                  Status = 1,                  UpdateDate = DateTime.Now,              };                var entity2 = new WebManageMenus               {                   ParentID = 1,                   About = "",                   LinkUrl = "",                   MenuLevel = 1,                   MenuName = "test",                   Operator = "",                   SortNumber = 1,                   Status = 1,                   UpdateDate = DateTime.Now,               };                userWrite.Insert(entity);                menuWrite.Insert(entity2);                trans.Complete();            }            return View(a);        }
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最后的结果就是我们想要的,这里说明一点,仓储大步的读写分离没有数据库压力这块的考虑,只是随机去访问某个读库。

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EF架构~通过EF6的DbCommand拦截器来实现数据库读写分离~续~添加事务机制