首页 > 代码库 > Leetcode 222. Count Complete Tree Nodes
Leetcode 222. Count Complete Tree Nodes
Given a complete binary tree, count the number of nodes.
Definition of a complete binary tree from Wikipedia:
In a complete binary tree every level, except possibly the last, is completely filled, and all nodes in the last level are as far left as possible. It can have between 1 and 2h nodes inclusive at the last level h.
Next challenges:
1 /** 2 * Definition for a binary tree node. 3 * public class TreeNode { 4 * int val; 5 * TreeNode left; 6 * TreeNode right; 7 * TreeNode(int x) { val = x; } 8 * } 9 */ 10 public class Solution { 11 public int countNodes(TreeNode root) { 12 if (root == null) { 13 return 0; 14 } 15 return countNodes(root.left) + countNodes(root.right) + 1; 16 } 17 }
思路一:注意到完全二叉树中,最后一层的最后一个叶子结点要么在左子树,要么在右自树上,这就说明左右子数至少有一棵是满的完全二叉树。因此只要不断遍历当前子树的根的左子树,不断遍历根的右子树,如果最后两边都遍历到null,说明该子树是满的,计算出子树树高h,只要返回2^(h)-1就是子树包含的总节点数。
代码:
1 /** 2 * Definition for a binary tree node. 3 * public class TreeNode { 4 * int val; 5 * TreeNode left; 6 * TreeNode right; 7 * TreeNode(int x) { val = x; } 8 * } 9 */ 10 public class Solution { 11 public int countNodes(TreeNode root) { 12 int height = 0; 13 TreeNode right = root; 14 TreeNode left = root; 15 while(right != null) { 16 left = left.left; 17 right = right.right; 18 height++; 19 } 20 if(left == null) {//判断当前子树是否为满的完全二叉树 21 return (1<<height) - 1; 22 } 23 return 1 + countNodes(root.left) + countNodes(root.right); 24 } 25 }
时间复杂度:O(log(n)*log(n))
T(n) = T(n/2) + c1 lgn = T(n/4) + c1 lgn + c2 (lgn - 1) = ... = T(1) + c [lgn + (lgn-1) + (lgn-2) + ... + 1] = O(lgn*lgn)
思路二:注意到完全二叉树的节点总数和树高是有关联的。如果左子树和右子树的树高相同,则说明最后的叶节点在右子树,那么可以先根据完全二叉树节点计算公式先计算左子树的节点总数+1,然后再递归计算右子树的节点数;如果左子树和右子树的树高不同,说明最后的叶节点在左子树,那么可以先根据完全二叉树节点计算公式先计算右子树的节点总数+1,然后再递归计算左子树的节点数。
代码:
1 /** 2 * Definition for a binary tree node. 3 * public class TreeNode { 4 * int val; 5 * TreeNode left; 6 * TreeNode right; 7 * TreeNode(int x) { val = x; } 8 * } 9 */ 10 public class Solution { 11 public int height(TreeNode root) {//子树的根为空,则树高为0 12 return root == null ? 0 : 1 + height(root.left); 13 } 14 public int countNodes(TreeNode root) { 15 int h = height(root); 16 return h == 0 ? 0 : 17 h - 1 == height(root.right) ? 18 (1<<(h - 1)) + countNodes(root.right)//最后的叶子节点在右子树,左子树是满的,那么只要求右子树的节点数 19 : (1<<(h - 2)) + countNodes(root.left);//最后的叶子节点在左子树,右子树是满的,那么只要求左子树的节点数 20 } 21 }
时间复杂度:O(log(n)*log(n))
Leetcode 222. Count Complete Tree Nodes