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zmq安装与使用
Zmq的安装与使用
花了一下午时间来安装使用zmq，终于将程序调通。记录下安装使用过程及遇到的问题
zmq的安装
安装前准备
在安装zeromq之前需要安装libtool, autoconf, automake, uuid-dev, util-linux
具体指令如下
yum install libtool yum install autoconf yum install automake yum install uuid uuid-devel |
安装util-linux时我直接下载的源码包，
地址：http://mirrors.oss.org.cn/linux_kernel/util-linux/v2.21/util-linux-2.21.1.tar.gz
下载后解压安装
tar zxvf util-linux-2.21.1.tar.gz cd util-linux-2.21.1 ./ configure make sudo make install sudo ldconfig |
1.2 安装zmq
获得zeromq的源码包
wget http://download.zeromq.org/zeromq-2.0.10.tar.gz
如果想获得最新的源码包http://download.zeromq.org/
安装zeromq
tar zxvf zeromq-2.0.10.tar.gz cd zeromq-2.0.10 ./configure make sudo make install sudo ldconfig |
1.3 使用python编程，要安装pyzmq
获得pyzmq的源代码
https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pyzmq/
注意：pyzmq版本要与zeromq版本一致，不然就算安装了pyzmq运行.py脚本时也会报错，我开始时就是遇到了这个问题，报错如下
Traceback (most recent call last): File "server.py", line 1, in <module> import zmq File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/zmq/__init__.py", line 26, in <module> from zmq.utils import initthreads # initialize threads ImportError: libzmq.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory |
从字面意思看，是找不到libzmp.so.0文件，查看官方文档，说是因为
I am guessing you are on on Linux. This looks like the error you will see if you don‘t use rpath or set LD_LIBRARY_PATH. If you install libzmq to a location other than the default (/usr/local) on Linux, you may need to do one of the following: · Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to point to the lib directory of ?MQ. · Build the extension using the --rpath flag: $ python setup.py build_ext --rpath=/opt/zeromq-dev/lib |
于是按照以下方式设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH
[moqian.ydd@r10g04458.sqa.zmf /home/moqian.ydd/tools] $cd / vi ~/.bash_profile 添加： LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH 即： PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib export PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH 然后运行 $ source ~/.bash_profile |
设置后，再运行.py脚本，还是报上面的错误。于是重新安装pyzmq的最新版本，问题得到解决
举例
采用zmq的request/reply模式，使用TCP协议
Client端代码
import zmq context=zmq.Context() print "connect to server" socket=context.socket(zmq.REQ) socket.connect("tcp://localhost:555")
for request in range(1,10): print "send message ",request,"...." socket.send("hello") message=socket.recv() print "receive reply ",request,"[",message,"]" |
Server端代码
import zmq import time
context=zmq.Context() socket=context.socket(zmq.REP) socket.bind("tcp://*:555")
while True: message=socket.recv() print "receive request:",message time.sleep(1) print "do some work" socket.send("i am work!") |
开两个客户端，先启动server端脚本，然后启动client端脚本，方式如下
sudo pyton server.py sudo python client.py |
Client端运行结果
connect to server send message 1 .... receive reply 1 [ i am work! ] send message 2 .... receive reply 2 [ i am work! ] send message 3 .... receive reply 3 [ i am work! ] send message 4 .... receive reply 4 [ i am work! ] send message 5 .... receive reply 5 [ i am work! ] send message 6 .... receive reply 6 [ i am work! ] send message 7 .... receive reply 7 [ i am work! ] send message 8 .... receive reply 8 [ i am work! ] send message 9 .... receive reply 9 [ i am work! ] |
Server端运行结果如下
receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work receive request: hello do some work |
zmq安装与使用