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10gR2 Clusterware 简明安装步骤

2024-11-05 21:47:39   204人阅读

一、安装操作系统（略）
注意，我这里用的都是OEL 5u5版本，因为自带了Oracle提供的环境变量安装包，因此可以很方便地进行Oracle软件的安装，因此推荐使用该版本

二、配置本地yum源

--把安装盘mount到media
mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media

--配置repos添加以下内容
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/oel5.repos
[oel5]
name = oel 5 DVD
basurl = file:///media/Server
gpgcheck =0 
enabled = 1    --为1表示启用这个repos

三、配置信任关系(oracle用户)

--节点1和节点2分别执行：
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-keygen -t dsa

--节点1执行：
cat ~/.ssh/*.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
ssh rac2 cat ~/.ssh/*.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys

总之就是把2边节点的信息写到公钥文件中去，然后互相ssh就不再需要密码了，因为RAC安装时需要在节点之间复制文件

--验证
节点1执行：
ssh rac1 date
ssh rac2 date
ssh rac1-priv date
ssh rac2-priv date

节点2执行：
ssh rac1 date
ssh rac2 date
ssh rac1-priv date
ssh rac2-priv date

多验证几次，直到不需要输入密码为止，这里要注意authorized_keys中不要漏掉s，我曾经试了半天也没有成功，最后发现是公钥文件名错了，少了个s导致的

四、配置共享磁盘

--添加若干块磁盘并分区
fdisk -l
fdisk /dev/sdb
fdisk /dev/sdc
fdisk /dev/sdd
fdisk /dev/sde

如果碰到需要重启后才能识别分区信息，可以使用linux自带的partporbe命令，执行一下就可以在不重启的情况下让kernel识别新的分区
也可以执行partprobe -s进行查看

[root@rac1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-12, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-12, default 12): 
Using default value 12

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
[root@rac1 ~]# partprobe -s
/dev/sda: msdos partitions 1 2
/dev/sdb: msdos partitions 1
/dev/sdc: msdos partitions 1
/dev/sdd: msdos partitions 1
/dev/sde: msdos partitions 1
[root@rac2 install]# 

--绑定磁盘
对于4.x和5.x的系统，绑定方法是不同的

4.x:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices 

/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdd1
/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sde1

#  vi /etc/udev/permissions.d/50-udev.permissions 
# raw devices
ram*:root:disk:0660
#raw/*:root:disk:0660
raw/*:oracle:dba:0660

5.x:
# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="17",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %M %m"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="33",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="49",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sde1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="65",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw*",OWNER="oracle",GROUP="oinstall",MODE="660"

只需要添加红色部分就可以了，然后重启udev，配置正常就会显示如下内容：

[root@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev/raw
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162,  1 Jan 15 22:54 raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162,  2 Jan 15 22:24 raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162,  3 Jan 15 22:56 raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162,  4 Jan 15 22:54 raw4

五、添加环境变量

节点1：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=RAC1
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/10.2.0/db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/oracle/10.2.0/crs_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH

节点2：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=RAC2
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/10.2.0/db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/oracle/10.2.0/crs_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH

六、安装Clusterware

--先进行安装前校验
cd ./clusterware/cluvfy
./cluvfy.sh -stage pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 -verbose

会列出很多内容，检测是否符合安装Clusterware的条件，其中需要单独安装一个compat_db的包，oracle-validated包不会装这个
另外会报几个其他compat包检测失败则不用理会，因为只是版本不对而已
如果还碰到其他的没有passed的内容，则需要处理，直到除以上几个错误之外全都pass为止

--开始安装
cd ./clusterware
./runInstall -ignoreSysPreReqs (参数可以忽略大小写，命令不允许)

运行OUI到最后，会要求分别在2个节点执行2个脚本，顺序为：脚本1：RAC1->RAC2 ->脚本2：RAC1->RAC2
前3个次执行都没有问题，到第4步，在节点2上执行root.sh的时候，会报错：

[root@rac2 bin]# /u01/oracle/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory ‘/u01‘ is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured

Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up NS directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
WARNING: directory ‘/u01‘ is not owned by root
clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 3 detected.
clscfg: version 3 is 10G Release 2.
assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.
assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: rac1 rac1-priv rac1
node 2: rac2 rac2-priv rac2
clscfg: Arguments check out successfully.

NO KEYS WERE WRITTEN. Supply -force parameter to override.
-force is destructive and will destroy any previous cluster
configuration.
Oracle Cluster Registry for cluster has already been initialized
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
CSS is active on these nodes.
        rac1
        rac2
CSS is active on all nodes.
Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to start
Oracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)
Running vipca(silent) for configuring nodeapps
/u01/crs_1/jdk/jre//bin/java: error while loading shared libraries: libpthread.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

需要耐心等待好几分钟（90s+600s），然后会出现一个报错，这是由于Oracle在10.2.0.1上的bug所致，解决办法是通过修改$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin下满的vipca和srvctl文件，在文件末尾添加unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL保存退出，再重新再节点2执行root.sh

[root@rac2 bin]# /u01/oracle/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory ‘/u01‘ is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
Oracle CRS stack is already configured and will be running under init(1M)
[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stat -t
CRS-0202: No resources are registered.

此时由于还没有配置vip，因此没有资源被注册，去任意节点运行vipca（前提是这个节点的vipca已修改过），如果报以下错误：

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ vipca
Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])
  [Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])]

那么需要配置一下网卡：
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./oifcfg iflist
eth0  192.168.1.0
eth1  10.0.0.0
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./oifcfg getif
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.1.0:public
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./oifcfg setif -global eth1/10.10.10.1:cluster_interconnect
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./oifcfg getif
eth0  192.168.1.0  global  public
eth1  10.10.10.1  global  cluster_interconnect

注意要有打开图形界面的权限，并用root用户去执行vipca，而不是oracle用户，否则会报权限不足
[oracle@rac1 bin]$ vipca
Insufficient privileges.
Insufficient privileges.

接着就会跳出vip配置助手的OUI界面，开始配置vip，输入vip的节点别名后会自动填补vip的IP地址（过程略）
运行完vipca后退出，再次执行crs_stat，就会发现资源都已经注册到crs了
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        
ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        
ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2

10gR2 Clusterware 简明安装步骤


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