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Arduino SPI + SPI Flash芯片W25Q80BV
W25Q80BV是台湾华邦电子(Winbond)生产的8M-bit串行flash芯片。主要特性有:
- 工作电压:2.5 ~ 3.6 V
- 功耗:读写(active)时4mA,低功耗(power-down)时<1μA
- 容量:8M-bit/1M-byte,包含4096个页(每页大小256字节)
- 接口:Standard/Dual/Quad SPI,支持时钟频率最高104MHz
- 支持以4/32/64k-bytes为单位进行Sector/Block擦除
- 一次写入最多256字节
- 软件/硬件写保护功能
- 大于10万次擦除/编程寿命
- 大于20年的数据保存时间
- 封装:SOIC/USON/WSON/PDIP
管脚定义
与Arduino的连接
采用工作于3.3V的Pro Mini版本进行简单调试,接法如下。
其中HOLD脚须上拉接到3.3V,否则器件无法正常工作;WP脚可以浮空。
W25Q80BV Pro Mini (3.3V/8MHz)
VCC <------> 3.3V
GND <------> GND
/CS <------> SS (D10)
DI <------> MOSI (D11)
DO <------> MISO (D12)
CLK <------> SCK (D13)
功能调试
1. 与I2C不同,利用SPI库操作时,读和写都用同一个函数SPI.transfer()实现。
2. 读取时,可以任意地址、任意长度进行读取。
3. 与EEPROM不同,SPI Flash写入前,需要对写入的存储空间进行擦除(Erase)操作,否则写入不成功。芯片支持Chip Erase(整片擦除)、Block Erase(32K bytes/64K bytes块擦除)和Sector Erase(4K bytes扇区擦除)。
4. 当写操作对应的地址空间到达page的边界,再继续写入时目的地址会自动roll over到本页的起始位置。
测试代码
1 /* 2 communication with W25Q80BV (1 MBYTE SPI FLASH) using Arduino Pro Mini 3.3V/8MHz 3 Reference: http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Design-with-Discrete-SPI-Flash-Memory/?ALLSTEPS 4 */ 5 6 // the SPI bus uses pins 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), and 13 (SCK) 7 8 #include <SPI.h> 9 10 #define READ_JEDEC_ID 0x9F 11 #define READ_STATUS_1 0x05 12 #define READ_DATA 0x03 13 #define WRITE_ENABLE 0x06 14 #define PAGE_PROGRAM 0x02 15 #define CHIP_ERASE 0xC7 16 17 byte pageBuffer[256]; 18 char str[] = "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."; //short than 256 19 20 void setup() 21 { 22 SPI.begin(); 23 SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE0); 24 SPI.setBitOrder(MSBFIRST); 25 Serial.begin(9600); 26 27 ReadID(); 28 EraseChip(); 29 WritePage(0x1234, str, sizeof(str)); 30 } 31 32 void loop() 33 { 34 ReadPage(0x1234, pageBuffer, sizeof(str)); 35 36 for(int i; i < sizeof(str); i++) 37 { 38 Serial.print(char(pageBuffer[i])); 39 } 40 Serial.println(); 41 42 delay(2000); 43 } 44 45 void CheckBusy() 46 { 47 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 48 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 49 SPI.transfer(READ_STATUS_1); 50 while(SPI.transfer(0) & 0x01); 51 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 52 } 53 54 void ReadID() 55 { 56 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 57 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 58 SPI.transfer(READ_JEDEC_ID); 59 byte manuID = SPI.transfer(0); 60 byte memoType = SPI.transfer(0); 61 byte capa = SPI.transfer(0); 62 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 63 64 Serial.print("Manufacturer ID: "); Serial.println(manuID, HEX); 65 Serial.print("Memory Type: "); Serial.println(memoType, HEX); 66 Serial.print("Capacity : "); Serial.println(capa, HEX); 67 68 CheckBusy(); 69 } 70 71 void ReadPage(word pageNumber, byte pageBuffer[], int length) 72 { 73 // pageNumber: 16-bit data 74 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 75 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 76 SPI.transfer(READ_DATA); 77 SPI.transfer((pageNumber >> 8) & 0xFF); 78 SPI.transfer(pageNumber & 0xFF); 79 SPI.transfer(0); 80 for(int i = 0; i < length; i++) 81 { 82 pageBuffer[i] = SPI.transfer(0); 83 } 84 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 85 CheckBusy(); 86 } 87 88 void WritePage(word pageNumber, char pageBuffer[], int length) 89 { 90 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 91 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 92 SPI.transfer(WRITE_ENABLE); 93 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); 94 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 95 SPI.transfer(PAGE_PROGRAM); 96 SPI.transfer((pageNumber >> 8) & 0xFF); 97 SPI.transfer(pageNumber & 0xFF); 98 SPI.transfer(0); 99 for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)100 {101 SPI.transfer(byte(pageBuffer[i]));102 }103 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH);104 CheckBusy();105 }106 107 void EraseChip()108 {109 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH);110 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 111 SPI.transfer(WRITE_ENABLE);112 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH);113 digitalWrite(SS, LOW); 114 SPI.transfer(CHIP_ERASE);115 digitalWrite(SS, HIGH);116 CheckBusy();117 }
读取芯片的ID信息,向W25Q80BV写入一段字符串,再将写入的信息反复读出:
参考资料
W25Q80BV datasheet - Winbond
Arduino - SPI
Designing with Discrete SPI Flash Memory - Instructables
Flash芯片硬件特性
Arduino SPI + SPI Flash芯片W25Q80BV