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Android开发之处理崩溃异常

众所周知,android的设备千差万别,难免会发生崩溃异常等现象,这个时候就需要捕获哪些崩溃异常了,也就是捕获崩溃异常的相关信息,并记录下来,这样一来方便开发人员和测试人员的分析与调试。

1.首先我们得创建一个处理崩溃异常的类,暂且命名为:CrashHandler吧。实现如下:

 
import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.io.StringWriter;import java.io.Writer;import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;import java.lang.reflect.Field;import java.text.DateFormat;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.TimeZone;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.AlertDialog;import android.content.Context;import android.content.DialogInterface;import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Looper;import android.sax.StartElementListener;import android.util.Log;import android.widget.Toast;/** * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告到log文件中. * * @author caizhiming  */public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {    public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";    // 系统默认的UncaughtException处理类    private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;    // CrashHandler实例    private static CrashHandler INSTANCE = new CrashHandler();    // 程序的Context对象    private Context mContext;    // 用来存储设备信息和异常信息    private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();    // 用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分    private SimpleDateFormat formatter;    /**     * 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例     */    private CrashHandler() {    }    /**     * 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式     */    public static CrashHandler getInstance() {        return INSTANCE;    }    /**     * 初始化     *     * @param context     */    public void init(Context context) {        mContext = context;        // 获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器        mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();        // 设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);    }    /**     * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理     */    @Override    public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {        if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {            // 如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理            mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);        } else {            // 退出程序            try {                Thread.sleep(300);            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                e.printStackTrace();            }            android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());            System.exit(1);        }    }    /**     * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.     *     * @param ex     * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.     */    private boolean handleException(final Throwable ex) {        if (ex == null) {            return false;        }//        Intent showcrashDLg = new Intent(mContext,CrashActivity.class);//        mContext.startActivity(showcrashDLg);        ex.printStackTrace();        // 使用Toast来显示异常信息        // 收集设备参数信息        collectDeviceInfo(mContext);        // 保存日志文件        saveCrashInfoToFile(ex);        return true;    }    /**     * 收集设备参数信息     *     * @param ctx     */    public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {        try {            PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();            PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(),                    PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);            if (pi != null) {                String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null"                        : pi.versionName;                String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";                infos.put("versionName", versionName);                infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);            }        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);        }        Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();        for (Field field : fields) {            try {                field.setAccessible(true);                infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());                Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));            } catch (Exception e) {                Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);            }        }    }    /**     * 保存错误信息到文件中     *     * @param ex     * @return 错误崩溃信息写到log文件中     */    private void saveCrashInfoToFile(Throwable ex) {        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();        sb.append("==============================Crash happened at Time:"                + CommonUtils.getCurTime()                + "==============================\r\n");        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {            String key = entry.getKey();            String value = entry.getValue();            sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\r\n");        }        Writer writer = new StringWriter();        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);        ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);        Throwable cause = ex.getCause();        while (cause != null) {            cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);            cause = cause.getCause();        }        printWriter.close();        String result = writer.toString();        sb.append(result);        try {            LogCore.addLog(sb.toString());        } catch (Exception e) {            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);        }        Analyse.uplodcrash(sb.toString());    }    /**     * 用Dialog显示错误信息     *     * @param ex     * @return 用Dialog显示错误信息     */    private void showCrashInfoDialog(Throwable ex) {        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();        Writer writer = new StringWriter();        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);        ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);        Throwable cause = ex.getCause();        while (cause != null) {            cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);            cause = cause.getCause();        }        printWriter.close();        String result = writer.toString();        sb.append(result);        try {            // DlgUtils.ShowDialog(mContext,"程序崩溃了");            // LogCore.d(mContext,sb.toString());            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);            builder.setTitle("程序崩溃啦~");            builder.setMessage(sb.toString());            builder.setPositiveButton("我知道了", new OnClickListener() {                @Override                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub                    android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());                    System.exit(1);                }            });//            builder.create().show();        } catch (Exception e) {            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);        }    }}

2.完成这个CrashHandler后,我们需要在一个Application环境中让其运行,为此,我们继承android.app.Application,添加自己的代码,CrashApplication.java代码如下:

package com.czm.crash;    import android.app.Application;    public class CrashApplication extends Application {      @Override      public void onCreate() {          super.onCreate();          CrashHandler crashHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();          crashHandler.init(getApplicationContext());      }  }  

3.除此之外,最后,为了让上面的CrashApplication取代android.app.Application的地位,在我们的代码中生效,我们需要修改AndroidManifest.xml:

<application android:name=".CrashApplication" ...>  </application>