Windows环境Mycat数据库分库分表中间件部署

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Windows环境Mycat数据库分库分表中间件部署

2024-08-19 10:18:55 223人阅读

下载地址MYCAT官方网站

jdk安装配置

首先去oracle官网下载并安装jdk8,添加环境变量，JAVA_HOME设置为D:\Worksoftware\Java\jdk1.8
CLASSPATH设置为.;%JAVA_HOME%\lib;%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar
path系统变量追加%JAVA_HOME%\bin;

Mycat安装配置

首先添加Windows环境变量，MYCAT_HOME设置为安装目录E:\WorkSoftWare\MycatServer1.5
为了降低资源占用，mycat的jvm设置在startup_nowrap.bat，打开后可以清楚看到如下配置：
“%JAVA_CMD%” -server -Xms1G -Xmx2G -XX:MaxPermSize=64M -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=1G -DMYCAT_HOME=%MYCAT_HOME% -cp “..\conf;..\lib*” io.mycat.MycatStartup
这里将-Xms1G改成-Xms512M，-Xmx2G改成-Xmx1024M，保存后重新启动即可.
wrapper.conf文件里的改成wrapper.java.command=E:\WorkSoftWare\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe

Mycat启动的配置

schema.xml配置文件，如果分库在不同的服务器，可以配置两个datahost；如果在一个datahost中配置多个writeHost，则为主从配置。type=”global”时，为全局表

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
 3 <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://org.opencloudb/" >
 4 
 5 <!--在这一行参数里面,schema name定义了可以在MyCAT前端显示的逻辑数据库的名字,checkSQLschema这个参数为False的时候,表明MyCAT会自动忽略掉表名前的数据库名,比如说mydatabase1.test1,会被当做test1;sqlMaxLimit指定了SQL语句返回的行数限制-->
 6     <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
 7         <!-- 主键范围规则 -->
 8         <!-- 这一行代表在MyCAT前端会显示哪些表名,类似几行都代表一样的意思,这里强调的是表,而MyCAT并不会在配置文件里面定义表结构，如果在前端使用show create table ,MyCAT会显示正常的表结构信息,观察Debug日志,可以看到,MyCAT把命令分发给了dn1代表的数据库,然后把dn1的查询结果返回给了前端 可以判断,类似的数据库级别的一些查询指令,有可能是单独分发给某个节点,然后再把某个节点的信息返回给前端。
 9         dataNode的意义很简单,这个逻辑表的数据存储在后端的哪几个数据库里面rule代表的是这个逻辑表students的具体切分策略,目前MyCAT只支持按照某一个特殊列,遵循一些特殊的规则来切分,如取模,枚举等,具体的留给之后细说                  
10             --> 
11         <table name="travelrecord" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
12 
13         <table name="company" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn3,dn2,dn1" rule="mod-long"/>
14         <table name="goods" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2" />
15         <!--求模分片随机规则 -->
16         <table name="hotnews" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3"
17             rule="mod-long" />
18 
19         <table name="employee" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
20             rule="sharding-by-intfile" />
21         <table name="customer" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
22             rule="sharding-by-intfile">
23              <!-- 
24                 childtable我在测试中并没有实际用起来不过在MyCAT的设计文档里面有提到，childtable是一种依赖于父表的结构，
25                 这意味着，childtable的joinkey会按照父表的parentKey的策略一起切分，当父表与子表进行连接，
26                 且连接条件是childtable.joinKey=parenttable.parentKey时,不会进行跨库的连接.
27                 --> 
28             <childTable name="orders" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
29                 parentKey="id">
30                 <childTable name="order_items" joinKey="order_id"
31                     parentKey="id" />
32             </childTable>
33             <childTable name="customer_addr" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
34                 parentKey="id" />
35         </table>
36 
37         <!-- 全局表是自动克隆到所有定义的数据节点，这样可以与拆分节点的任何表连接查询，是在同一个数据节点-->
38         <table name="news_table" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" />
39     </schema>
40 
41     <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="mycatDB1" />
42     <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="localhost1" database="mycatDB2" />
43     <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="localhost1" database="mycatDB3" />
44 
45     <!--
46           dataHost配置的是实际的后端数据库集群,大部分参数简单易懂,这里就不一个个介绍了,只介绍比较重要的两个参数,writeType和balance.
47          --> 
48         <!-- writeType和balance是用来控制后端集群的读写分离的关键参数，这里我用了双主双从的集群配置
49             这里的测试过程比较麻烦，所以直接贴结论：
50            1.balance=0时,读操作都在localhost上(localhost失败时,后端直接失败)
51            2.balance=1时,读操作会随机分散在localhost1和两个readhost上面(localhost失败时,写操作会在localhost1,如果localhost1再失败,则无法进行写操作)
52            3.balance=2时,写操作会在localhost上，读操作会随机分散在localhost1,localhost1和两个readhost上面(同上)
53            4.writeType=0时,写操作会在localhost上,如果localhost失败,会自动切换到localhost1,localhost恢复以后并不会切换回localhost进行写操作
54            5.writeType=1时,写操作会随机分布在localhost和localhost1上,单点失败并不会影响集群的写操作,但是后端的从库会无法从挂掉的主库获取更新,会在读数据的时候出现数据不一致
55            举例:localhost失败了,写操作会在localhost1上面进行,localhost1的主从正常运行,但是localhost的从库无法从localhost获取更新,localhost的从库于其他库出现数据不一致
56          --> 
57     <dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
58         writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
59         <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
60         <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
61         <writeHost host="hostM1" url="localhost:3306" user="root"
62             password="123456">
63             <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
64             <!--<readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.1.200:3306" user="root" password="xxx" />-->
65         </writeHost>
66     </dataHost>
67 
68 </mycat:schema>

server.xml配置文件

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 3     - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
 4     may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
 5     - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
 6     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
 7     WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
 8     License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
 9     under the License. -->
10 <!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
11 <mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://org.opencloudb/">
12     <system>
13     <property name="defaultSqlParser">druidparser</property>
14       <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
15     <!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
16     <!-- 
17     <property name="processors">1</property> 
18     <property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
19      -->
20         <!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
21         <!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
22         <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
23         <!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
24         <!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
25         <!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
26         <!-- 
27             <property name="mutiNodeLimitType">1</property> 0：开启小数量级（默认） ；1：开启亿级数据排序
28             <property name="mutiNodePatchSize">100</property> 亿级数量排序批量
29             <property name="processors">32</property> <property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
30             <property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
31             <property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
32             <property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
33     </system>
34     <user name="test"><!--用户名-->
35         <property name="password">test</property><!--密码-->
36          <!--实例名，和schema.xml定义的schema对应，这里的实例名是虚拟名，也就是对mycat服务的一种别名，是应用程序以及客户端连接的入口。-->
37         <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
38     </user>
39 
40     <user name="user">
41         <property name="password">user</property>
42         <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
43         <property name="readOnly">true</property>
44     </user>
45     <!-- 
46     <quarantine> 
47        <whitehost>
48           <host host="127.0.0.1" user="mycat"/>
49           <host host="127.0.0.2" user="mycat"/>
50        </whitehost>
51        <blacklist check="false"></blacklist>
52     </quarantine>
53     -->
54 
55 </mycat:server>

rule.xml配置文件

  1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2 <!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
  3     - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
  4     may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
  5     - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
  6     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
  7     WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
  8     License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
  9     under the License. -->
 10 <!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
 11 <mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://org.opencloudb/">
 12     <tableRule name="rule1">
 13         <rule>
 14             <columns>id</columns>
 15             <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
 16         </rule>
 17     </tableRule>
 18 
 19     <tableRule name="rule2">
 20         <rule>
 21             <columns>user_id</columns>
 22             <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
 23         </rule>
 24     </tableRule>
 25 
 26     <tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile">
 27         <rule>
 28             <columns>sharding_id</columns>
 29             <algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
 30         </rule>
 31     </tableRule>
 32     <tableRule name="auto-sharding-long">
 33         <rule>
 34             <columns>id</columns>
 35             <algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
 36         </rule>
 37     </tableRule>
 38     <tableRule name="mod-long">
 39         <rule>
 40             <columns>id</columns>
 41             <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
 42         </rule>
 43     </tableRule>
 44     <tableRule name="sharding-by-murmur">
 45         <rule>
 46             <columns>id</columns>
 47             <algorithm>murmur</algorithm>
 48         </rule>
 49     </tableRule>
 50     <tableRule name="sharding-by-month">
 51         <rule>
 52             <columns>create_date</columns>
 53             <algorithm>partbymonth</algorithm>
 54         </rule>
 55     </tableRule>
 56     <tableRule name="latest-month-calldate">
 57         <rule>
 58             <columns>calldate</columns>
 59             <algorithm>latestMonth</algorithm>
 60         </rule>
 61     </tableRule>
 62 
 63     <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod">
 64         <rule>
 65             <columns>id</columns>
 66             <algorithm>rang-mod</algorithm>
 67         </rule>
 68     </tableRule>
 69 
 70     <tableRule name="jch">
 71         <rule>
 72             <columns>id</columns>
 73             <algorithm>jump-consistent-hash</algorithm>
 74         </rule>
 75     </tableRule>
 76 
 77     <function name="murmur"
 78         class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByMurmurHash">
 79         <property name="seed">0</property><!-- 默认是0 -->
 80         <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量，必须指定，否则没法分片 -->
 81         <property name="virtualBucketTimes">160</property><!-- 一个实际的数据库节点被映射为这么多虚拟节点，默认是160倍，也就是虚拟节点数是物理节点数的160倍 -->
 82         <!-- <property name="weightMapFile">weightMapFile</property> 节点的权重，没有指定权重的节点默认是1。以properties文件的格式填写，以从0开始到count-1的整数值也就是节点索引为key，以节点权重值为值。所有权重值必须是正整数，否则以1代替 -->
 83         <!-- <property name="bucketMapPath">/etc/mycat/bucketMapPath</property> 
 84             用于测试时观察各物理节点与虚拟节点的分布情况，如果指定了这个属性，会把虚拟节点的murmur hash值与物理节点的映射按行输出到这个文件，没有默认值，如果不指定，就不会输出任何东西 -->
 85     </function>
 86     <function name="hash-int"
 87         class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
 88         <property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
 89     </function>
 90     <function name="rang-long"
 91         class="org.opencloudb.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
 92         <property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
 93     </function>
 94     <function name="mod-long" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByMod">
 95         <!-- how many data nodes -->
 96         <property name="count">3</property>
 97     </function>
 98 
 99     <function name="func1" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByLong">
100         <property name="partitionCount">8</property>
101         <property name="partitionLength">128</property>
102     </function>
103     <function name="latestMonth"
104         class="org.opencloudb.route.function.LatestMonthPartion">
105         <property name="splitOneDay">24</property>
106     </function>
107     <function name="partbymonth"
108         class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByMonth">
109         <property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
110         <property name="sBeginDate">2015-01-01</property>
111     </function>
112 
113     <function name="rang-mod" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByRangeMod">
114             <property name="mapFile">partition-range-mod.txt</property>
115     </function>
116 
117     <function name="jump-consistent-hash" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByJumpConsistentHash">
118         <property name="totalBuckets">3</property>
119     </function>
120 </mycat:rule>