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C、Shell、Perl基于Tomcat开发CGI程序环境配置
基于Tomcat7.0版本配置CGI开发环境,步聚如下:
以我的Tomcat7安装目录为例:TOMCA_HOME = /Users/yangxin/Documents/devToos/java/apache-tomcat-7.0.39
1、打开TOMCA_HOME/conf/web.xml
将CGI的Serlvet配置与URL映射注释打开
<servlet> <servlet-name>cgi</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.CGIServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>0</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>executable</param-name> <param-value></param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>cgiPathPrefix</param-name> <param-value>WEB-INF/cgi</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>5</load-on-startup> </servlet>
<!-- The mapping for the CGI Gateway servlet --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>cgi</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/cgi-bin/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>CGI Servlet初始化参数说明:
1> cgiPathPrefix:设置cgi程序在应用中的访问位置,默认访问位置为:应用名称/WEB-INF/cgi
2> executable:CGI程序解析器,默认为perl,如果为空,可以是任何安装在操作系统环境变量的脚本解析器,或是C/C++程序
3> parameterEncoding:访问CGI Servlet的默认参数编码,默认为utf-8
4> passShellEnvironment:是否开启shell环境变量,默认为false
5> stderrTimeout:读取标准错误信息超时时长,默认为2000毫秒
2、打开TOMCAT_HOME/conf/context.xml
在context节点上添加一个属性privileged=true
<Context privileged="true"> <!-- Default set of monitored resources --> <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource> <!-- Uncomment this to disable session persistence across Tomcat restarts --> <!-- <Manager pathname="" /> --> <!-- Uncomment this to enable Comet connection tacking (provides events on session expiration as well as webapp lifecycle) --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.CometConnectionManagerValve" /> --> </Context>
3、创建CGI测试程序
在TOMCAT_HOME/webapps目录下创建建一个应用,如:cgitest,在cgitest应用下创建一个WEB-INF目录,在WEB-INF目录下创建一个cgi目录和一个web.xml文件,然后在cgi目录添加一个CGI测试脚本程序hello.sh和a.c并编译成a.cgi,并修改访问权限。随后启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/cgitest/cgi-bin/hello.sh就可以访问自己写的CGI程序了
创建好的应用目录结构如下所示:
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0" metadata-complete="true"> <display-name>Welcome to Tomcat</display-name> <description> Welcome to Tomcat </description> </web-app>hello.sh:
#!/bin/sh echo "Content-type:text/html\n\n" echo "hello world"a.c
#include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(int argc, const char** args) { printf("Content-type:text/html\n\n"); printf("i is cgi programe"); return 0; }
测试结果: