首页 > 代码库 > Maven多模块、Dubbo分布式服务框架的SpringMVC项目的基础搭建

Maven多模块、Dubbo分布式服务框架的SpringMVC项目的基础搭建

  现互联网公司后端架构常用到Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis,通过Maven来构建。通过学习,我已经掌握了基本的搭建过程,写下基础文章为而后的深入学习奠定基础。

  首先说一下这篇文章的主要内容分为:

  1、Maven多模块项目的创建;

  2、Maven与SpringMVC的整合;

  3、Dubbo的环境配置及与整合;

  4、新手在整合过程易犯的错误。

  通过一个简单的demo来说明,大家多多指教,分享经验!

  一、Maven多模块项目的创建

    我们需要建立一个多模块的maven项目,其目录结构为

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    其中student-api用于暴露接口;student-service用语处理业务逻辑及调用数据访问对象,返回相应数据;student-web主要用于提供dubbo服务,及其他db、spring、springMVC、mybatis等配置。这样设计能够将业务逻辑与数据访问隔离开,同时贴合了spring目标之一,就是允许我们在开发应用的程序时,能够遵循面向对象(OO)原则中的“针对接口编程”,很大程度上达到松耦合。这里将接口API隔离出来作为dubbo生产者的服务接口,供消费应用调用(在后续详细讲解)。

    1.新建Maven项目

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      2.选择项目存放路径后,选择创建一个简单的maven项目

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    3.填写GroupId和ArtifactId,注意选择或者填写版本号

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    点击完成后,建立好了student-demo项目。之后删除项目src目录,打开pom.xml将<packaging>jar</packaging>修改为<packaging>pom</packaging>,pom表示它是一个被继承的模块。修改后的pom.xml如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <name>student-demo</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>
  <!--模块建立好以后自动生成的-->
   <modules>
      <module>student-service</module>
      <module>student-api</module>
      <module>student-web</module>
  </modules>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

    在建成的项目student-demo上右键选择Maven Module后创建子项目student-api。

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    填写子模块名字:

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    项目类型选择:

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    点击完成,建立好第一个模块后,同样的过程建立好student-service模块和student-web模块,需要注意的是student-web选择的maven类型是:

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    修改子模块项目目录中的pom.xml文件,把<groupId>XXX</groupId><version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>去掉,加上<packaging>jar</packaging>,因为groupId和version会继承student-demo中的groupId和version,packaging设置打包方式为jar。例如修改后的student-service模块的pom.xml如下:

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 4   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5   <parent>
 6     <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
 7     <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
 8     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 9   </parent>
10   
11   <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
12   <packaging>jar</packaging>
13 </project>

    至此,maven多模块项目已经创建完成,现在我们需要在student-demo项目的pom中增加<dependencyManagement>标签定义可被子项目继承的第三方依赖包,打包配置,资源插件等,同时注意统一定义依赖的版本,避免冲突。这里还利用Maven配置了profiles,可根据情况增加不同的运行环境,并方便快捷地切换项目运行环境,目前我们只设置了dev开发环境。

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  1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  2   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  3   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  4 
  5   <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
  6   <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
  7   <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8   <packaging>pom</packaging>
  9 
 10   <properties>
 11     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
 12     <dep.ver.lombok>1.16.10</dep.ver.lombok>
 13         <dep.ver.druid>1.0.1</dep.ver.druid>
 14         <dep.ver.mysql>5.1.21</dep.ver.mysql>
 15         <dep.ver.springframework>4.2.5.RELEASE</dep.ver.springframework>
 16         <dep.ver.mybatis>3.3.0</dep.ver.mybatis>
 17         <dep.ver.mybatis-spring>1.3.0</dep.ver.mybatis-spring>
 18         <dep.ver.pagehelper>4.1.6</dep.ver.pagehelper>
 19         <dep.ver.aspectjrt>1.5.4</dep.ver.aspectjrt>
 20         <dep.ver.aspectjweaver>1.8.0</dep.ver.aspectjweaver>
 21         <dep.ver.servlet>3.1.0</dep.ver.servlet>
 22         <dep.ver.orika-core>1.4.6</dep.ver.orika-core>
 23         <dep.ver.javassist>3.20.0-GA</dep.ver.javassist>
 24         <dep.ver.paranamer>2.7</dep.ver.paranamer>
 25         <dep.ver.concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru>1.4.2</dep.ver.concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru>
 26         <dep.ver.gson>2.2.4</dep.ver.gson>
 27         <dep.ver.guava>15.0</dep.ver.guava>
 28         <dep.ver.slf4j>1.7.21</dep.ver.slf4j>
 29         <dep.ver.logback>1.1.7</dep.ver.logback>
 30         <dep.ver.log4j>1.2.12</dep.ver.log4j>
 31         <dep.ver.slf4j-log4j12>1.7.5</dep.ver.slf4j-log4j12>
 32         <dep.ver.logback-ext-spring>0.1.2</dep.ver.logback-ext-spring>
 33         <dep.ver.dubbo>2.5.3</dep.ver.dubbo>
 34         <dep.ver.zookeeper>3.4.8</dep.ver.zookeeper>
 35         <dep.ver.zkclient>0.8</dep.ver.zkclient>
 36         <dep.ver.commons-lang3>3.1</dep.ver.commons-lang3>
 37         <dep.ver.jackson>1.9.12</dep.ver.jackson>
 38         <dep.ver.shiro>1.2.3</dep.ver.shiro>
 39         <dep.ver.freemarker>2.3.22</dep.ver.freemarker>
 40         <dep.ver.commons-beanutils>1.9.2</dep.ver.commons-beanutils>
 41         <dep.ver.junit>4.11</dep.ver.junit>
 42         <dep.ver.mockito>1.10.19</dep.ver.mockito>
 43         <dep.ver.joda-time>2.9.3</dep.ver.joda-time>
 44         <dep.ver.commons-collections4>4.1</dep.ver.commons-collections4>
 45         <dep.ver.httpclient>4.5.2</dep.ver.httpclient>
 46 
 47         <dep.ver.fastjson>1.2.11</dep.ver.fastjson>
 48 
 49         <plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin>2.7</plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin>
 50         <plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin>2.5.1</plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin>
 51         <plg.ver.maven-source-plugin>3.0.0</plg.ver.maven-source-plugin>
 52         <plg.ver.lombok-maven-plugin>1.14.8.0</plg.ver.lombok-maven-plugin>
 53 
 54         <jdk.ver>1.8</jdk.ver>
 55         <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
 56         <center.project.name>${project.artifactId}</center.project.name>
 57         <profiles.dir>src/profiles</profiles.dir>
 58         <jackson.version>2.6.0</jackson.version>
 59   </properties>
 60   <modules>
 61       <module>student-service</module>
 62       <module>student-api</module>
 63       <module>student-web</module>
 64   </modules>
 65   
 66   <dependencies>
 67         <dependency>
 68             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 69             <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
 70             <version>5.2.4.Final</version>
 71         </dependency>
 72     </dependencies>
 73   
 74   <dependencyManagement>
 75         <dependencies>
 76             <!-- spring -->
 77             <dependency>
 78                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 79                 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 80                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
 81                 <exclusions>
 82                     <exclusion>
 83                         <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 84                         <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 85                     </exclusion>
 86                 </exclusions>
 87             </dependency>
 88             <dependency>
 89                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 90                 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 91                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
 92             </dependency>
 93             <dependency>
 94                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 95                 <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
 96                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
 97             </dependency>
 98             <dependency>
 99                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
100                 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
101                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
102             </dependency>
103             <dependency>
104                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
105                 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
106                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
107             </dependency>
108             <dependency>
109                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
110                 <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
111                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
112             </dependency>
113             <dependency>
114                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
115                 <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
116                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
117             </dependency>
118             <dependency>
119                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
120                 <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
121                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
122             </dependency>
123             <!-- spring -->
124             <!-- db -->
125             <dependency>
126                 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
127                 <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
128                 <version>${dep.ver.druid}</version>
129             </dependency>
130             <dependency>
131                 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
132                 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
133                 <version>${dep.ver.mysql}</version>
134             </dependency>
135             <!-- db -->
136             <!-- mybatis -->
137             <dependency>
138                 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
139                 <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
140                 <version>${dep.ver.mybatis}</version>
141             </dependency>
142             <dependency>
143                 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
144                 <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
145                 <version>${dep.ver.mybatis-spring}</version>
146             </dependency>
147             <dependency>
148                 <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
149                 <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
150                 <version>${dep.ver.pagehelper}</version>
151             </dependency>
152             <!-- mybatis -->
153             <!-- apache -->
154             <dependency>
155                 <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
156                 <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
157                 <version>${dep.ver.commons-lang3}</version>
158             </dependency>
159             <!-- apache -->
160             <!-- commons-beanutils -->
161             <dependency>
162                 <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
163                 <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
164                 <version>${dep.ver.commons-beanutils}</version>
165                 <exclusions>
166                     <exclusion>
167                         <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
168                         <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
169                     </exclusion>
170                 </exclusions>
171             </dependency>
172             <!-- commons-beanutils -->
173             <!-- log -->
174             <dependency>
175                 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
176                 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
177                 <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
178             </dependency>
179             <dependency>
180                 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
181                 <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
182                 <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
183             </dependency>
184             <dependency>
185                 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
186                 <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
187                 <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
188             </dependency>
189             <dependency>
190                 <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
191                 <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
192                 <version>${dep.ver.logback}</version>
193             </dependency>
194             <!-- log -->
195             <!-- dubbo -->
196             <dependency>
197                 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
198                 <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
199                 <version>${dep.ver.dubbo}</version>
200                 <exclusions>
201                     <exclusion>
202                         <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
203                         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
204                     </exclusion>
205                     <exclusion>
206                         <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
207                         <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
208                     </exclusion>
209                 </exclusions>
210             </dependency>
211             <!-- dubbo -->
212             <!-- zookeeper -->
213             <dependency>
214                 <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
215                 <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
216                 <version>${dep.ver.zookeeper}</version>
217                 <exclusions>
218                     <exclusion>
219                         <groupId>log4j</groupId>
220                         <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
221                     </exclusion>
222                 </exclusions>
223             </dependency>
224             <dependency>
225                 <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
226                 <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
227                 <version>${dep.ver.zkclient}</version>
228                 <exclusions>
229                     <exclusion>
230                         <groupId>log4j</groupId>
231                         <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
232                     </exclusion>
233                 </exclusions>
234             </dependency>
235             <!-- zookeeper -->
236             <!-- jackson -->
237             <dependency>
238                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
239                 <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
240                 <version>${dep.ver.jackson}</version>
241             </dependency>
242             <dependency>
243                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
244                 <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
245                 <version>${dep.ver.jackson}</version>
246             </dependency>
247             <!-- jackson -->
248             <!-- aspectj -->
249             <dependency>
250                 <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
251                 <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
252                 <version>${dep.ver.aspectjrt}</version>
253             </dependency>
254             <dependency>
255                 <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
256                 <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
257                 <version>${dep.ver.aspectjweaver}</version>
258             </dependency>
259             <!-- aspectj -->
260             <!-- servlet -->
261             <dependency>
262                 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
263                 <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
264                 <version>${dep.ver.servlet}</version>
265                 <scope>provided</scope>
266             </dependency>
267             <!-- servlet -->
268             <!-- javassist -->
269             <dependency>
270                 <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
271                 <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
272                 <version>${dep.ver.javassist}</version>
273             </dependency>
274             <!-- javassist -->
275             <!-- test start -->
276             <dependency>
277                 <groupId>junit</groupId>
278                 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
279                 <version>${dep.ver.junit}</version>
280                 <scope>test</scope>
281             </dependency>
282             <dependency>
283                 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
284                 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
285                 <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
286                 <scope>test</scope>
287             </dependency>
288             <dependency>
289                 <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
290                 <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
291                 <version>${dep.ver.mockito}</version>
292                 <scope>test</scope>
293             </dependency>
294             <!-- test end -->
295             <!-- google -->
296             <dependency>
297                 <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
298                 <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
299                 <version>${dep.ver.gson}</version>
300             </dependency>
301             <dependency>
302                 <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
303                 <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
304                 <version>${dep.ver.guava}</version>
305             </dependency>
306             <!-- google -->
307             <!-- lombok -->
308             <dependency>
309                 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
310                 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
311                 <version>${dep.ver.lombok}</version>
312             </dependency>
313             <!-- lombok -->
314             <dependency>
315                 <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
316                 <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
317                 <version>${dep.ver.commons-collections4}</version>
318             </dependency>
319             <dependency>
320                 <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
321                 <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
322                 <version>${dep.ver.httpclient}</version>
323                 <exclusions>
324                     <exclusion>
325                         <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
326                         <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
327                     </exclusion>
328                 </exclusions>
329             </dependency>
330         </dependencies>
331     </dependencyManagement>
332   
333   <profiles>
334         <profile>
335             <id>local</id>
336             <build>
337                 <resources>
338                     <resource>
339                         <directory>${profiles.dir}/local</directory>
340                     </resource>
341                 </resources>
342             </build>
343         </profile>
344 
345         <profile>
346             <id>dev</id>
347             <build>
348                 <resources>
349                     <resource>
350                         <directory>${profiles.dir}/dev</directory>
351                     </resource>
352                 </resources>
353             </build>
354         </profile>
355     </profiles>
356 
357     <build>
358         <finalName>${center.project.name}</finalName>
359 
360         <plugins>
361             <plugin>
362                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
363                 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
364                 <version>${plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin}</version>
365                 <configuration>
366                     <encoding>${encoding}</encoding>
367                 </configuration>
368             </plugin>
369             <plugin>
370                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
371                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
372                 <version>${plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin}</version>
373                 <configuration>
374                     <source>${jdk.ver}</source>
375                     <target>${jdk.ver}</target>
376                     <encoding>${encoding}</encoding>
377                 </configuration>
378             </plugin>
379             <plugin>
380                 <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
381                 <version>${plg.ver.maven-source-plugin}</version>
382                 <configuration>
383                     <attach>true</attach>
384                 </configuration> 
385                 <executions>
386                     <execution>
387                         <phase>compile</phase>
388                         <goals>
389                             <goal>jar</goal>
390                         </goals>
391                     </execution>
392                 </executions>
393             </plugin>
394         </plugins>
395         <resources>
396             <resource>
397                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
398                 <filtering>true</filtering>
399             </resource>
400         </resources>
401     </build>
402 </project>
View Code

    在student-api中继承父pom的依赖,并且直接引入。

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 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 4   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5   <parent>
 6     <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
 7     <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
 8     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 9   </parent>
10   <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
11  
12  <dependencies>
13         <dependency>
14             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
15             <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
16             <version>${dep.ver.fastjson}</version>
17         </dependency>
18 
19         <dependency>
20             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
21             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
22         </dependency>
23         <dependency>
24             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
25             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
26         </dependency>
27         <dependency>
28             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
29             <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
30         </dependency>
31         <!-- google -->
32         <dependency>
33             <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
34             <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
35         </dependency>
36         <dependency>
37             <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
38             <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
39         </dependency>
40         <!-- google -->
41 
42     </dependencies>
43 </project>
View Code

    在student-service中添加继承依赖,添加对student-api的依赖。

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  1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
  2 <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  4   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5   <parent>
  6     <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
  7     <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
  8     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  9   </parent>
 10   <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
 11 
 12   <dependencies>
 13         <dependency>
 14             <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
 15             <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
 16             <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 17         </dependency>
 18 
 19         <dependency>
 20             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 21             <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
 22             <version>${dep.ver.fastjson}</version>
 23         </dependency>
 24 
 25         <!-- oss相关依赖 -->
 26         <dependency>
 27             <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
 28             <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
 29             <version>2.0.7</version>
 30             <exclusions>
 31                 <exclusion>
 32                     <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 33                     <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 34                 </exclusion>
 35             </exclusions>
 36         </dependency>
 37         <!-- oss相关依赖 结束 -->
 38 
 39         <!-- db -->
 40         <dependency>
 41             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 42             <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
 43         </dependency>
 44         <dependency>
 45             <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 46             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 47         </dependency>
 48         <!-- db -->
 49 
 50         <!-- mybatis -->
 51         <dependency>
 52             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
 53             <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
 54         </dependency>
 55         <dependency>
 56             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
 57             <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
 58         </dependency>
 59         <dependency>
 60             <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
 61             <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
 62         </dependency>
 63         <!-- mybatis -->
 64 
 65         <!-- spring配置 -->
 66         <dependency>
 67             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 68             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 69         </dependency>
 70         <dependency>
 71             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 72             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 73         </dependency>
 74         <dependency>
 75             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 76             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
 77         </dependency>
 78         <dependency>
 79             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 80             <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
 81         </dependency>
 82         <dependency>
 83             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 84             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
 85         </dependency>
 86         <dependency>
 87             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 88             <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
 89         </dependency>
 90         <dependency>
 91             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 92             <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
 93         </dependency>
 94         <!-- spring配置 -->
 95 
 96         <!-- jackson -->
 97         <!-- <dependency> -->
 98         <!-- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> -->
 99         <!-- <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> -->
100         <!-- </dependency> -->
101         <!-- <dependency> -->
102         <!-- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> -->
103         <!-- <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> -->
104         <!-- </dependency> -->
105         <dependency>
106             <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
107             <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
108             <version>${jackson.version}</version>
109         </dependency>
110         <dependency>
111             <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
112             <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
113             <version>${jackson.version}</version>
114         </dependency>
115         <dependency>
116             <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
117             <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
118             <version>${jackson.version}</version>
119         </dependency>
120         <!-- jackson -->
121 
122         <!-- log -->
123         <dependency>
124             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
125             <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
126         </dependency>
127         <dependency>
128             <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
129             <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
130         </dependency>
131         <dependency>
132             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
133             <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
134         </dependency>
135         <dependency>
136             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
137             <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
138         </dependency>
139         <!-- log -->
140 
141         <!-- google -->
142         <dependency>
143             <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
144             <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
145         </dependency>
146         <!-- <dependency> -->
147         <!-- <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> -->
148         <!-- <artifactId>gson</artifactId> -->
149         <!-- </dependency> -->
150         <!-- google -->
151 
152         <dependency>
153             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
154             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
155         </dependency>
156 
157         <dependency>
158             <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
159             <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
160         </dependency>
161 
162         <dependency>
163             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
164             <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
165         </dependency>
166 
167         <dependency>
168             <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
169             <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
170         </dependency>
171 
172         <!-- aspectj -->
173         <dependency>
174             <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
175             <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
176         </dependency>
177         <dependency>
178             <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
179             <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
180         </dependency>
181         <!-- aspectj -->
182 
183         <!-- dubbo -->
184         <dependency>
185             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
186             <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
187             <exclusions>
188                 <exclusion>
189                     <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
190                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
191                 </exclusion>
192                 <exclusion>
193                     <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
194                     <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
195                 </exclusion>
196             </exclusions>
197         </dependency>
198         <dependency>
199             <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
200             <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
201             <exclusions>
202                 <exclusion>
203                     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
204                     <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
205                 </exclusion>
206             </exclusions>
207         </dependency>
208         <dependency>
209             <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
210             <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
211             <exclusions>
212                 <exclusion>
213                     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
214                     <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
215                 </exclusion>
216             </exclusions>
217         </dependency>
218         <!-- dubbo -->
219 
220         <dependency>
221             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
222             <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
223         </dependency>
224 
225         <dependency>
226             <groupId>cglib</groupId>
227             <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
228             <version>3.1</version>
229         </dependency>
230     </dependencies>
231 </project>
View Code

    在student-web中继承依赖,添加对student-api,student-service的依赖。注意子项目依赖版本都为<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

技术分享
 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 4   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5   <parent>
 6     <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
 7     <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
 8     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 9   </parent>
10   <artifactId>student-web</artifactId>
11   <packaging>war</packaging>
12   <dependencies>
13         <dependency>
14             <groupId>junit</groupId>
15             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
16         </dependency>
17     
18         <dependency>
19             <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
20             <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
21             <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
22         </dependency>
23         <dependency>
24             <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
25             <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
26             <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
27         </dependency>
28     </dependencies>
29   <build>
30     <finalName>student-web</finalName>
31   </build>
32 </project>
View Code

   二、Maven与SpringMVC的整合

    1.第一部分已经在项目pom文件中配置了spring的相关依赖

    2.在student-web项目根路径上添加profiles源目录及配置文件

     注意是建立源文件不是普通文件夹。

     技术分享

     然后在此源文件夹下建立普通文件夹props,用于存放配置文件。在props下新建db-config.properties资源文件,用于配置mysql,其配置内容为:

1 database.database=mysql
2 database.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
3 database.url=jdbc:mysql://172.0.0.1:3306/student_data?characterEncoding=utf8
4 database.user=root
5 database.password=root
6 database.show_sql=true

     在mysql数据库中建立一张简单的student数据表,其结构为:

     技术分享

     3.在student-web的src/main/resources目录中新建spring文件夹,新建spring-base.xml和spring-dispatcher.xml。其中值得说明一下的是,spring监听器ContextLoaderListener和控制器DispatcherServlet会加载应用上下文。其中上下文参数contextConfigLocation的value值是根应用上下文路径classpath:spring/spring-base.xml,它会被ContextLoaderListener加载bean定义。spring-base.xml中的内容为:

技术分享
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 开启aspectj自动注解 -->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />

    <context:component-scan base-package="org.student" />
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 配置文件加载 -->
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="order" value="1" />
        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:props/db-config.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <import resource="classpath:spring/spring-db.xml" />
</beans>
View Code

       同样DispatcherServlet会从classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml加载它的bean。

技术分享
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 4     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 6                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
 7                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 8                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
 9                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
10                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
11 
12     <mvc:annotation-driven>
13         <mvc:message-converters>
14             <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter " />
15         </mvc:message-converters>
16     </mvc:annotation-driven>
17 
18     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
19     <!-- 相当于注册了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter两个bean,配置一些messageconverter。即解决了@Controller注解的使用前提配置 -->
20 </beans>
View Code

     4.在Web.xml中声明DispatcherServlet

     SpringMVC所有请求都会通过一个前端控制器DispatcherServlet,通过这个控制器将请求委托给应用程序的其它执行单元来处理,所以需要通过web.xml来注册。打开student-web项目目录下src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml,修改web.xml

技术分享
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
 5     id="schedule-console" version="3.0">
 6     <display-name>student-web</display-name>
 7 
 8     <!-- web.xml中加载顺序是 context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet -->
 9     <!-- spring基础配置文件位置 -->
10     <context-param>
11         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
12         <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-base.xml</param-value>
13     </context-param>
14 
15     <!-- Spring监听 -->
16     <listener>
17         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
18     </listener>
19     <!-- 设置servlet编码开始 -->
20     <filter>
21         <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
22         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
23         <init-param>
24             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
25             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
26         </init-param>
27         <init-param>
28             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
29             <param-value>true</param-value>
30         </init-param>
31     </filter>
32     <filter-mapping>
33         <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
34         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
35     </filter-mapping>
36     <!-- 设置servlet编码结束 -->
37     <servlet>
38         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
39         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
40         <init-param>
41             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
42             <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml</param-value>
43         </init-param>
44     </servlet>
45     <servlet-mapping>
46         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
47         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
48     </servlet-mapping>
49 </web-app>
View Code

     5.spring与Mybatis的整合

     在student-web的src/main/resources目录中新建mybatis文件夹,再在此目录新建mybatis.xml和mapper文件夹。在spring文件夹下新建spring-db.xml用于spring加载mybatis配置。spring-db.xml内容如下:

技术分享
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 6         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
 7         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
 8         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
 9         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
10         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
11 
12     <!-- 采用druid作为连接池 -->
13     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
14         init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
15         <!-- 基本属性 url、user、password -->
16         <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driverClassName}" />
17         <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
18         <property name="username" value="${database.user}" />
19         <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
20 
21         <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
22         <property name="initialSize" value="1" />
23         <property name="minIdle" value="1" />
24         <property name="maxActive" value="20" />
25 
26         <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
27         <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
28 
29         <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
30         <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
31 
32         <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 -->
33         <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
34         <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT ‘x‘" />
35         <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
36         <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
37         <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
38 
39         <!-- 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 -->
40         <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
41         <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
42             value="20" />
43 
44         <!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters -->
45         <property name="filters" value="stat" />
46     </bean>
47 
48     <!-- 配置mybatis的sqlSessionFactory -->
49     <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
50         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
51         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis.xml" />
52         <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml" />
53     </bean>
54 
55     <!-- mybatis mapper接口扫描 -->
56     <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
57         <property name="basePackage" value="org.student.service.mapper" />
58         <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
59     </bean>
60 
61     <bean id="transactionManager"
62         class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
63         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
64     </bean>
65 
66     <!-- 开启@Transactional事务注解 -->
67     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
68 </beans>
View Code

    三、Dubbo的环境配置及与整合

     我们已经搭建好student-demo项目来作为provider,为其它服务提供接口,所以我们需要先配置好dubbo提供者,PS:这里不会讲解zookeeper的搭建,请自行百度。其项目结构为:

      技术分享

     1.首先在student-web中配置dubbo

     由于我们已经在student-demo中添加了dubbo和zookeeper的相关依赖,下一步字啊resources目录中建立dubbo文件夹,再新建dubbo-producer.xml,同时在profiles的dev环境中添加dubbo-producer.properties配置文件,设置zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址,配置group分组,服务端口,注册中心请求超时时间(毫秒)和版本。其中组别+接口地址+版本号唯一的标识了一个接口。文件内容为:

1 student-registry-address=172.0.0.1:2181
2 student-group=student-min
3 student-service-port=22026
4 student-timeout=120000
5 student-version=1.0.0

     这样我们就可以来配置dubbo-producer.xml

技术分享
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:props/dubbo-producer.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
    
    <dubbo:application name="provider-student-demo"/>
    <dubbo:registry address="${student-registry-address}" protocol="zookeeper"/>
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="${student-service-port}" accesslog="true" />
</beans>
View Code

     2.写一个简单的服务接口
     1)首先在student-service中建立Student实体类

技术分享
 1 package org.student.bean;
 2 
 3 public class Student {
 4     private Long id;
 5     private String name;
 6     private Integer age;
 7     public Long getId() {
 8         return id;
 9     }
10     public void setId(Long id) {
11         this.id = id;
12     }
13     public String getName() {
14         return name;
15     }
16     public void setName(String name) {
17         this.name = name;
18     }
19     public Integer getAge() {
20         return age;
21     }
22     public void setAge(Integer age) {
23         this.age = age;
24     }
25     
26     
27 }
View Code

     2)同时在student-api中建立与实体bean对应的DTO类实现Serializable接口,并重写toString方法。一般为了不破坏实体类和数据库表一一对应的接口,我们会新建一个DTO实体类,并且加入一些冗余的字段,作为前后端的传输对象。

技术分享
 1 package org.student.api.dto;
 2 
 3 import java.io.Serializable;
 4 
 5 public class StudentDTO implements Serializable{
 6     
 7     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 8     private Long id;
 9     private String name;
10     private Integer age;
11     public Long getId() {
12         return id;
13     }
14     public void setId(Long id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17     public String getName() {
18         return name;
19     }
20     public void setName(String name) {
21         this.name = name;
22     }
23     public Integer getAge() {
24         return age;
25     }
26     public void setAge(Integer age) {
27         this.age = age;
28     }
29     
30     @Override
31     public String toString() {
32         return "id = " + id + ", name = " + name + ",age = " + age;
33     }
34     
35     
36 }
View Code

     3)在student-api中建立StudentApi接口,值得注意的是@service注解中的对象

技术分享
1 package org.student.api;
2 
3 import java.util.List;
4 
5 import org.student.api.dto.StudentDTO;
6 
7 public interface StudentApi {
8     List<StudentDTO> listStudents();
9 }
View Code

      4)在dubbo-producer.xml中注册StudentApi,添加配置:

<dubbo:service interface="org.student.api.StudentApi" ref="studentApi"   group="${student-group}" version="${student-version}" timeout="${student-timeout}" />

     5)从service业务逻辑层子模块开始编写接口实现,新建在student-service中新建StudentBiz实现StudentApi接口

技术分享
 1 package org.student.service.biz;
 2 
 3 import java.util.List;
 4 
 5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 8 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 9 import org.student.api.StudentApi;
10 import org.student.api.dto.StudentDTO;
11 import org.student.bean.Student;
12 import org.student.service.StudentService;
13 
14 import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
15 
16 @Service("studentApi")
17 public class StudentBiz implements StudentApi{
18     private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StudentBiz.class);
19     
20     @Autowired
21     private StudentService studentService;
22     
23     @Override
24     public List<StudentDTO> listStudents() {
25         List<Student> listStudent = studentService.listStudent();
26         List<StudentDTO> listStudentDTO = Lists.newArrayList();
27         for(Student student: listStudent){
28             StudentDTO studentDTO = new StudentDTO();
29             studentDTO.setId(student.getId());
30             studentDTO.setAge(student.getAge());
31             studentDTO.setName(student.getName());
32             listStudentDTO.add(studentDTO);
33         }
34         return listStudentDTO;
35     }
36 }
View Code

     6)在student-service中创建service层接口StudentService

技术分享
 1 package org.student.service;
 2 
 3 import java.util.List;
 4 
 5 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 6 import org.student.bean.Student;
 7 
 8 @Service
 9 public interface StudentService {
10 
11     List<Student> listStudent();
12     
13 }
View Code

     7)在student-service中实现StudentService接口

技术分享
 1 package org.student.service.impl;
 2 
 3 import java.util.List;
 4 
 5 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 6 
 7 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 8 import org.student.bean.Student;
 9 import org.student.service.StudentService;
10 import org.student.service.mapper.StudentMapper;
11 
12 @Service("studentService")
13 public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
14 
15     @Resource
16     private StudentMapper studentMapper;
17     
18     @Override
19     public List<Student> listStudent() {
20         List<Student> listStudent = studentMapper.listStudent();
21         return listStudent;
22     }
23 
24 }
View Code

     8)在student-service中创建数据层StudentMapper接口

技术分享
1 package org.student.service.mapper;
2 
3 import java.util.List;
4 
5 import org.student.bean.Student;
6 
7 public interface StudentMapper {
8     List<Student> listStudent();
9 }
View Code

     9)在student-web中创建实体映射的XML文件,注意StudentMapper类与sql ID的对应关系

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     dubbo提供者已创建完成,创建完成子应用结构为

       技术分享技术分享技术分享

    3.为了更好的验证,需要创建一个消费者,跳用dubbo接口,其项目结构与子项目student-web类似,Maven项目类型为Webapp project。为了不冗余介绍,请参考Maven项目搭建方式。其将建完成的结构为:
       技术分享    
    作为消费者,student-test项目的dubbo配置有所不同
    
1)dubbo-consumer.properties的service-group应该与提供者一致,否者找不到提供者方的接口。同时pom.xml中需要增加对的依赖
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
1 student-registry-address=172.0.0.1:2181
2 student-service-group=student-min
3 student-service-version=1.0.0
4 student-service-timeout=120000

     2)spring-dubbo-consumer.xml的配置及接口调用方式

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 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
 5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 6     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 7     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 8     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
 9     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
10     http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
11     http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
12      
13     <dubbo:application name="consumer-student-test" />
14 
15     <dubbo:registry address="${student-registry-address}" protocol="zookeeper" />
16     
17     
18     <dubbo:reference id="studentApi" interface="org.student.api.StudentApi"
19         group="${student-service-group}" version="${student-service-version}"
20         check="false" />
21     
22 </beans>
View Code

     3)调用者的controller层

 1 package org.student.controller;
 2 
 3 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 4 
 5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 8 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
10 import org.student.api.StudentApi;
11 
12 @RestController
13 @RequestMapping("/student")
14 public class StudentController {
15     private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StudentController.class);
16 
17     @Resource
18     private StudentApi studentApi;
19     
20     @RequestMapping(path = "/listStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST)
21     public void listStudent(){
22         logger.info("get students...");
23         logger.info("the data are " + studentApi.listStudents());
24     }
25 }

     4)服务器同时启动provider和consumer,会看到启动信息

       技术分享

    查看zookeeper注册中心发现提供者消费者都已成功注册
       技术分享
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    5)测试接口
    由于我并没有写view层来展示数据,现在只能通过控制台的日志信息来简单测试接口。(logback的用法不做解释)利用浏览器post请求访问
http://172.0.0.1:8080/student-test/student/listStudent,控制台输出为
[http-nio-8080-exec-2] INFO  2016-11-07 18:33:24.450 o.s.c.StudentController[24] - get students...
[DubboServerHandler-172.28.19.7:22026-thread-2] INFO  2016-11-07 18:33:24.729 d.a.o.s.a.StudentApi[58] -  [DUBBO] [2016-11-07 18:3:24] 172.28.19.7:56346 -> 172.28.19.7:22026 - student-min/org.student.api.StudentApi:1.0.0 listStudents() , dubbo version: 2.5.3, current host: 127.0.0.1
[http-nio-8080-exec-2] INFO  2016-11-07 18:33:25.026 o.s.c.StudentController[25] - the data are [id = 1, name = 张三,age = 20]

    四、新手在整合过程易犯的错误。

    1.ClassNotFound异常
严重: Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1332)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:518)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:499)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4764)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5303)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1407)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1397)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

      eclipse会自动将deployment assembly指定的工程,打成jar包,放入到web-inf/lib目录下,tomcat在发布项目的时候没有同时发布maven依赖所添加的jar包,但是如果在deployment assembly没有配置相应的依赖包,就会抛出异常。解决方法:项目 —> properties -> Deployment Assembly -> Add -> Java Build Path Entries -> 选择Maven Dependencies -> Finish -> OK 把对应的Maven依赖包也发布到tomcat,调试时会自动把那些jar发布到指定目录下,tomcat也能找到那些jar了。
      另外,同样的报错可能由于不同的原因造成,如果没有激活Maven profile也会报这种错误,激活profile的方式有很多,通过命令首先需要在pom.xml中用<profiles>配置(详细配置请查看上文)再通过命令行:

mvn install -Pdev #激活dev环境

      也可以通过eclipse的配置:项目-->properties-->Maven-->填写profile名-->apply-->finish

        技术分享

      2.启动student-web,spring创建bean对象失败

十一月 07, 2016 8:19:24 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘org.student.api.StudentApi‘: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘studentApi‘ while setting bean property ‘ref‘; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named ‘studentApi‘ is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:359)
    ...
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839)
    ...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named ‘studentApi‘ is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:698)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1175)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:284)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:351)
    ...

      spring有强大的注解帮助我们简化很大部分代码,并降低的耦合。@Autowired或@Resource在 Bean 类中使用自动注入功能,但是 Bean 还是在 XML 文件中通过 <bean> 进行定义 —— 也就是说,在 XML 配置文件中定义 Bean,通过@Autowired或@Resource为 Bean 的成员变量、方法入参或构造函数入参提供自动注入的功能。以前通过在spring文件中配置<bean>的方式被移除,仅需要添加一行 <context:component-scan/> 配置就解决所有问题了——Spring XML 配置文件得到了极致的简化。<context:component-scan/> 的 base-package 属性指定了需要扫描的类包,类包及其递归子包中所有的类都会被处理。解决:在spring-base.xml中添加

<context:component-scan base-package="org.student" />

      3.消费者访问dubbo接口被拒绝

严重: Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcher] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Forbid consumer 172.0.0.1 access service org.student.api.StudentApi from registry 172.0.0.1:2181 use dubbo version 2.5.3, Please check registry access list (whitelist/blacklist).] with root cause
com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Forbid consumer 172.0.0.1 access service org.student.api.StudentApi from registry 172.0.0.1:2181 use dubbo version 2.5.3, Please check registry access list (whitelist/blacklist). at com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryDirectory.doList(RegistryDirectory.java:579) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.directory.AbstractDirectory.list(AbstractDirectory.java:73) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.list(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:260) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:219) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.wrapper.MockClusterInvoker.invoke(MockClusterInvoker.java:72) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.proxy.InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke(InvokerInvocationHandler.java:52) at com.alibaba.dubbo.common.bytecode.proxy0.listStudents(proxy0.java) at org.student.controller.StudentController.listStudent(StudentController.java:25) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
....

      如果消费者访问的接口路径不正确,则无法调用接口。出现这种错误是我没有把消费者的组设置成提供者的组,解决方法是group保持一致

      技术分享       

       4.访问所有接口都报404错误 

INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:28.507 o.s.w.s.DispatcherServlet[488] - FrameworkServlet ‘dispatcher‘: initialization started
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:28.518 o.s.w.c.s.XmlWebApplicationContext[578] - Refreshing WebApplicationContext for namespace ‘dispatcher-servlet‘: startup date [Tue Nov 08 12:42:28 CST 2016]; parent: Root WebApplicationContext
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:28.519 o.s.b.f.x.XmlBeanDefinitionReader[317] - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/spring-dispatcher.xml]
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:28.657 o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory[839] - Overriding bean definition for bean ‘org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping‘ with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null] with [Root bean: class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null]
...
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:29.545 o.s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter[532] - Looking for @ControllerAdvice: WebApplicationContext for namespace ‘dispatcher-servlet‘: startup date [Tue Nov 08 12:42:28 CST 2016]; parent: Root WebApplicationContext
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:29.810 o.s.w.s.v.v.VelocityConfigurer[140] - ClasspathResourceLoader with name ‘springMacro‘ added to configured VelocityEngine
INFO  2016-11-08 12:42:30.193 o.s.w.s.DispatcherServlet[507] - FrameworkServlet ‘dispatcher‘: initialization completed in 1684 ms
WARN  2016-11-08 12:42:30.206 o.s.w.s.PageNotFound[1136] - No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/student/listStudent] in DispatcherServlet with name ‘dispatcher‘

      这个错误我找了很久才发现,并不是简单的访问路径错误。仔细查看日志信息会发现spring加载dispatcher的过程,截取在web.xml中配置

<!--spring加载-->
<context-param> <param-name>
contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-base.xml</param-value> </context-param> ...
<!--springMVC加载-->
<servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

      在Tomcat启动时,web.xml中加载顺序是 context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet,ContextLoaderListener基于Web上下文级别的监听器在启动服务器时就创建ApplicationContext并且将配置的Spring Bean加载到XML中。DispatcherServlet是一个请求分发控制器,所有匹配的URL都会通过该Servlet分发执行,在创建Servlet对象时会初始化Spring MVC相关配置。spring-dispatcher.xml中定义了控制器映射,使用Controller+RequestMapping注解映射时,相关controller组件扫描要定义在spring-dispatcher.xml中,而非spring-base.xml中。依据这样的分析,我去查看了student-test项目中spring-dispatcher.xml和spring-base.xml的配置,发现spring-base.xml配置了

<context:component-scan base-package="org.student"/>

      而在spring-dispatcher.xml中未配置扫描路径。所以spring无法加载controller中的映射,自然会404了,解决方式则是在spring-dispatcher.xml中加上扫描。

      至此,这是所有我想介绍的内容,欢迎大家批评指正,转载请注明出处,另外想要源码的朋友可以留言,谢谢。

      博客推荐:

         http://blessht.iteye.com/blog/2121845

        http://www.cnblogs.com/szlbm/p/5512931.html

        http://blog.csdn.net/congcong68/article/details/41113239

    

Maven多模块、Dubbo分布式服务框架的SpringMVC项目的基础搭建