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How to Use the UTL_MAIL Package

2024-07-12 17:25:52   223人阅读

APPLIES TO:

PL/SQL - Version 10.1.0.2 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
"Checked for relevance on 06-Mar-2012"


GOAL

This note shows how to send emails with the UTL_MAIL package provided staring in Oracle 10g.

SOLUTION

How to Send Emails Using UTL_MAIL


1. UTL_MAIL is a wrapper, which internally uses UTL_TCP and UTL_SMTP, the "old" packages to send emails. You can see that, when you receive an error stack. It contains the functions UTL_TCP and UTL_SMTP. The UTL_MAIL package is much easier to use than the UTL_SMTP package. To create the package, you have to run utlmail.sql and prvtmail.plb under sys. You can find the two scripts in the ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory. Prerequisite for using the procedures in the UTL_MAIL package further is the new init.ora parameter "SMTP_OUT_SERVER", which has to be set to your outgoing mailserver.

UTL_MAIL package consists of three procedures:

PROCEDURE SEND
Argument Name Typ In/Out Defaultwert
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
SENDER VARCHAR2 IN
RECIPIENTS VARCHAR2 IN
CC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
BCC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
SUBJECT VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MESSAGE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
PRIORITY BINARY_INTEGER IN DEFAULT


PROCEDURE SEND_ATTACH_RAW
Argument Name Typ In/Out Defaultwert
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
SENDER VARCHAR2 IN
RECIPIENTS VARCHAR2 IN
CC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
BCC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
SUBJECT VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MESSAGE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
PRIORITY BINARY_INTEGER IN DEFAULT
ATTACHMENT RAW IN
ATT_INLINE BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
ATT_MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
ATT_FILENAME VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT


PROCEDURE SEND_ATTACH_VARCHAR2
Argument Name Typ In/Out Defaultwert
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
SENDER VARCHAR2 IN
RECIPIENTS VARCHAR2 IN
CC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
BCC VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
SUBJECT VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MESSAGE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
PRIORITY BINARY_INTEGER IN DEFAULT
ATTACHMENT VARCHAR2 IN
ATT_INLINE BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
ATT_MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT
ATT_FILENAME VARCHAR2 IN DEFAULT



2. In this section you can find several samples, showing the functionality of UTL_MAIL. Before attempting to run them be sure that you have created the UTL_MAIL package by running the following script under SYS schema.

@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlmail.sql @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvtmail.plb



Grants the execute on UTL_MAIL privilege either to PUBLIC or to the user which will use the package, running one of this statement from SYS:

GRANT EXECUTE ON UTL_MAIL TO PUBLIC;
--or--
GRANT EXECUTE ON UTL_MAIL TO <user>;

 

TIP: With Database releases 11.1 or later, you will need to setup an ACL for any users that need access to the UTL_MAIL package. See Document 1209644.1 for additional information on the creation and setup. 

  

  
In sample 2.2 and 2.3, attachment file cannot exceed the 32k size, because the attachment argument type. 2.1. Simple sample to test the SEND procedure:

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE send_email AS
BEGIN 
UTL_MAIL.SEND(sender => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, recipients => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, cc => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, bcc => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, subject => ‘Testmail‘, message => ‘Hello‘);

EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- dbms_output.put_line(‘Fehler‘);
raise_application_error(-20001,‘The following error has occured: ‘ || sqlerrm); 
END;
/
SHOW ERRORS 

exec send_email;


2.2. Sample sending emails with attachments. To run this example the directory object ‘MYDIR‘ must be created.Also there must be a file named attach.txt in that directory.

CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY OBJECT MYDIR as ‘/tmp‘
grant read on directory MYDIR to public;

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE send_email_attach AS

fHandle utl_file.file_type; 
vTextOut varchar2(32000); 
text varchar2(32000) := NULL;

BEGIN 

fHandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(‘MYDIR‘,‘attach.txt‘,‘r‘);

IF UTL_FILE.IS_OPEN(fHandle) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘File read open‘);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘File read not open‘);
END IF;

loop
begin
UTL_FILE.GET_LINE(fHandle,vTextOut);
IF text IS NULL THEN
text := text || vTextOut;
ELSE
text := text || UTL_TCP.CRLF || vTextOut;
END IF;
-- dbms_output.put_line(length(text));
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN EXIT;
end;
END LOOP; 

--dbms_output.put_line(length(text));

UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fHandle);

UTL_MAIL.SEND_ATTACH_VARCHAR2(sender => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, recipients => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, subject => ‘Testmail‘, message => ‘Hello‘, attachment => text, ATT_INLINE => FALSE); 
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- dbms_output.put_line(‘Fehler‘);
raise_application_error(-20001,‘The following error has occured: ‘ || sqlerrm); 
END;
/
SHOW ERRORS 

exec send_email_attach


With att_inline you can specify, whether the attachment is viewable inline with the message body or not. With the att_filename parameter you can give the attached file name. 2.3. Sample sending emails with RAW attachments.

set serveroutput on;

create or replace directory BFILE_DIR as ‘c:\beispiele\utl_mail‘;
grant read on directory BFILE_DIR to public;

DECLARE
fil BFILE;
file_len PLS_INTEGER;
MAX_LINE_WIDTH PLS_INTEGER := 54;
buf RAW(2100);
amt BINARY_INTEGER := 2000;
pos PLS_INTEGER := 1; /* pointer for each piece */
filepos PLS_INTEGER := 1; /* pointer for the file */
filenm VARCHAR2(50) := ‘clouds.jpg‘; /* binary file attachment */
data RAW(2100);
chunks PLS_INTEGER;
len PLS_INTEGER;
modulo PLS_INTEGER;
pieces PLS_INTEGER;
err_num NUMBER;
err_msg VARCHAR2(100); 
resultraw RAW(32000); 

BEGIN

/* Assign the file a handle */
fil := BFILENAME(‘BFILE_DIR‘, filenm);

/* Get the length of the file in bytes */
file_len := dbms_lob.getlength(fil);

/* Get the remainer when we divide by amt */
modulo := mod(file_len, amt);

/* How many pieces? */
pieces := trunc(file_len / amt);
if (modulo <> 0) then
pieces := pieces + 1;
end if; 

/* Open the file */
dbms_lob.fileopen(fil, dbms_lob.file_readonly);

/* Read the first amt into the buffer */
dbms_lob.read(fil, amt, filepos, buf);

/* For each piece of the file . . . */
FOR i IN 1..pieces LOOP

/* Position file pointer for next read */
filepos := i * amt + 1;

/* Calculate remaining file length */
file_len := file_len - amt;

/* Stick the buffer contents into data */
data := utl_raw.concat(data, buf);

/* Calculate the number of chunks in this piece */
chunks := trunc(utl_raw.length(data) / MAX_LINE_WIDTH);

/* Don‘t want too many chunks */
IF (i <> pieces) THEN
chunks := chunks - 1;
END IF;

/* For each chunk in this piece . . . */
FOR j IN 0..chunks LOOP

/* Position ourselves in this piece */
pos := j * MAX_LINE_WIDTH + 1;

/* Is this the last chunk in this piece? */
IF (j <> chunks) THEN
len := MAX_LINE_WIDTH;
ELSE
len := utl_raw.length(data) - pos + 1;
IF (len > MAX_LINE_width) THEN
len := MAX_LINE_WIDTH;
END IF;
END IF;
/* If we got something, let‘s write it */
IF (len > 0 ) THEN

resultraw := resultraw || utl_raw.substr(data, pos, len);
END IF;
END LOOP;

/* Point at the rest of the data buffer */
IF (pos + len <= utl_raw.length(data)) THEN
data := utl_raw.substr(data, pos + len);
ELSE
data := NULL;
END IF;

/* We‘re running out of file, only get the rest of it */
if (file_len < amt and file_len > 0) then
amt := file_len;
end if;

/* Read the next amount into the buffer */
dbms_lob.read(fil, amt, filepos, buf);

END LOOP;

/* Don‘t forget to close the file */
dbms_lob.fileclose(fil);
UTL_MAIL.SEND_ATTACH_RAW(sender => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, recipients => ‘xxx@oracle.com‘, subject => ‘Testmail‘, message => ‘Hello‘, attachment => resultraw, att_filename => ‘clouds.jpg‘); 
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
--dbms_output.put_line(‘Fehler‘);
raise_application_error(-20001,‘The following error has occured: ‘ || sqlerrm); 
END;
/


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