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HTML5之API
HTML5就是牛,可以直接播放音视频,还可以作图;
一、HTML5中播放视频和音频:
加载时直接播放音频的方式:new Audio("BY2.mp3").play();
<div> <h1>播放器</h1> <!-- controls:显示播放控件; --> <h3>视频</h3> <video id="mpv" width="60%" height="30%" controls="controls"> <source src="http://www.mamicode.com/1.mp4" type="video/mp4"> </video> <h3>音频</h3> <audio id="mp" controls="controls"> <source src="http://www.mamicode.com/BY2.mp3" type="audio/mp3"> </audio> <script type="text/javascript"> var video = $("#mp")[0]; video.play(); </script>
二、可伸缩的矢量图形SVG:
Scalable Vector Graphics: 可伸缩Scalable是因为画的图是分辨率无关的;
一个简单的SVG时钟:
<div> <h1>SVG时钟</h1> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="clock" viewBox="0,0,100,100" width="300" height="300"> <!-- 画圆形 --> <circle cy="50" cx="50" r="45" fill= "#eff"/> <!-- 刻度线和数字 --> <g id="ticks"> <line x1="50" y1="5.000" x2="50.00" y2="10.00" /> <text x="46" y="18">12</text> <line x1="50" y1="95.000" x2="50.00" y2="90.00" /> <text x="46" y="88">6</text> <line x1="5" y1="50.000" x2="10.00" y2="50.00" /> <text x="12" y="52">9</text> <line x1="95" y1="50.000" x2="90.00" y2="50.00" /> <text x="83" y="52">3</text> </g> <!-- 分针与时针 初始化指向12--> <g id="hands"> <line id="hourhand" x1="50" y1="50" x2="50" y2="25"/> <line id="minutehand" x1="50" y1="50" x2="50" y2="20" />
<line id="secondhand" x1="50" y1="50" x2="50" y2="15"/>
</g> </svg> </div> css: <style type="text/css"> #clock{ stroke :black; stroke-linecap: round; } g>text{ font-family: sans-serif;font-size: 6pt; } </style> js:
function updateTime(){
var now = new Date();
var second = now.getSeconds();
var min = now.getMinutes();
var hour= (now.getHours()%12)+min/60;
var secondangele = second*6; //6°是一秒钟
var minangle = min*6; //6°是一分钟
var hourangle= hour*30; //30°是一小时
$("#hourhand").attr("transform","rotate("+hourangle+",50,50)");
$("#minutehand").attr("transform","rotate("+minangle+",50,50)");
$("#secondhand").attr("transform","rotate("+secondangele+",50,50)");
}
$(function(){
setInterval("updateTime()", 1000);
});
三、HTML5的<canvas>
IE9之前版本的浏览器不支持<canvas>;
修改<canvas>绘制的图形就必须把当前的擦除在重新绘制,而使用SVG绘制的图形,可以通过简单的移除相应的元素来修改图片;
<canvas id="my_canvas"> </canvas> JS: var c = $("#my_canvas")[0].getContext(‘2d‘); c.beginPath(); //画线 c.lineTo(100,100); //画圆 圆心x,y 半径r 开始和结束角度,弧形方向 c.arc(x,y,r,0,2*MATH.PI,false); //画矩形 四个参数 左上顶点,长和宽; c.fillRect(); c.strokeRect(); c.clearRect();c.rect()
四、获取地理位置:
function loc(){
if(navigator.geolocation){
var options = {
timeout:50000
};
var successCallback = function(pos){
$("#loc").html(pos.coords.accuracy+" meters latitude: "+
pos.coords.latitude+" longitude:"+ pos.coords.longitude);
};
var errorCallback = function(e){
$("#loc").html(e.code+":"+e.message);
};
// 获取当前位置
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(successCallback, errorCallback, options)
}
};
//监测当前位置
navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(successCallback, errorCallback, options);
//停止监视位置
navigator.geolocation.clearWatch();
五、Web Worker:
解决客户端javaScript无法多线程的问题;Worker是指执行代码的并行线程;
一个简单的例子:
1、HTML代码:
<div> <h2>Web Worker</h2> <button onclick="computer()" value="10000的阶乘" type="button" >100000*10000循环</button> <p id="result"></p> <button onclick="computerWorker()" value="10000的阶乘" type="button" >WebWorker----100000*10000循环</button> <p id="resultWorker"></p> </div>
2、js代码:
function computer(){ var start= new Date().getTime(); var num = 1; for (var int = 1; int < 100000; int++) { for (var int2 = 0; int2 < 100000; int2++) { num = int+num; } } var end = new Date().getTime(); $("#result").html("计算结果:" +num + "==耗时:"+ (end-start)); } function computerWorker(){ var start = new Date().getTime(); var worker = new Worker(‘myworker.js‘); worker.postMessage(100000); var end = new Date().getTime(); worker.onmessage = function(e){ var num = e.data; $("#resultWorker").html("计算结果:" +num + "==耗时:"+ (end-start)); } }
onmessage = function(e){ console.log(e); postMessage(computerNum(e.data)); }; function computerNum(numData){ console.log(numData); var num = 1; for (var int = 1; int < 100000; int++) { for (var int2 = 0; int2 < 100000; int2++) { num = int+num; } } return num; }
通过Worker()构造函数创建的新的Worker的时候,指定包含的JS代码会运行在一个全新的javaScript环境中,与其创建者脚本隔离;该新的运行环境有一个全局对象WorkerGlobalScope;WorkerGlobalScope有所有JavaScript全局对象拥有的那些属性,如JSON对象 isNaN函数和Date构造函数等,其还拥有一些客户端Window的一些属性,如self location navigator和几种计时器方法 setTimeout setInterval()等;测试时发现不支持doucment.get*等函数,可能还不支持文档交互,但是已经支持log输出(chrome);
六、二进制数据Blob和文件系统API:
1、Blob对象是JavaScript中代表二进制数据的对象;提供了操作二进制数据的接口,在其基础上,实现了FielList对象、File对象、FileReader对象等操作文件的API;在支持<input type="file">的浏览器中,元素上的files属性就是一个FileList对象,代表多个File对象,一个Flle对象就是一个Blob对象;FileReader对象可以访问Blob中的字符或字节;
<div> <h2>文件上传</h2> <input multiple="multiple" type="file" accept="*" onchange="fileInfo(this.files)"/> </div> function fileInfo(files){ for (var int = 0; int < files.length; int++) { var reader = new FileReader(); reader.readAsText(files[int]); reader.onload = function(){ console.log(reader.result); }; reader.onerror= function(e){ console.log("Error",e); }; } }
2、创建或获取Blob的方法:
1、var bb = new Blob("text is hhh"); //传入字符创建新的blod;
2、bb = new BlobBuilder(); bb.append("text is hhhh"); //方便追加字符;
3、bb.silce(0,1024); //将Blob对象按照字节分块,返回新的Blob对象;
3、Blob URL:操作Blob,通过createObjectURL(blob)创建一个URL指向改Blob;
4、操作本地文件系统:
一、获取一个表示本地文件系统的对象:
1、Web Worker中使用 var fs = requestFileSystemSync(PERSISTENT,1024*1024); //传入有效期和大小参数;
2、使用全局函数获取:
var filesystem; requestFileSystem(TEMPORARY,50*1024*1024,function(fs){ filesystem = fs; }, function error(e){ console.log(e); });
3、操作文件:测试时,不能操作啊!
七、WebSocket:
浏览器端代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>聊聊</title> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var nick = prompt("who are you?"); var input = document.getElementById("input"); input.focus(); var div = document.createElement("div"); document.body.insertBefore(div, input); var socket = new WebSocket("ws://10.7.6.7/"); input.onchange = function(){ var msg = nick+":"+input.value; scoket.send(msg); var node = document.createTextNode(msg); div.appendChild(node); input.value = ""; }; input.onmessage = function(event){ var msg = event.data; var node = document.createTextNode(msg); div.appendChild(node) input.scrollIntoView(); }; } </script> </head> <body> <input id="input" style="width: 100%" /> </body> </html>
node服务端代码:
var http = require("http"); var ws = require("webscoket-server"); var httpserver = new http.Server(); var clientui = require(‘fs‘).readFileSync("webchat.html"); httpserver.on("request",function(request,response){ if(request.url ==="/"){ response.writerHead(200,{"Content-Type":"text/html"}); response.write(); response.end(); }else{ response.writeHead(404); response.end(); } }); var wsserver = ws.createServer({server:httpserver}); wsserver.on("connection",function(socket){ scoket.send("w t caht room"); socket.on("message",function(msg){ wsserver.broadcast(msg); }); }); wsserver.listen(8000);
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>聊聊</title> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> </head> <body> <input id="input" style="width: 100%" /> </body> </html>
HTML5之API