记录一下自己解决tomcat部署遇得到问题的全过程
首先，在tomcat部署上面部署项目时，报如下错误：
严重: Error listenerStart
2014-7-24 14:25:44 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Context [/filemanager] startup failed due to previous errors
查了查说是版本问题，将WEB-INF下的web.xml中的

<listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class>
    </listener>

改为：

<listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet</listener-class>
 </listener>

就可以了，结果部署过程中，系统报如下错误：
2014-7-24 14:15:24 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
严重: Servlet.service() for servlet fileUpload threw exception
java.lang.IllegalStateException: No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener registered?

at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.lookupSessionFactory(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:221)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.lookupSessionFactory(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:207)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:146)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:861)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:606)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)

找了好多办法，最后只有将：

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet</listener-class>

换成：

<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringContextServlet </servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1 </load-on-startup>

结果，在部署项目是报了如下错误：
严重: StandardWrapper.Throwable
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘sessionFactory‘ defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/collections/map/LRUMap
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/collections/map/LRUMap

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.hibernate.util.SimpleMRUCache.<init>(SimpleMRUCache.java:55)
at org.hibernate.engine.query.QueryPlanCache.<init>(QueryPlanCache.java:76)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:239)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1872)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.newSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:800)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:726)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1059)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:363)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:226)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:147)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:269)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:320)
at org.springframework.web.context.support.AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext.java:134)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:246)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:184)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet.init(ContextLoaderServlet.java:83)
at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:212)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1026)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4421)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4734)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1079)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:1002)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:506)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1317)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:324)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1065)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.collections.map.LRUMap

at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 44 more

在百度上查了好长时间，最后确定是：在commons-collections-2.1.1.jar包中找到了LRUMap.class文件但他没在map文件夹下而是直接放在了collections下。后来换了个包commons-collections-3.1.jar.问题解决。
然后呢，我有突发奇想将WEB-INF/web.xml中的

<servlet-name>SpringContextServlet </servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1 </load-on-startup>

改回了

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListene</listener-class>

结果还是一切正常，万事大吉。