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ASP.NET Core实现OAuth2.0的ResourceOwnerPassword和ClientCredentials模式

前言

开发授权服务框架一般使用OAuth2.0授权框架,而开发Webapi的授权更应该使用OAuth2.0授权标准,OAuth2.0授权框架文档说明参考:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749

.NET Core开发OAuth2的项目需要使用IdentityServer4(现在还处于RC预发行版本),可参考:https://identityserver4.readthedocs.io/en/dev/

IdentityServer4源码:https://github.com/IdentityServer

如果在.NET中开发OAuth2的项目可使用OWIN,可参考实例源码:https://www.asp.net/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-oauth-20-authorization-server

 

实现ResourceOwnerPassword和client credentials模式:

授权服务器:

Program.cs --> Main方法中:需要调用UseUrls设置IdentityServer4授权服务的IP地址

1             var host = new WebHostBuilder()
2                 .UseKestrel()
3                 //IdentityServer4的使用需要配置UseUrls
4                 .UseUrls("http://localhost:4537")
5                 .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
6                 .UseIISIntegration()
7                 .UseStartup<Startup>()
8                 .Build();

 Startup.cs -->ConfigureServices方法中:

 1             //RSA:证书长度2048以上,否则抛异常
 2             //配置AccessToken的加密证书
 3             var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
 4             //从配置文件获取加密证书
 5             rsa.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(Configuration["SigningCredential"]));
 6             //IdentityServer4授权服务配置
 7             services.AddIdentityServer()
 8                 .AddSigningCredential(new RsaSecurityKey(rsa))    //设置加密证书
 9                 //.AddTemporarySigningCredential()    //测试的时候可使用临时的证书
10                 .AddInMemoryScopes(OAuth2Config.GetScopes())
11                 .AddInMemoryClients(OAuth2Config.GetClients())
12                 //如果是client credentials模式那么就不需要设置验证User了
13                 .AddResourceOwnerValidator<MyUserValidator>() //User验证接口
14                 //.AddInMemoryUsers(OAuth2Config.GetUsers())    //将固定的Users加入到内存中
15                 ;

Startup.cs --> Configure方法中:

1             //使用IdentityServer4的授权服务
2             app.UseIdentityServer();

Client配置

在Startup.cs中通过AddInMemoryClients(OAuth2Config.GetClients())设置到内存中,配置:

 1                 new Client
 2                 {
 3                     //client_id
 4                     ClientId = "pwd_client",
 5                     //AllowedGrantTypes = new string[] { GrantType.ClientCredentials }, //Client Credentials模式
 6                     AllowedGrantTypes = new string[] { GrantType.ResourceOwnerPassword },   //Resource Owner Password模式
 7                     //client_secret
 8                     ClientSecrets =
 9                     {
10                         new Secret("pwd_secret".Sha256())
11                     },
12                     //scope
13                     AllowedScopes =
14                     {
15                         "api1",
16                         //如果想带有RefreshToken,那么必须设置:StandardScopes.OfflineAccess
17                         //如果是Client Credentials模式不支持RefreshToken的,就不需要设置OfflineAccess
18                         StandardScopes.OfflineAccess.Name,
19                     },
20                     //AccessTokenLifetime = 3600, //AccessToken的过期时间, in seconds (defaults to 3600 seconds / 1 hour)
21                     //AbsoluteRefreshTokenLifetime = 60, //RefreshToken的最大过期时间,in seconds. Defaults to 2592000 seconds / 30 day
22                     //RefreshTokenUsage = TokenUsage.OneTimeOnly,   //默认状态,RefreshToken只能使用一次,使用一次之后旧的就不能使用了,只能使用新的RefreshToken
23                     //RefreshTokenUsage = TokenUsage.ReUse,   //可重复使用RefreshToken,RefreshToken,当然过期了就不能使用了
24                 }

Scope设置

在Startup.cs中通过AddInMemoryScopes(OAuth2Config.GetScopes())设置到内存中,配置:

 1         public static IEnumerable<Scope> GetScopes()
 2         {
 3             return new List<Scope>
 4             {
 5                 new Scope
 6                 {
 7                     Name = "api1",
 8                     Description = "My API",
 9                 },
10                 //如果想带有RefreshToken,那么必须设置:StandardScopes.OfflineAccess
11                 StandardScopes.OfflineAccess,
12             };
13         }

账号密码验证

Resource Owner Password模式需要对账号密码进行验证(如果是client credentials模式则不需要对账号密码验证了):

方式一:将Users加入到内存中,IdentityServer4从中获取对账号和密码进行验证:

  .AddInMemoryUsers(OAuth2Config.GetUsers())    

方式二(推荐):实现IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator接口进行验证:

  .AddResourceOwnerValidator<MyUserValidator>() 

IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator的实现:

 1     public class MyUserValidator : IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator
 2     {
 3         public Task ValidateAsync(ResourceOwnerPasswordValidationContext context)
 4         {
 5             if (context.UserName == "admin" && context.Password == "123")
 6             {
 7                 //验证成功
 8                 //使用subject可用于在资源服务器区分用户身份等等
 9                 //获取:资源服务器通过User.Claims.Where(l => l.Type == "sub").FirstOrDefault();获取
10                 context.Result = new GrantValidationResult(subject: "admin", authenticationMethod: "custom");
11             }
12             else
13             {
14                 //验证失败
15                 context.Result = new GrantValidationResult(TokenRequestErrors.InvalidGrant, "invalid custom credential");
16             }
17             return Task.FromResult(0);
18         }
19     }

设置加密证书

通过AddSigningCredential方法设置RSA的加密证书(注意:默认是使用临时证书的,就是AddTemporarySigningCredential(),无论如何不应该使用临时证书,因为每次重启授权服务,就会重新生成新的临时证书),RSA加密证书长度要2048以上,否则服务运行会抛异常

Startup.cs -->ConfigureServices方法中的配置:

1             //RSA:证书长度2048以上,否则抛异常
2             //配置AccessToken的加密证书
3             var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
4             //从配置文件获取加密证书
5             rsa.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(Configuration["SigningCredential"]));
6             services.AddIdentityServer()
7                 .AddSigningCredential(new RsaSecurityKey(rsa))    //设置加密证书

如何生成RSA加密证书(将生成的PrivateKey配置到IdentityServer4中,可以设置到配置文件中):

1             using (RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
2             {
3                 //Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(provider.ExportCspBlob(false)));   //PublicKey
4                 Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(provider.ExportCspBlob(true)));    //PrivateKey
5             }

 

资源服务器

Program.cs -> Main方法中:

1             var host = new WebHostBuilder()
2                 .UseKestrel()
3                 //IdentityServer4的使用需要配置UseUrls
4                 .UseUrls("http://localhost:4823")
5                 .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
6                 .UseIISIntegration()
7                 .UseStartup<Startup>()
8                 .Build();

Startup.cs --> Configure方法中的配置:

            //使用IdentityServer4的资源服务并配置
            app.UseIdentityServerAuthentication(new IdentityServerAuthenticationOptions
            {
                Authority = "http://localhost:4537/",
                ScopeName = "api1",
                SaveToken = true,
                AdditionalScopes = new string[] { "offline_access" },  //添加额外的scope,offline_access为Refresh Token的获取Scope
                RequireHttpsMetadata = http://www.mamicode.com/false,
            });

需要进行授权验证的资源接口(控制器或方法)上设置AuthorizeAttribute:

1     [Authorize]
2     [Route("api/[controller]")]
3     public class ValuesController : Controller

 

测试

resource owner password模式测试代码:

 1         public static void TestResourceOwnerPassword()
 2         {
 3             var client = new HttpClientHepler("http://localhost:4537/connect/token");
 4             string accessToken = null, refreshToken = null;
 5             //获取AccessToken
 6             client.PostAsync(null,
 7                 "grant_type=" + "password" +
 8                 "&username=" + "admin" +
 9                 "&password=" + "123" +
10                 "&client_id=" + "pwd_client" +
11                 "&client_secret=" + "pwd_secret" +
12                 "&scope=" + "api1 offline_access",  //scope需要用空格隔开,offline_access为获取RefreshToken
13                 hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
14                 rtnVal => 
15                 {
16                     var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
17                     accessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
18                     refreshToken = jsonVal.refresh_token;
19                 },
20                 fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
21                 ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
22 
23             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(refreshToken))
24             {
25                 //使用RefreshToken获取新的AccessToken
26                 client.PostAsync(null,
27                     "grant_type=" + "refresh_token" +
28                     "&client_id=" + "pwd_client" +
29                     "&client_secret=" + "pwd_secret" +
30                     "&refresh_token=" + refreshToken,
31                     hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
32                     rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("refresh之后的结果: \r\n" + rtnVal),
33                     fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
34                     ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
35             }
36 
37             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessToken))
38             {
39                 //访问资源服务
40                 client.Url = "http://localhost:4823/api/values";
41                 client.GetAsync(null,
42                         hd => hd.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken),
43                         rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("\r\n访问资源服: \r\n" + rtnVal),
44                         fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
45                         ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait(); 
46             }
47         }

client credentials模式测试代码:

 1         public static void TestClientCredentials()
 2         {
 3             var client = new HttpClientHepler("http://localhost:4537/connect/token");
 4             string accessToken = null;
 5             //获取AccessToken
 6             client.PostAsync(null,
 7                 "grant_type=" + "client_credentials" +
 8                 "&client_id=" + "credt_client" +
 9                 "&client_secret=" + "credt_secret" +
10                 "&scope=" + "api1",  //不要加上offline_access,因为Client Credentials模式不支持RefreshToken的,不然会授权失败
11                 hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
12                 rtnVal =>
13                 {
14                     var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
15                     accessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
16                 },
17                 fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
18                 ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
19 
20             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessToken))
21             {
22                 //访问资源服务
23                 client.Url = "http://localhost:4823/api/values";
24                 client.GetAsync(null,
25                         hd => hd.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken),
26                         rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("访问资源服: \r\n" + rtnVal),
27                         fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
28                         ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
29             }
30         }

 

注意

1.RefreshToken是存储在内存中的,不像AccessToken通过授权服务器设置的加密证书进行加密的,而是生成一个唯一码存储在授权服务的内存中的,因此授权服务器重启了那么这些RefreshToken就消失了;

2.资源服务器在第一次解析AccessToken的时候会先到授权服务器获取配置数据(例如会访问:http://localhost:4537/.well-known/openid-configuration 获取配置的,http://localhost:4537/.well-known/openid-configuration/jwks 获取jwks)),之后解析AccessToken都会使用第一次获取到的配置数据,因此如果授权服务的配置更改了(加密证书等等修改了),那么应该重启资源服务器使之重新获取新的配置数据;

3.调试IdentityServer4框架的时候应该配置好ILogger,因为授权过程中的访问(例如授权失败等等)信息都会调用ILogger进行日志记录,可使用NLog,例如:

  在Startup.cs --> Configure方法中配置:loggerFactory.AddNLog();//添加NLog

 

源码:http://files.cnblogs.com/files/skig/OAuth2CredentialsAndPassword.zip

 

ASP.NET Core实现OAuth2.0的ResourceOwnerPassword和ClientCredentials模式