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Codeforces 258 Div2

A题,n*m根木棍,相交放置,轮流取走相交的两根,最后谁不能行动,则输掉。

min(n,m)&1 为1则先取者赢。

B题,给定一个长度为n,且各不相同的数组,问能否通过交换连续一段L....R使得变成单调递增。

如果一开始就是递增的,那么直接输出L。。。R就是1 1,交换一个就行了;否则判断中间是否有且一段单调递减,且两端交换后使得数组递增。

代码:

  1 //Template updates date: 20140718  2 #include <iostream>  3 #include <sstream>  4 #include <cstdio>  5 #include <climits>  6 #include <ctime>  7 #include <cctype>  8 #include <cstring>  9 #include <cstdlib> 10 #include <string> 11 #include <stack> 12 #include <set> 13 #include <map> 14 #include <cmath> 15 #include <vector> 16 #include <queue> 17 #include <algorithm> 18 #define  esp 1e-6 19 #define  inf 0x3f3f3f3f 20 #define  pi acos(-1.0) 21 #define  pb push_back 22 #define  lson l, m, rt<<1 23 #define  rson m+1, r, rt<<1|1 24 #define  lowbit(x) (x&(-x)) 25 #define  mp(a, b) make_pair((a), (b)) 26 #define  bit(k) (1<<(k)) 27 #define  iin  freopen("pow.in", "r", stdin); 28 #define  oout freopen("pow.out", "w", stdout); 29 #define  in  freopen("solve_in.txt", "r", stdin); 30 #define  out freopen("solve_out.txt", "w", stdout); 31 #define  bug puts("********))))))"); 32 #define  Inout iin oout 33 #define  inout in out 34  35 #define  SET(a, v) memset(a, (v), sizeof(a)) 36 #define  SORT(a)   sort((a).begin(), (a).end()) 37 #define  REV(a)    reverse((a).begin(), (a).end()) 38 #define  READ(a, n) {REP(i, n) cin>>(a)[i];} 39 #define  REP(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); i++) 40 #define  VREP(i, n, base) for(int i = (n); i >= (base); i--) 41 #define  Rep(i, base, n) for(int i = (base); i < (n); i++) 42 #define  REPS(s, i) for(int i = 0; (s)[i]; i++) 43 #define  pf(x) ((x)*(x)) 44 #define  mod(n) ((n)) 45 #define  Log(a, b) (log((double)b)/log((double)a)) 46 #define Srand() srand((int)time(0)) 47 #define random(number) (rand()%number) 48 #define random_range(a, b) (int)(((double)rand()/RAND_MAX)*(b-a) + a) 49  50 using namespace std; 51 typedef long long  LL; 52 typedef unsigned long long ULL; 53 typedef vector<int> VI; 54 typedef pair<int,int> PII; 55 typedef vector<PII> VII; 56 typedef vector<PII, int> VIII; 57 typedef VI:: iterator IT; 58 typedef map<string, int> Mps; 59 typedef map<int, int> Mpi; 60 typedef map<int, PII> Mpii; 61 typedef map<PII, int> Mpiii; 62  63 const int maxn = 100000 + 100; 64 int a[maxn]; 65  66 int main() { 67  68     int n; 69     Rep(i, scanf("%d", &n), n+1) scanf("%d", a+i); 70     int l = 0, r = 0; 71     int ok = 0; 72     a[n+1] = inf; 73     Rep(i, 1, n+2) { 74         if(a[i] > a[i-1]) { 75             if(!l) 76                 continue; 77             else { 78                 if(ok && !r) 79                     r = i-1; 80             } 81         } else if(a[i] < a[i-1]) { 82             if(!ok) 83                 ok = 1, l = i-1; 84             if(r) { 85                 cout<<"no"<<endl; 86                 return 0; 87             } 88         } else { 89             cout<<"no"<<endl; 90             return 0; 91         } 92     } 93     if(l) { 94         if(a[l] < a[r+1] && a[r] > a[l-1]) { 95             cout<<"yes"<<endl; 96             cout<<l << <<r<<endl; 97         } else { 98             cout<<"no"<<endl; 99         }100     } else {101         cout<<"yes"<<endl;102         cout<<1<< <<1<<endl;103     }104     return 0;105 }
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写得挫。

C题,3个球队,总共n场比赛,已进行k场,知道两个球队之间赢得场数的绝对值,如|x1-x2| = d1, |x2-x3| = d2, 问剩下的比赛中是否存在一种可能使得三个队伍赢得场数相等。

分析:题意知道每场比赛只用知道谁赢就行 ,不用顾忌各种规则,前k场中分别可能情况:

令x = x2;

x+d1, x, x+d2;

x+d1, x, x-d2;

x-d1, x, x+d2;

x-d1, x, x-d1;

对应4种情况求出x,在求出x1,x2,x3,判断满足0<=xi<=n/3 && xi <= k;

就可以了。

代码:

 1 //Template updates date: 20140718 2 #include <iostream> 3 #include <sstream> 4 #include <cstdio> 5 #include <climits> 6 #include <ctime> 7 #include <cctype> 8 #include <cstring> 9 #include <cstdlib>10 #include <string>11 #include <stack>12 #include <set>13 #include <map>14 #include <cmath>15 #include <vector>16 #include <queue>17 #include <algorithm>18 #define  esp 1e-619 #define  inf 0x3f3f3f3f20 #define  pi acos(-1.0)21 #define  pb push_back22 #define  lson l, m, rt<<123 #define  rson m+1, r, rt<<1|124 #define  lowbit(x) (x&(-x))25 #define  mp(a, b) make_pair((a), (b))26 #define  bit(k) (1<<(k))27 #define  iin  freopen("pow.in", "r", stdin);28 #define  oout freopen("pow.out", "w", stdout);29 #define  in  freopen("solve_in.txt", "r", stdin);30 #define  out freopen("solve_out.txt", "w", stdout);31 #define  bug puts("********))))))");32 #define  Inout iin oout33 #define  inout in out34 35 #define  SET(a, v) memset(a, (v), sizeof(a))36 #define  SORT(a)   sort((a).begin(), (a).end())37 #define  REV(a)    reverse((a).begin(), (a).end())38 #define  READ(a, n) {REP(i, n) cin>>(a)[i];}39 #define  REP(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); i++)40 #define  VREP(i, n, base) for(int i = (n); i >= (base); i--)41 #define  Rep(i, base, n) for(int i = (base); i < (n); i++)42 #define  REPS(s, i) for(int i = 0; (s)[i]; i++)43 #define  pf(x) ((x)*(x))44 #define  mod(n) ((n))45 #define  Log(a, b) (log((double)b)/log((double)a))46 #define Srand() srand((int)time(0))47 #define random(number) (rand()%number)48 #define random_range(a, b) (int)(((double)rand()/RAND_MAX)*(b-a) + a)49 50 using namespace std;51 typedef long long  LL;52 typedef unsigned long long ULL;53 typedef vector<int> VI;54 typedef pair<int,int> PII;55 typedef vector<PII> VII;56 typedef vector<PII, int> VIII;57 typedef VI:: iterator IT;58 typedef map<string, int> Mps;59 typedef map<int, int> Mpi;60 typedef map<int, PII> Mpii;61 typedef map<PII, int> Mpiii;62 63 LL n, k, d1, d2;64 int a[][2] = {{-1, 1} ,{-1, -1}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}};65 66 int main() {67     int T;68     for(int t = scanf("%d", &T); t <= T; t++) {69         scanf("%I64d%I64d%I64d%I64d", &n, &k, &d1, &d2);70         if(n%3) {71             puts("no");72             continue;73         }74         int ok = 0;75         LL nn;76         REP(i, 4) {77             nn = k;78             LL tmp = (LL)a[i][0]*d1+(LL)a[i][1]*d2;79             nn -= tmp;80             if(nn < 0 || nn%3)81                 continue;82             nn /= 3;83             if(nn > n/3 || nn > k)84                 continue;85             LL x1 = nn+(LL)a[i][0]*d1;86             LL x2 = nn+(LL)a[i][1]*d2;87             if(x1 < 0 || x1 > n/3 || x2 < 0 || x2 > n/3 || x1 > k || x2 > k)88                 continue;89             ok = 1;90             break;91         }92         puts(ok ? "yes" : "no");93     }94     return 0;95 }
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D题,给定仅有‘a‘,‘a‘组成的字符串,定义一种子串:通过合并连续的字母最后可以得到一个回文串。如”aaabbaaa"最后得到"aba"。

很容易想到一个字串首尾字符相等时就为这样的要求的特殊字串。

题目要求奇数长度和偶数长度这样的字串个数,统计每个字符分别用dp[0][s[i]-‘a‘], dp[1][s[i]-‘a‘],表示位于i及之前的奇数位置和偶数位置的s[i]字符个数,

这样偶数长度ans0 += dp[!(i&1)][s[i]-‘a‘], 奇数长度ans1 += dp[i&1][s[i]-‘a‘];

代码:

 1 //Template updates date: 20140718 2 #include <iostream> 3 #include <sstream> 4 #include <cstdio> 5 #include <climits> 6 #include <ctime> 7 #include <cctype> 8 #include <cstring> 9 #include <cstdlib>10 #include <string>11 #include <stack>12 #include <set>13 #include <map>14 #include <cmath>15 #include <vector>16 #include <queue>17 #include <algorithm>18 #define  esp 1e-619 #define  inf 0x3f3f3f3f20 #define  pi acos(-1.0)21 #define  pb push_back22 #define  lson l, m, rt<<123 #define  rson m+1, r, rt<<1|124 #define  lowbit(x) (x&(-x))25 #define  mp(a, b) make_pair((a), (b))26 #define  bit(k) (1<<(k))27 #define  iin  freopen("pow.in", "r", stdin);28 #define  oout freopen("pow.out", "w", stdout);29 #define  in  freopen("solve_in.txt", "r", stdin);30 #define  out freopen("solve_out.txt", "w", stdout);31 #define  bug puts("********))))))");32 #define  Inout iin oout33 #define  inout in out34 35 #define  SET(a, v) memset(a, (v), sizeof(a))36 #define  SORT(a)   sort((a).begin(), (a).end())37 #define  REV(a)    reverse((a).begin(), (a).end())38 #define  READ(a, n) {REP(i, n) cin>>(a)[i];}39 #define  REP(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); i++)40 #define  VREP(i, n, base) for(int i = (n); i >= (base); i--)41 #define  Rep(i, base, n) for(int i = (base); i < (n); i++)42 #define  REPS(s, i) for(int i = 0; (s)[i]; i++)43 #define  pf(x) ((x)*(x))44 #define  mod(n) ((n))45 #define  Log(a, b) (log((double)b)/log((double)a))46 #define Srand() srand((int)time(0))47 #define random(number) (rand()%number)48 #define random_range(a, b) (int)(((double)rand()/RAND_MAX)*(b-a) + a)49 50 using namespace std;51 typedef long long  LL;52 typedef unsigned long long ULL;53 typedef vector<int> VI;54 typedef pair<int,int> PII;55 typedef vector<PII> VII;56 typedef vector<PII, int> VIII;57 typedef VI:: iterator IT;58 typedef map<string, int> Mps;59 typedef map<int, int> Mpi;60 typedef map<int, PII> Mpii;61 typedef map<PII, int> Mpiii;62 63 64 const int maxn = 100000 + 100;65 char s[maxn];66 LL dp[2][2];67 int main() {68     69     scanf("%s", s);70     LL ans1 = 0, ans2 = 0;71     REPS(s, i) {72         int x = s[i]-a;73         int y = i&1;74         dp[y][x]++;75         ans1+=dp[y][x];76         ans2+=dp[y^1][x];77     }78     cout<<ans2<< <<ans1<<endl;79     return 0;80 }
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E题,n个箱子装有fi朵花,箱子内花完全一样,箱子之间花看做不同,求从中选出s朵花,有多少选法?

我也不会数论,不过还是硬着头皮看懂了。以后要慢慢积累啊

分析: 设第i个箱子选出xi朵花。得到x1+x2+x3.....xn = s, 且0<=xi<=fi.

那么选花方案数就是解的组数,即(1+x+x^2+x^3+.....x^f1)*................(1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4.........x^fn)

= (1-x^(f1+1))******(1-x^(fn+1)) *(1-x)^(-n)(等比数列)中x^s系数

然后就是求里面x^s的系数了。

这个先算出前面部分各次幂的系数诚意后面(1-x)^(-n)相应系数,使得总系数为s。

其中(1-x)^(-n)幂为k的系数为C(n+k-1, k) = C(n+k-1, n-1)由于n很小(n<=20).

所以可以通过枚举法求前面的系数,然后C(n+k-1,n-1)利用逆元公式。

代码: