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Android—Ormlite框架简单的操作数据库
大家在Android项目中或多或少的都会使用数据库,为了提高我们的开发效率,当然少不了数据库ORM框架了,尤其是某些数据库操作特别频繁的app;本篇博客将详细介绍ORMLite的简易用法。
下面开始介绍ORMLite的入门用法~
1、下载 ORMLite Jar
首先去ORMLite官网下载jar包,对于Android为:ormlite-android-5.0.jar 和 ormlite-core-5.0.jar ;
ps:访问不了的朋友,文章末尾会把jar、源码、doc与本篇博客例子一起打包提供给大家下载。
2、配置Bean类
有了jar,我们直接新建一个项目为:OrmliteDemo,然后把jar拷贝到libs下。
然后新建一个包:com.my.bean专门用于存放项目中的Bean,首先新建一个Usera.Java
Users:
1 package com.my.bean; 2 3 import com.j256.ormlite.field.DatabaseField; 4 import com.j256.ormlite.table.DatabaseTable; 5 6 7 8 9 @DatabaseTable(tableName="tb_users") 10 public class Users { 11 @DatabaseField(generatedId=true) 12 private int id; 13 @DatabaseField(columnName="name") 14 private String name; 15 @DatabaseField(columnName="desc") 16 private String desc; 17 public int getId() { 18 return id; 19 } 20 public void setId(int id) { 21 this.id = id; 22 } 23 public String getName() { 24 return name; 25 } 26 public void setName(String name) { 27 this.name = name; 28 } 29 public String getDesc() { 30 return desc; 31 } 32 public void setDesc(String desc) { 33 this.desc = desc; 34 } 35 public Users( String name, String desc) { 36 super(); 37 this.name = name; 38 this.desc = desc; 39 } 40 public Users() { 41 super(); 42 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub 43 } 44 45 46 47 }
首先在User类上添加@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_user"),标明这是数据库中的一张表,标明为tb_users
然后分别在属性上添加@DatabaseField(columnName = "name") ,columnName的值为该字段在数据中的列名
@DatabaseField(generatedId = true) ,generatedId 表示id为主键且自动生成
3、编写DAO类
原生的数据库操作,需要继承SQLiteOpenHelper,这里我们需要继承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper
DatabaseHelper:
1 package com.my.db; 2 3 import java.sql.SQLException; 4 5 import android.content.Context; 6 import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; 7 8 import com.j256.ormlite.android.apptools.OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper; 9 import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao; 10 import com.j256.ormlite.support.ConnectionSource; 11 import com.j256.ormlite.table.TableUtils; 12 import com.my.bean.Users; 13 14 15 public class DatabaseHelper extends OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper{ 16 private static final String TABLE_NAME = "users.db"; 17 /** 18 * usersDao,每张表对应一个 19 */ 20 private Dao<Users,Integer> usersDao ; 21 22 private static DatabaseHelper instance; 23 public DatabaseHelper(Context context) { 24 super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 1); 25 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub 26 } 27 28 @Override 29 public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase arg0, ConnectionSource arg1) { 30 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 31 try{ 32 TableUtils.createTable(arg1, Users.class); 33 }catch(Exception e){ 34 e.printStackTrace(); 35 } 36 } 37 38 @Override 39 public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase arg0, ConnectionSource arg1, int arg2, 40 int arg3) { 41 try 42 { 43 TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, Users.class, true); 44 onCreate(arg0, connectionSource); 45 } catch (SQLException e) 46 { 47 e.printStackTrace(); 48 } 49 50 } 51 /** 52 * 单例获取该Helper 53 */ 54 public static synchronized DatabaseHelper getHelper(Context context){ 55 if(instance == null){ 56 synchronized (DatabaseHelper.class) { 57 if(instance == null){ 58 instance = new DatabaseHelper(context); 59 } 60 } 61 } 62 return instance; 63 } 64 65 /** 66 * 获得userDao 67 * @throws SQLException 68 */ 69 public Dao<Users,Integer> getUsersDao() throws SQLException{ 70 if(usersDao == null){ 71 usersDao = getDao(Users.class); 72 } 73 return usersDao; 74 } 75 76 77 /** 78 * 释放资源 79 */ 80 81 @Override 82 public void close() { 83 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 84 super.close(); 85 usersDao = null; 86 } 87 }
这里我们需要继承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,其实就是间接继承了SQLiteOpenHelper
然后需要实现两个方法:
1、onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,ConnectionSource connectionSource)
创建表,我们直接使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);进行创建~
2、onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database, ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
更新表,使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);进行删除操作~
删除完成后,别忘了,创建操作:onCreate(database, connectionSource);
然后使用单例公布出一个创建实例的方法,getHelper用于获取我们的help实例;
4、显示在Activity
MainActivity:
package com.example.ormlitedemo; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.LinearLayout; import android.widget.TableLayout; import android.widget.TableRow; import android.widget.TableRow.LayoutParams; import android.widget.TextView; import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao; import com.my.bean.Users; import com.my.db.DatabaseHelper; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Dao<Users,Integer> usersDao; private Context context; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); context = this; //新建一个表格布局 TableLayout tblay = new TableLayout(this); //给该Activity设置布局 setContentView(tblay,new TableLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)); //插入数据 init(); try{ //取出数据 List<Users> users = getList(); //遍历集合 for (Users u : users) { //创建一行 TableRow tr = new TableRow(this); //新建文本视图 TextView v1 = new TextView(this); TextView v2 = new TextView(this); TextView v3 = new TextView(this); v1.setText(u.getId()+""); v2.setText(u.getName()); v3.setText(u.getDesc()); //把文本视图添加到TableRow中 tr.addView(v1,new TableRow.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 1)); tr.addView(v2,new TableRow.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 1)); tr.addView(v3,new TableRow.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 1)); //把TableRow添加到TableLayout中 tblay.addView(tr); } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } //插入数据 public void init(){ DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context); try{ Users u1 = new Users("zhy","2b铅笔"); usersDao = helper.getUsersDao(); usersDao.create(u1); u1 = new Users("zhy2", "2b铅笔"); usersDao.create(u1); u1 = new Users("zhy3", "2b铅笔"); usersDao.create(u1); u1 = new Users("zhy4", "2b铅笔"); usersDao.create(u1); u1 = new Users("zhy5", "2b铅笔"); usersDao.create(u1); u1 = new Users("zhy6", "2b铅笔"); usersDao.create(u1); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } //查询所有操作 public List<Users> getList(){ DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context); List<Users> users = null; try{ users = helper.getUsersDao().queryForAll(); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return users; } //删除操作 public void DeleteUser(){ DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context); try{ helper.getUsersDao().deleteById(2); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } //更新操作 public void UpdateUser(){ DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context); try{ Users u1 = new Users("lisi", "4b铅笔"); u1.setId(3); helper.getUsersDao().update(u1); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
运行结果如下:
好了,Ormlite的简单操作就说这里了。。。。希望对大家有用,不喜勿喷
Android—Ormlite框架简单的操作数据库