Linux DHCP服务器

1.1. 安装DHCP

yum install dhcp* -y

1.2. DHCP配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# ls  /etc/dhcp/

dhclient.d dhcpd6.conf  dhcpd.conf

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

#

# DHCP Server Configuration file.

#   see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample   #模板文件

#  see ‘man 5 dhcpd.conf‘

# dhcpd.conf

#

# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd

#

# option definitions common to allsupported networks...

optiondomain-name "example.org";    #配置工作的域名

optiondomain-name-servers 202.96.128.86,202.96.134.133;  # 配置DNS服务器 多个用逗号分隔

default-lease-time600;     # 租期时间 600秒   10分

max-lease-time7200;        # 120分钟  2H

# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dnsupdates globally.

#ddns-update-style none;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCPserver for the local

# network, the authoritative directiveshould be uncommented.

#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to adifferent log file (you also

# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

log-facility local7;   # 日志级别

# No service will be given on this subnet,but declaring it helps the

# DHCP server to understand the networktopology.

# 指定网络号，子网掩码，大括号中给出 range分配范围，

# 多个网段可以写多条

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0

 {

  range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;

  option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.10;    #

  option domain-name "hdbattery.cn";

  option routers 192.168.1.1;     # 网关

  option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;   # 广播地址

  default-lease-time 600;   

  max-lease-time 7200;

}

# 以下配置为固定分配MAC绑定

hostfantasia

{

  hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;

  fixed-address 192.168.1.100;

}

# You can declare a class of clients andthen do address allocation

# based on that.   The example below shows a case where allclients

# in a certain class get addresses on the10.17.224/24 subnet, and all

# other clients get addresses on the10.0.29/24 subnet.

class "foo" {

 match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";

}

shared-network 224-29 {

 subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

   option routers rtr-224.example.org;

  }

 subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

   option routers rtr-29.example.org;

  }

 pool {

   allow members of "foo";

   range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;

  }

 pool {

   deny members of "foo";

   range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;

  }

}

测试配置文件语法：

service dhcpd configtest 

# 测试DHCP语法是否正常

service dhcpd restart

# 配置完后重启

##########################  简单配置文件  ################################

ddns-update-styleinterim;

ignoreclient-updates;

next-server192.168.1.11;

filename“pxelinux.0”;

allowbooting;

allowbootp;

subnet192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {      

optionrouters   192.168.0.1

optionsubnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

optiondomain-name-servers 8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114; 

range  dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;

hostns {

      hardware ethernet 00:12:a0:2d:81;

      fixed-address 192.168.0.101;

          }

}

######################################################################################3

1.3. 服务与端口

DHCP端口：67 68

1.4. 防火墙配置

开启防火墙DHCP

iptable -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 67 -jACCEPT

iptable -I INPUT 1 -p udp --dport 67 -jACCEPT

iptable -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 68 -jACCEPT

iptable -I INPUT 1 -p udp --dport 68 -jACCEPT

1.5.查看DHCP分配分配信息

cd /var/lib/dhcpd

cat dhcpd.leases

1.6. 客户端的DHCP获取信息

cd /var/lib/dhclient/  

cat dhclient.leases

1.7. 当DHCP服务器多接口时，限制特定接口提供DHCP服务

vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd

# Command line options here

DHCPDARGS=‘eth0‘   # 指定接口

1.8. 远程开机

ether-wake -i eth0 00:11:22:33:44:55

1.9. 步骤精华  ★★★

1.10. 故障报错：

1：权限问题？

[root@localhostdhcp]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd

User=root

Group=root

2.接口问题

Not configured tolisten on any interfaces!

1.配置固定IP地址

2.检查dhcpd.cnf中的hsot ns ｛｝有绑定没

3.vi/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd 

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Linux DHCP服务器