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httpd-2.4 编译安装
安装环境
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系统环境:CentOS 6.5-x86_64
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所需软件包:
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apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
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apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
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httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
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下载地址:
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http://apr.apache.org/
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http://httpd.apache.org/
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安装步骤
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注:httpd-2.4版本依赖于更高版本(1.5版本以上)的apr和apr-util;apr全称为apache portable runtime,能实现httpd跨平台运行
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解决依赖关系
tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ make && make install
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编译安装apr-1.5.0
tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2 cd apr-1.5.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make && make install
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编译安装apr-util-1.5.3
tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ make && make install
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httpd编译安装
tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2 cd httpd-2.4.9 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd249 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --enable-deflate --with-z --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event make && make install # 各编译参数详解 --prefix:#安装路径 --sysconfdir:#指定配置文件路径 --enable-so:#DSO兼容,DSO=Dynamic Shared Object,动态共享对象,可实现模块动态生效 --enable-ssl:#支持SSL/TLS,可以实现https访问 --enable-cgi:#支持CGI脚本(默认对非线程的MPM模式开启) --enable-rewrite:#启用Rewrite功能 --enable-deflate:#支持压缩 --with-z:#使用指定的zlib库,不指定路径会自动寻找 --with-pcre:#使用指定的PCRE库,不指定路径会自动寻找 --with-apr:#指定apr安装路径 --with-apr-util:#指定apr-util安装路径 --enable-modules:#支持动态启用的模块,可选参数有“all”,“most”,“few”,“reallyall” --enable-mpms-shared:#支持动态加载的MPM模块,可选“all” --with-mpm:#设置默认启用的MPM模式
后续配置
i.修改httpd的主配置文件,设置其Pid文件的路径
ln -sv /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/httpd
ii.导出头文件
ln -sv /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/httpd
iii.导出man手册
vi /etc/man.config MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man # man文件在apache安装目录下哦
iv.编写服务脚本(因是编译安装,不会自动生成服务脚本)
# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd #!/bin/bash # # httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve # HTML files and CGI. # processname: httpd # config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd # pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then . /etc/sysconfig/httpd fi # Start httpd in the C locale by default. HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"} # This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if # mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user. INITLOG_ARGS="" # Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server # with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not # work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start. # Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages. apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd} prog=httpd pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd} RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then RETVAL=$? echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error" failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error" else killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP RETVAL=$? fi echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start;; stop) stop;; status) status -p ${pidfile} $httpd RETVAL=$?;; restart) stop start;; condrestart) if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then stop start fi;; reload) reload;; graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus) $apachectl $@ RETVAL=$?;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL
启动服务并测试
# 为服务脚本赋予执行权限: chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd # 加入服务列表: chkconfig --add httpd # 启动服务 service httpd start
浏览器访问:http://Server_IP/ # 显示“It works”,即表示httpd服务启动成功
httpd 2.4新特性说明
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新增特性
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MPM支持在运行时装载
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支持event MPM类型
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支持异步读写
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在每模块及每目录上指定日志级别
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每请求配置:<If>,<Elseif>
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增强版的表达式分析器
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毫秒级的keepalive timeout
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基于FQDN的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令
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支持使用自定义变量
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新增模块
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mod_proxy_fcgi
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mod_ratelimit
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mod_request
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mod_remoteip
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修改
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对于基于IP的访问控制做了修改,不再支持使用order, allow, deny这些机制,而是统一使用require进行
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