String path = "d:\\success.xlsx";
        String sheetName = "sheetlist";

        XSSFWorkbook wb = null;
        XSSFSheet sheetlist = null;

        File inputFile = new File(path);
        if (inputFile.exists()) {
            wb = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(path));
        } else {
            wb = new XSSFWorkbook();// excel文件对象
        }

        if (wb.getSheet(sheetName) == null) {
            sheetlist = wb.createSheet(sheetName);// 工作表对象
        } else {
            sheetlist = wb.getSheet(sheetName);// 工作表对象
        }

        DataValidationHelper helper = sheetlist.getDataValidationHelper();

        List<XSSFDataValidation> dataValidations = sheetlist.getDataValidations();
        for (XSSFDataValidation dv : dataValidations) {
            // 已有的验证
        }

        //
        CellRangeAddressList dstAddrList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 500, 0, 0);// 规则一单元格范围
        String[] textlist = { "列表1", "列表2", "列表3", "列表4", "列表5" };
        DataValidation dstDataValidation = helper.createValidation(helper.createExplicitListConstraint(textlist),
                dstAddrList);
        dstDataValidation.createPromptBox("提示头", "提示内容");
        dstDataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        dstDataValidation.setShowPromptBox(true);
        dstDataValidation.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
        sheetlist.addValidationData(dstDataValidation);

        CellRangeAddressList dstAddrList2 = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 500, 1, 1);// 规则二单元格范围
        DataValidationConstraint dvc = helper.createNumericConstraint(DVConstraint.ValidationType.INTEGER,
                DVConstraint.OperatorType.BETWEEN, "0", "9999999999");
        DataValidation dstDataValidation2 = helper.createValidation(dvc, dstAddrList2);
        dstDataValidation2.createErrorBox("填错输啦！", "只能填那个啥啥啥");
        dstDataValidation2.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
        dstDataValidation2.setShowErrorBox(true);

        sheetlist.addValidationData(dstDataValidation2);

        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(path);
        wb.write(out);
        out.close();

Java通过POI为Excel添加数据验证