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一天一个Linux基础命令之目录管理类命令rmdir
rmdir 删除空目录，非空的目录不能删除
1、命令格式
rmdir [options] DIRECTORY
2、命令参数
-p, 递归删除，删除目录之前是否删除父目录，如果父目录为空的话就删除
-v, 删除目录时，显示删除信息
--help 显示此帮助信息并退出
--version 输出版本信息并退出
3、常用范例
例1：删除空目录doc
命令：rmdir doc
[root@server~]# tree doc/ doc/ 0directories, 0 files [root@server~]# [root@server~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg doc install.log install.log.syslog [root@server~]# rmdir doc/ [root@server~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog [root@server~]#
例2：删除非空目录echo
命令：rmdir echo
[root@server~]# ls echo/ fstab [root@server~]# rmdir echo/ rmdir:failed to remove `echo/‘: Directory not empty [root@server~]#
提示：rmdir不能删除非空的目录，如果想删除非空的目录用rm -r命令 rm -r echo
[root@server~]# rm -r echo/ rm:descend into directory `echo‘? y rm:remove regular file `echo/fstab‘? y rm:remove directory `echo‘? y [root@server~]#
例3：递归删除目录 tree1/tree2/tree3并显示删除过程
命令 rmdir -pv tree1/tree2/tree3
[root@server~]# tree tree1/ tree1/ └── tree2 └── tree3 2directories, 0 files [root@server~]# rmdir -pv tree1/tree2/tree3/ rmdir:removing directory, `tree1/tree2/tree3/‘ rmdir:removing directory, `tree1/tree2‘ rmdir:removing directory, `tree1‘
扩展：
tree命令：以树状图列出文件目录结构。Centos6.5没有tree命令,需要手动安装，下面介绍tree命令的安装方法
1、命令格式：
tree [options] DIRECTORY
2、常用参数
-d：生成目录树的时候只显示目录
3、使用范例
1、显示/var/log下的文件，以树状形式展现
命令：tree /var/log
root@server~]# tree /var/log/ /var/log/ ├── anaconda.ifcfg.log ├── anaconda.log ├── anaconda.program.log ├── anaconda.storage.log ├── anaconda.syslog ├── anaconda.xlog ├── anaconda.yum.log ├── audit │ └── audit.log ├── boot.log ├── btmp ├── ConsoleKit │ └── history ├── cron ├── cups ├── dmesg ├── dmesg.old ├── dracut.log ├── lastlog ├── maillog ├── mcelog ├── messages ├── ntpstats ├── prelink │ └── prelink.log ├── sa │ ├── sa07 │ └── sa08 ├── samba │ └── old ├── secure ├── spooler ├── sssd ├── tallylog ├── wtmp └── yum.log 9directories, 27 files [root@server~]#
2、显示/var/log目录下的子目录，以树状展现
命令：tree -d /var/log
[root@server~]# tree -d /var/log/ /var/log/ ├── audit ├── ConsoleKit ├── cups ├── ntpstats ├── prelink ├── sa ├── samba │ └── old └── sssd 9directories [root@server~]#
tree安装方式，以CentOS6.5为例
[root@server~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /bak/ //移动yum源仓库的所有文件 到/bak目录下 [root@server~]# cp /bak/CentOS-Media.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ //把/bak下的e本地yum源仓库(CentOS_Media.repo)复制一份到yum源仓库 [root@server~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo //用vim编辑器编辑yum源(CentOS-Media.repo) #CentOS-Media.repo # # This repo can be used with mounted DVD media,verify the mount point for # CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the # DVD ISO that we release. # # To usethis repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too: # yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command] # # or forONLY the media repo, do this: # # yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media[command] [c6-media] name=CentOS-$releasever- Media baseurl=file:///media/CentOS/ file:///media/cdrom/ file:///media/cdrecorder/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 //在此将0修改为1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
提示：默认CentOS-Media.repo没有开启这个软件仓库固在郁闷源里面查找不到此源，需把enabled从0改到1开启 0是关闭状态，1是开启
链接cdrom把CentOS6.5的安装光盘插入然后挂载至上面三个目录中的某一个即可
以下我挂载到/media下的cdrom目录中
[root@server~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom/ 挂载光盘至/media/cdrom目录下 mount:block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@server~]# mount /dev/mapper/vg_server-LogVol00on / type ext4 (rw) proc on/proc type proc (rw) sysfs on/sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on/dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on/dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0") /dev/sda1on /boot type ext4 (rw) /dev/mapper/vg_server-LogVol02on /home type ext4 (rw) none on/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) /dev/sr0 on /media/cdrom type iso9660 (ro) [root@server~]# yum -y install tree 安装tree命令 Loadedplugins: fastestmirror, security Loadingmirror speeds from cached hostfile * c6-media: Settingup Install Process ResolvingDependencies --> Runningtransaction check --->Package tree.x86_64 0:1.5.3-2.el6 will be installed -->Finished Dependency Resolution DependenciesResolved ================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================== Installing: tree x86_64 1.5.3-2.el6 c6-media 36 k TransactionSummary ================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Totaldownload size: 36 k Installedsize: 65 k DownloadingPackages: Runningrpm_check_debug RunningTransaction Test TransactionTest Succeeded RunningTransaction Installing : tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64 1/1 Installed: tree.x86_64 0:1.5.3-2.el6 Complete! [root@server~]#
以上tree命令安装成功
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一天一个Linux基础命令之目录管理类命令rmdir
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