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数据库 二
数据库
[root@server-dns ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@server-dns ~]# yum install mariadb-server -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks
rhel_dvd | 4.1 kB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
[root@server-dns ~]# systemctl start mariadb
此时没有密码，可直接登陆
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
[root@server-dns ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
10 skip-networking=1
[root@server-dns ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
添加密码
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we‘ll need the current
password for the root user. If you‘ve just installed MariaDB, and
you haven‘t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): ##空格（默认选项）
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] ##空格（默认选项）
New password: ##输入密码
Re-enter new password: ##确认密码
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] ##空格（默认选项）
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost‘. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] ##空格（默认选项）
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ‘test‘ that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] ##空格（默认选项）
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] ##空格（默认选项）
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you‘ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
用密码登陆
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
或者
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES; ##查看已有的数据库，分号结尾
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> USE mysql; ##使用mysql库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW TABLES; ##显示库中的表
MariaDB [mysql]> DESC user; ##查看user表的数据结构
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |
| User | char(16) | NO | PRI | | |
| Password | char(41) | NO | | | |
| Select_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Insert_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Update_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Delete_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Drop_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Reload_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Shutdown_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Process_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| File_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Grant_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| References_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Index_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Alter_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Show_db_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Super_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_tmp_table_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Lock_tables_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Execute_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Repl_slave_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Repl_client_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_view_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Show_view_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_routine_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Alter_routine_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_user_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Event_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Trigger_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | |
| ssl_type | enum(‘‘,‘ANY‘,‘X509‘,‘SPECIFIED‘) | NO | | | |
| ssl_cipher | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_issuer | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_subject | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_user_connections | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
| authentication_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
42 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT USER,HOST,PASSWORD from user; ##查询user表中的USER,HOST,PASSWORD
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| USER | HOST | PASSWORD |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
| root | ::1 | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE hello; ##创建hello数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hello |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [hello]> CREATE TABLE westos(username varchar(15) not null,password varchar(15) not null); ##创建westos表，设定username，password的字段
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> SHOW TABLES;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_hello |
+-----------------+
| westos |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> DESC westos;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| username | varchar(15) | NO | | NULL | |
| password | varchar(15) | NO | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
MariaDB [hello]> INSERT INTO westos VALUES (‘lee‘,‘123‘); ##在westos表中添加数据
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> SELECT * FROM westos;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| lee | 123 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> UPDATE westos set password=‘234‘; ##将westos表中的password改为234
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.35 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [hello]> SELECT * FROM westos;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| lee | 234 |
| yz | 234 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> UPDATE westos set password=‘345‘ WHERE username=‘yz‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [hello]> SELECT * FROM westos;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| lee | 234 |
| yz | 345 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) ##将westos表中username为yz的password改为345
MariaDB [hello]> DELETE FROM westos WHERE username=‘lee‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.35 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> SELECT * FROM westos;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| yz | 345 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) ##删除westos表中username为lee的用户的所有信息
[root@server-dns ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123 hello > /mnt/hello.sql ##保存hello库中的数据到/mnt/hello.sql
MariaDB [hello]> DROP table westos; ##删除hello库中的westos表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
MariaDB [hello]> DROP database hello; ##删除数据库hello
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e "CREATE DATABASE hello;" ##创建hello库
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 hello < /mnt/hello.sql ##将/mnt/hello.sql的数据导入到hello库中
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e "select * from hello.westos;"
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| yz | 345 |
+----------+----------+
[root@server-dns ~]#
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER hello@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘hello‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT on hello.* TO hello@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GRANTS FOR hello@localhost;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for hello@localhost |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO ‘hello‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*6B4F89A54E2D27ECD7E8DA05B4AB8FD9D1D8B119‘ |
| GRANT SELECT ON `hello`.* TO ‘hello‘@‘localhost‘ |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE on hello.* TO hello@localhost
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GRANTS FOR hello@localhost;+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for hello@localhost |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO ‘hello‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*6B4F89A54E2D27ECD7E8DA05B4AB8FD9D1D8B119‘ |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `hello`.* TO ‘hello‘@‘localhost‘ |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@server-dns ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123 password hello ##修改登陆密码
[root@server-dns ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 24
Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server
忘记密码
[root@server-dns ~]# systemctl stop mariadb.service
[root@server-dns ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables&
[1] 5917
[root@server-dns ~]# 161207 23:09:04 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘.
161207 23:09:04 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user set Password=password(‘hello‘) WHERE User=‘root‘;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.33 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
[root@server-dns ~]# fg
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
^Z
[1]+ Stopped mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
[root@server-dns ~]#
[root@server-dns ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
root 5917 0.0 0.0 113252 1552 pts/0 T 23:09 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
mysql 6072 0.1 4.7 859056 90368 pts/0 Sl 23:09 0:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 6182 0.0 0.0 112640 936 pts/0 S+ 23:12 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@server-dns ~]# kill -9 6072
[root@server-dns ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@server-dns ~]# yum install httpd -y
下载phpMyAdmain-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[root@server-dns html]# tar jxf phpMyAdmain-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[root@server-dns html]# mv phpMyAdmain-3.4.0-all-languages saozhu
[root@server-dns html]# cd saozhu/
[root@server-dns saozhu]# cp -p config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
[root@server-dns saozhu]# vim config.inc.php
17 $cfg[‘blowfish_secret‘] = ‘westos‘; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH ! */
[root@server-dns saozhu]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@server-dns saozhu]# systemctl start httpd
[root@server-dns saozhu]# yum install php -y
[root@server-dns ～]# mysql -uroot -phello -e "select * from saozhu.vuser;"
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| username | password | domain | maildir |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| admin@westos.org | 123 | westos.org | westos.org/admin/ |
| lee@westos.org | 123 | redhat.org | westos.org/lee/ |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
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数据库 二