Struts2 属性驱动、模型驱动、异常机制

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Struts2 属性驱动、模型驱动、异常机制

2024-08-25 05:34:12 224人阅读

模型驱动使用单独的VO(值对象)来封装请求参数和处理结果，属性驱动则使用Action实例来封装请求参数和处理结果。

一、使用模型驱动

1、login.action采用模型驱动模式实现，采用模型驱动时必须提供对应的模型，该模型就是一个普通的javabean。

UserBean.java

  1: package cc.openhome;
  2: public class UserBean {
  3:   private String username;
  4:   private String password;
  5:   private String tip;//封装处理结果的tip属性
  6:   public String getUsername() {
  7:     return this.username;
  8:   }
  9:   public void setUsername(String username) {
 10:     this.username = username;
 11:   }
 12:   public String getPassword() {
 13:     return this.password;
 14:   }
 15:   public void setPassword(String password) {
 16:     this.password = password;
 17:   }
 18:   public String getTip() {
 19:     return tip;
 20:   }
 21:   public void setTip(String tip) {
 22:     this.tip = tip;
 23:   }
 24: }

2、对于采用模型驱动的Action而言，该Action必须实现ModelDriven接口。

LoginAction.java

  1: package cc.openhome;
  2: 
  3: import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;
  4: import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
  5: public class LoginAction  implements Action,ModelDriven<UserBean>{
  6:   private UserBean model;
  7:   
  8:   public UserBean getModel() {
  9:     return model;
 10:   }
 11:   public void setModel(UserBean model) {
 12:     this.model = model;
 13:   }
 14:   
 15:   //处理用户请求的execute方法
 16:   public String execute() throws Exception{    
 17:     if(getModel().getUsername().equals("nihao") && 
 18:         getModel().getPassword().equals("nihao")){
 19:       getModel().setTip("哈哈，服务器提示");
 20:       return SUCCESS;
 21:     }
 22:     else{
 23:       System.out.println("转换失败、、");
 24:       return ERROR;
 25:     }
 26:   }
 27: }
 28:

3、登录页面login.jsp

  1: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2:     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3: <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
  4: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  5: <html>
  6: <head>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  8:      <title><s:text name="login.title" /></title>
  9: </head>
 10: <body>
 11:   <s:form action="login" align="center">
 12:       <s:textfield name="username" key="user"/>
 13:       <s:password name="password" key="pass"/>
 14:       <s:submit value="http://www.mamicode.com/登录" key="login"/>
 15:   </s:form>
 16: </body>
 17: </html>

3、success.jsp

  1: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2:     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3: <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
  4: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  5: <html>
  6:   <head>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  8:     <title>成功界面</title>
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:       <s:property value="http://www.mamicode.com/model.tip"/>    
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

二、异常处理

MVC框架异常处理的流程：

技术分享 1、LoginAction.java

  1: package cc.openhome;
  2: 
  3: import java.sql.SQLException;
  4: import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;
  5: import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
  6: import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
  7: 
  8: public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport implements Action {
  9:   private String username;
 10:   private String password;
 11:   public String getUsername() {
 12:     return username;
 13:   }
 14:   public void setUsername(String username) {
 15:     this.username = username;
 16:   }
 17:   public String getPassword() {
 18:     return password;
 19:   }
 20:   public void setPassword(String password) {
 21:     this.password = password;
 22:   }
 23:   
 24:   public String execute() throws Exception {
 25:     // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 26:     ActionContext ctx=ActionContext.getContext();
 27:     if(getUsername().equalsIgnoreCase("root")){
 28:       throw new MyException("自定义异常");
 29:     }
 30:     if(getUsername().equalsIgnoreCase("sql")){
 31:       throw new SQLException("用户名不能为sql");
 32:     }
 33:     
 34:     if(getUsername().equals("nihao") && getPassword().equals("nihao")){
 35:       ctx.getSession().put("user", getUsername());
 36:       //ctx.put("tip", getText("succTip",new String[]{username}));    
 37:       return SUCCESS;
 38:     }else{
 39:       return ERROR;
 40:     }
 41:   }
 42: }

2、MyException.java

  1: package cc.openhome;
  2: 
  3: public class MyException extends Exception {
  4:   public MyException (String eString){
  5:     super(eString);
  6:   }
  7: }
  8:

3、登录页面login.jsp

  1: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2:     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3: <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
  4: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  5: <html>
  6: <head>
  7:     <title><s:text name="login.title" /></title>
  8: </head>
  9: <body>
 10:   <s:form action="login" align="center">
 11:       <s:textfield name="username" key="user"/>
 12:       <s:password name="password" key="pass"/>
 13:       <s:submit value="http://www.mamicode.com/登录" key="login"/>
 14:   </s:form>
 15: </body>
 16: </html>

4、struts.xml配置如下：

  1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  2: <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
  3:   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
  4:   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
  5: <struts> 
  6:     <global-results>
  7:       <result name="sql">/exception.jsp</result>
  8:       <result name="root">/exception.jsp</result>
  9:     </global-results>
 10:     <global-exception-mappings>
 11:       <exception-mapping exception="SQLException" result="sql"/>
 12:       <exception-mapping exception="Exception" result="root"/>
 13:     </global-exception-mappings>  
 14:         <action name="login" class="cc.openhome.LoginAction">          
 15:       <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
 16:       <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
 17:       <result name="input">/denglu.jsp</result>
 18:     </action>
 19: </struts>

5、exception.jsp(输出异常界面)

  1: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2:     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3: <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
  4: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  5: <html>
  6:   <head>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  8:     <title>异常界面</title>
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:       出现的问题是：<s:property value="http://www.mamicode.com/exception.message"/><br>
 12:       <s:property value="http://www.mamicode.com/exception"/>
 13:       <!--<s:property value="http://www.mamicode.com/exception"/>-->
 14:   </body>
 15: </html>

6、运行结果

输出异常信息有两种方式：

<s:property value=http://www.mamicode.com/”exception” />输出异常对象本身

<s:property value=http://www.mamicode.com/”exceptionStack” />输出异常堆栈信息

技术分享

Struts2 属性驱动、模型驱动、异常机制

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