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数据库工作于独立主机的lamp平台安装实现

实验环境:

    VM1:192.168.1.134,安装httpd-2.4.10,php-5.4.31

    VM2: 192.168.1.137,安装mariadb-5.5.39

一、在虚拟机VM1上编译安装httpd-2.4.10

wKiom1PrhAbg5xwxAAHV0Y7XKRY975.jpg

1、解决依赖关系的准备工作:

# yum install -y pcre-devel

# yum install -y mod_ssl

# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools"

# yum groupinstall -y "Server Platform Development"

2、编译安装apr-1.5.1

# tar xf apr-1.5.1-tar.bz2

# cd apr-1.5.1

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

3、编译安装apr-util-1.5.3

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3

# cd apr-util-1.5.3

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

4、编译安装httpd-2.4.10

# tar xf httpd-2.4.10.tar.bz2

# cd httpd-2.4.10

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# make && make install

5、修改httpd主配置文件,设置pid文件路径,添加如下内容:

PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid"

6、为httpd提供SysV服务脚本,在/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下创建名称为httpd24的脚本文件,添加内容:

#!/bin/bash

#

# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server

#

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \

#        HTML files and CGI.

# processname: httpd

# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd

# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid


# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions


if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then

        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd

fi


# Start httpd in the C locale by default.

HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}


# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if

# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.

INITLOG_ARGS=""


# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server

# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not

# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.


# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}

prog=httpd

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}

lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}

RETVAL=0


start() {

        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

        LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS

        RETVAL=$?

        echo

        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}

        return $RETVAL

}


stop() {

  echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

  killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd

  RETVAL=$?

  echo

  [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}

}

reload() {

    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then

        RETVAL=$?

        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"

        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"

    else

        killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP

        RETVAL=$?

    fi

    echo

}


# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

  start)

  start

  ;;

  stop)

  stop

  ;;

  status)

        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd

  RETVAL=$?

  ;;

  restart)

  stop

  start

  ;;

  condrestart)

  if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then

    stop

    start

  fi

  ;;

  reload)

        reload

  ;;

  graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)

  $apachectl $@

  RETVAL=$?

  ;;

  *)

  echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"

  exit 1

esac


exit $RETVAL

修改脚本的执行权限:

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24

添加服务:

# chkconfig --add httpd24

启动服务:

# service httpd24 start


二、在本机上编译安装php-5.4.31


1、解决依赖关系:

# yum groupinstall -y "Desktop Platform Development"

# yum install -y bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel;libmcrypt-devel包需要配置好epel源后从能安装

2、编译安装php-5.4.31

# tar xf php-5.4.31.tar.bz2

# cd php-5.4.31

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2  --enable-maintainer-zts

# make && make install

编译选项的注意点:

(1)编译的选项中需要留意的是--enable-maintainer,如果编译httpd-2.4版本使用event或者worker模型,这个选项就必须要指定为zts。

(2)--with-apxs2选项是当编译安装的php以模块的方式被httpd调用时,必须指出的选项,这种方式安装的php与httpd在同一台物理主机上,如果是fcgi模式就不能使用这个选项。

(3)编译过程中指定了php程序的配置文件路径以及组成配置文件的目录位置,后续需要为php提供配置文件时,需要将配置文件复制到指定的目录。

(4)由于mysql未安装在本机上,所以指定--with-mysql=mysqlnd,--with-mysqli=mysqlnd

为php提供配置文件:

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini


3、编译apache配置文件httpd.conf,使apache支持php

# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

添加默认主页支持的格式类型

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

# service httpd24 reload

4、在httpd站点目录创建默认首页文件,类型为php,测试httpd与php是否可以正常通信

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs

# vim index.php

wKioL1PrmQjx8Sg_AABoPVSIhaQ213.jpg

测试结果:

wKioL1PrnZuSSZM1AANaWXEGp3M862.jpg第一台VM1准备完成。


二、在虚拟机VM2上安装mariadb-5.5.39,使用的目录:

wKiom1PrnZvQUsP5AAFH4PsL_G8708.jpg

1、准备数据存放的文件系统,创建为逻辑卷,创建逻辑卷的物理磁盘为/dev/sda3

# fdisk /dev/sdawKiom1PrgL6CPjebAADk-Vc5S1c100.jpg# kpartx -af /dev/sda

# partx -a /dev/sda

# cat /proc/partitions

# pvcreate /dev/sda3

# vgcreate myvg /dev/sda3

# lvcreate -L 10G -n mylv myvg

# lvs

wKioL1Prgp6hzW47AADsIdaz8TM419.jpg# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv

# vim /etc/fstab

wKiom1PrntOx0_l4AAFqCuaYFyA841.jpg

2、新建用户用于安全运行mysql进程

# groupadd -r mysql

# useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin -m -d /mydata/data mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data

3、安装并初始化mysql-5.4.31

# tar xf mariadb-5.5.39-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

# cd /usr/local

# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.39-linux-x86_64 mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql ./

# scripts/mysql-install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data;注意这个语句的执行时必须在mysql目录下,否则执行时不能调用到mysql目录下bin目录里面对应的程序,会报错。

# chown -R root .;数据库初始化完毕后,将mysql目录内的文件属主改为root

4、为mariadb数据库提供主配置文件:

# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# vim /etc/my.cnf

添加一行内容:

datadir = /mydata/data

wKioL1PrpUmAjH_3AAFkWuvlnIs988.jpg

5、为mysql提供sysv服务脚本

# cd /usr/local/mysq

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld

# chkconfig mysqld on

6、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径

# vim /etc/man.config;添加下面一行内容

MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

wKiom1PrpfqgrI9VAACoE7mQaSg732.jpg

7、输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include/mysql

# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

8、输出mysql的库文件路径给系统库查找路径,注意,这步需要做。

# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

# ldconfig

# ldconfig -v | grep mysql

wKiom1PrqAWS4WsEAAEWUjlB_hU337.jpg

9、修改PATH环境变量,让系统可以直接使用mysql相关的命令。

# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

添加一行内容,如下:

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

# service mysqld start

wKioL1Prqe6j9aHPAAGR_VghiFY117.jpg

连接数据库,开启数据库允许远程连接,使用192.168.1.134主机的index.php主页进行测试:

# mysql 

wKiom1PrrSGAhvfBAACpnZTt88Q741.jpg

> use mysql

> update user set host="" where user="root";

编辑VM1主机的/usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php文件,内容如下图:

wKioL1Prs53jcSe1AAC6lmQywLE324.jpg

在浏览器内测试。待完成。